Bita na littafi: Hanyar Siamese na Ho Chi Minh

Da dadewa na san wasu tsoffi biyu na Sojojin Faransa na Waje waɗanda aka yi alama ta zahiri da tunani ta hanyar yunƙurin banza - don ceton ragowar abin da yake a lokacin Indochina daga burin mulkin mallaka na Faransa.

A cikin bazara na 1954 da kyar suka tsira daga yakin da aka yi a Dien Bien Phu da kuma mummunan zaman da aka yi a sansanonin POW na Vietnamese. A ƙarshen XNUMXs da farkon XNUMXs, dole ne su lura da mamaki da rashin imani yadda yara bourgeois masu ban haushi mara iyaka suna shafa kafaɗa da su. 'dogayen gashi aiki- kunya' da sauransu'wawaye masu amfani' domin nuna adawa da sabon yakin Vietnam 'Ku! Ho (Ho Chi Minh!suna rera wakoki a titunan manyan biranen Turai. Ga waɗannan tsoffin sojoji, ɗan gurguzu mai tayar da hankali kuma daga baya shugaban Jamhuriyar Dimokuradiyyar Vietnam Ho Chi Minh (1890-1969) shi ne shaidan cikin jiki, siffar mugunta.

A gaskiya, dole ne in yarda cewa, duk da kyamar da nake da ita ga masu bin koyarwar Marx da Lenin, na yaba da hakan a asirce.dintsin samari masu rawaya a cikin bakar pyjamas dinsu, kamar yadda wani babban jami’in tsare-tsare na Amurka ya taba bayyana kungiyar ta Viet Cong, wacce ba wai kawai tana da kwarin guiwar daukar manyan sojoji masu dauke da makamai a duniya ba, har ma ta yi nasarar durkusar da ita.

Don haka na sayi littafin da sha'awa sosai a bara a Bangkok Hanyar Siamese na Ho Chi Minh Tsohon jami'in diflomasiyya, lauya kuma tsohon farfesa Teddy Spah Palastira ne ya rubuta shi. Wannan marubuci, wanda ke zaune a Bangkok, bai shirya don gwajin gwajinsa ba saboda ya riga ya sami ɗan saba da shi. Siamese na Karshe (2013) wanda a ciki ya ba da hangen nesa mai ban mamaki na lokuta uku masu mahimmanci a tarihin Thai na zamani. A ciki Hanyar Siamese na Ho Chi Minh marubucin ya fada game da lokacin 1928-1930 cewa Kawun Ho An kashe shi a ɓoye a arewa maso gabashin Siam, a madadin kwamitin da ke jagorantar Moscow, a cikin mafi girman sirri tsakanin manyan al'ummar Vietnamese, Vietnam Kieu ya shiga cikin kungiyarsa ta karkashin kasa tare da horar da ’yan sanda domin yakar Turawan mulkin mallaka na Faransa.

Ba zato ba tsammani, ƙari ne na wannan littafin marubucin ya yi tsokaci akan gaskiyar tarihi cewa waɗannan ƴan gudun hijirar Vietnam sun sami sauƙaƙa ta aƙalla sarakunan Siamewa biyu, Rama V da Rama VI, bisa la’akari da muradunsu na siyasa. Idan dai ba a manta ba daga shekara ta 1893 ne Siam ya tilastawa kasarsa matsin lamba daga kasashen duniya don mika manyan yankunan gabashin Mekong zuwa Faransa. Don haka bai kamata ya zama abin mamaki ba cewa Rama V, alal misali, ya karɓi a cikin masu sauraro a cikin Yuli 1909 sanannen mai fafutukar yaƙi da mulkin mallaka na Vietnam Phan Boi Chau ko kuma ga masu fafutuka na ɗan kishin Vietnam da aka kora. Don Du mafaka a Siam.

