Mabapi le oli e lutlang le likorale tse shoang

Litsebi tsa baeloji ea maoatle le mekhatlo ea ’muso ha li lumellane mabapi le phello ea ho tšoloha ha oli liphoofolong tse hlaha tsa leoatleng.

Basebeletsi ba tsoang Lefapheng la Saense ea Maoatleng Univesithing ea Kasetsart ba fumane hore coral metsing a sa tebang lebopong la Rayong e fetohile e tšoeu. Libolo tsa tar li fumanoe mabopong a Khao Laem Ya le Had Ma Pim haufi le Rayong, 'me mafika a ntse a koahetsoe ke oli. Sebaka sa li-rai tse hlano se nang le joang ba leoatle ha se amehe.

Coral e fetohile e tšoeu (bleaching) e fumaneha botebong ba limithara tse 10 ho isa ho tse 20. Thon Thamrongnawasawat, hlooho ea Lefapha la Saense ea Marine, o lumela hore likorale li ka 'na tsa koaheloa ke oli ha leqhubu le tlaase, ho thibela coral ho hema. Ho ka nka lilemo ho hlaphoheloa, kaha e hōla ka karolo ea 1 lekholong feela ka selemo ha e bapisoa le karolo ea 5 lekholong ea mefuta e meng.

Libolo tsa sekontiri li etsoa ka holim'a metsi ho tloha ho oli e theohileng ho ea ho ntho e tiileng kapa e tiileng 'me e hlatsuoa lebōpong. Thon o lebelletse hore tse ling li tla hlatsoa lebopong libekeng tse peli tse tlang. Ho bohlokoa ho li hlakola. Ea pele, hobane ba silafatsa mabōpo; sa bobeli hobane ha re tsebe hore na li ama joang tikolohong ha li lula holim'a lehlabathe kapa tlas'a lehlabathe.'

Lihlopha tsa univesithi le tsona li nkile lisampole tsa metsi: libakeng tse tharo tse fapaneng le botebong bo fapaneng. Sediment e bokeletsoeng ho tloha le ka tlas'a botebo ba leoatle e hlahlojoa bakeng sa litšepe tse boima. Litlhapi, likhofu le mefuta e fapaneng ea plankton le tsona lia bokelloa bakeng sa tlhahlobo ea laboratori. Thon o re mofuta o mong le o mong oa liphoofolo sebakeng sena, ho kenyeletsoa liboko, li lokela ho hlahlojoa hobane kaofela li na le seabo molemong oa tikoloho. 'Ts'ebetso eo e hloka basebetsi 'me e theko e boima, empa ea hlokahala.'

Ho fihlela joale, ha ho tšenyo e fumanoeng botebong bo boholo, empa seo ha se bolele letho ka liphello tsa nako e telele. Ho ka nka likhoeli kapa lilemo hore litlamorao tse kotsi tsa oli e lutlang le mokelikeli o sebelisoang li bonahale. “Re tlameha ho lula re hlahloba. Eseng feela lebopong la leoatle la Ao Phrao le ho potoloha, hobane maqhubu, maqhubu le moea kaofela li phetha karolo ea ho ata ha oli.'

Ha ho tšenyo ea likorale

Ho fapana le liphuputso tsa Thon le lihlopha tsa hae, ofisiri e phahameng ho tsoa Lefapheng la Mehloli ea Leoatle le Lebōpo (MCRD) e re likorale tsa Ao Phrao ha lia senyeha. O buile jalo beke e e fetileng fa komiti ya palamente e ne e buisa phuthego. MCRD e ile ea hlahloba libaka tse leshome le metso e 'meli lihlekehlekeng tsa Koh Samet, lihlekehleke tse ling tse tharo le Lam Ya cape naheng e kholo. Ke karolo feela ea mafika a likorale a ileng a ntša seretse, ho latela tlaleho ea litlhahlobo tsa MCRD.

Metsi a pota-potileng Rayong a na le li-rai tsa 3.000 tsa mafika a likorale, tse 1.400 tsa tsona li Khao Lam Ya-Samed National Park, moo Ao Phrao Beach e leng teng. Sebaka sena se boetse se na le li-rai tsa 3.800 tsa joang ba leoatle, tse 824 tsa tsona li sebakeng sa boikhathollo sa naha. Ho ea ka tlaleho ea MCRD, coral ha e nonne haholo libakeng tse ling 'me e na le sekhahla sa 30 ho ea ho 50 lekholong.

Lefapha la National Parks, Wildlife and Plant Conservation le lona le rometse sehlopha sa liphuputso sebakeng sena matsatsi a mane ka mor'a hore tšollo e tšolohe. Sehlopha se ne se sa khone ho etsa lipatlisiso metsing a ka tlaase ho limithara tse 3 ka botebo hobane a ne a ntse a koahetsoe ke oli, empa botebong bo boholo likorale li ne li shebahala li tloaelehile.

Hape re na le Lekala la Pollution Control, le ikarabellang ho lekola tlhoekiso ea leoatle le ho beha leihlo boleng ba moea, metsi le lehlabathe. PCD e boetse e nkile mehlala ea metsi, libakeng tsa 23, empa liphello ha li e-s'o tsejoe. Ho batla litšepe tse boima le polycyclic e nkhang hamonate ea hydrocarbon. Haeba li fumanoa, ho ka nka bonyane selemo pele ho fumanoa mesaletsa e hlakileng ea tšilafalo, haholo-holo ka litšepe tse boima.

(Mohloli: Spectrum, Bangkok Post, August 11, 2013)