Marubucin ya zaɓi wani abin da ba na al'ada ba, ɗan ban mamaki na almara da na almara. Kuma wannan saboda sauƙaƙan dalilin da ya sa yawancin abubuwan da suka faru a waɗannan shekarun, jarumin wannan labarin ya ɓoye su. Ko daga baya, da kyar Ho ya dauke alamar mayafin game da zamansa a makwabciyarta Thailand. Kafin, a lokacin da kuma bayan lokacin sa na Siamese, kusan ya kasance yana gudu daga jami'an tsaro da 'yan sanda na jihar Faransa. A Siam, Ho ya rikide zuwa wani hawainiya na gaske mai sunaye da sana'o'i daban-daban, tun daga hamshakin attajiri na kasar Sin zuwa wani malamin addinin Buddah. Don haka ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa wannan littafin da aka rubuta a hankali wani lokaci yana kama da mafi kyawun Ian Fleming ko John Le Carré. Daga tushe a wani gida mai ƙasƙanci a Ban Na Chok kusa da Nakhom Pathom, Ho ya ƙware ƙware da yawa waɗanda za su yi masa hidima a shekaru masu zuwa har ma ya sami lokacin koyan Thai. Ba zato ba tsammani, yana da ban mamaki na tarihi cewa tun daga tsakiyar sittin na Nakhom Pathom ya zama tushen ayyukan US Air Force wanda kusan kullum jirage ke tashi zuwa almara Hanyar Ho Chi Min, hanyar samar da kayayyaki na Vietcong ta cikin dazuzzuka na Laos da Cambodia.

Yayin da rabin farko na littafin za a iya la'akari da shi a matsayin ba almara ba kuma ya fi damuwa da - karanci - abubuwan da za a iya tabbatar da tarihi na zaman Ho a cikin Ƙasar murmushi, rabi na biyu na littafin ya mamaye labarin almara na wani Wong. , matashi Vietnam-Kieu daga Pichit wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin jagora kuma mai fassara akan Neman Ho fiye da kilomita 500 ta cikin mummunan yanayi tsakanin Pichit da Udon. Wannan yanki, ta hanyar, inda, wani abin ban mamaki na tarihi, Jam'iyyar Kwaminisanci ta Thailand ta yi yakin basasa da sojojin Thai a shekarun 70s. Haka Wong wanda ya yarda kansa ya jagoranci jagorancin mai kwarjini Ho, wanda ya tsunduma cikin yakin duniya na biyu Motsi na Thai kyauta kuma ya tafi zuwa ga manyan tsirarun Thai a Arewacin Vietnam don yakar Jafananci.

Ya kasance a sahun gaba na tarihi lokacin da Ho Chi Minh ya shelanta Jamhuriyar Vietnam bayan rugujewar daular Japan a ranar 2 ga watan Satumban 1945, amma kuma lokacin da Faransawa suka dawo aka fara yakin neman yancin kai. Wong ya taka rawa a cikin wannan rikici a matsayinsa na jami'in leken asirin kasar Vietminh, amma manufarsa ta lalace matuka saboda rashin tausayi na yakin da kuma makauniyar danniya da 'yan ta'addar Vietminh suka yi wa 'yan uwansu da ba su rike da gurguzu a cikin zukatansu ba. Ya rasa tunaninsa na ƙarshe lokacin da ya gano cewa Babban Misalinsa na da hannu a cikin aiwatar da gyare-gyaren ƙasa wanda ya jawo asarar rayukan dubban mutane kuma cikin nutsuwa ya koma Thailand a lokacin damina na 1948 inda ya ci gaba da aikin ilimi. Bugu da ƙari, jim kaɗan kafin ya mutu, ya koma Vietnam don 'Tafiya ta Layin Ƙwaƙwalwa' wanda marubucin da wayo ya yi amfani da shi azaman rigar riga don rataya tarihin Vietnam na kwanan nan.

A cikin wannan littafi marubucin yana nufin tsakanin gaskiya da fantasy, tsakanin tarihin tarihi da labari. Wannan na iya samun fa'idarsa, amma a wannan yanayin yana da alama a gare ni ba shi da kyau saboda yana lalata tarihin aikin, wanda a cikin wannan takamaiman yanayin, kuma saboda ƙarancin bincike mai mahimmanci, kusan yayi kama da hagiography. Kuma hakan ya yi min yawa. Karatu ne mai ban sha'awa, duk da haka, wannan littafin ya ba ni damar duba hadaddun, dangantakar da ke tsakanin Vietnam da Thailand ta wata hanya dabam, amma an bar ni - a wani bangare - yunwa da gibin tarihi a cikin littafin. . 

Hanyar Siamese na Ho Chi Minh Teddy Spah Palastira ne ya buga ta The Post Publishing Publc Company Ltd. Bangkok.

ISBN 978-974-228-285-1

Farashin: 400 baht