Nhau kubva kuThailand - Chikumi 21, 2013

Thailand iri kushorwa neUS nekusaita zvakakwana kurwisa kutengeswa kwevanhu. Zviuru zvinopedzisira zvave muindasitiri yezvepabonde, kubata hove, maindasitiri ekugadzira hove uye mudzimba, izvo zvinosvika 'huuranda hwazvino'.

Kwegore rechina rakateedzana, Thailand iri paUS State Department inodaidzwa kuti tier-2 runyorwa rwenyika dzisingaite. Izvi zvinoonekwa kubva mushumo Kutengesa Vanhu 2013, iyo yakabudiswa nezuro. Chirevo chinoongorora nyika dze188; Nyika makumi mana neina dziri padanho rechipiri.

Thailand yaive pedyo nekudonha kune iyo tier-3 runyorwa, zvichireva kuti yakatarisana nezvirango zvekutengesa. Zvirango zvinganyanya kukanganisa shrimp kutengesa kunze kwenyika kuUS. Asi nekuda kwekuti hurumende yakaronga hurongwa hune matanho ekurwisa kubiwa kwevanhu, nyika yapukunyuka dambudziko iri. Kureva kuti: Thailand yakapihwa gore kuratidza kuti yakanyatso kurwa kwayo.

Maererano neshumo yeTIP, vakadzi nevasikana vanobva kuchamhembe kweThailand uye vanobva kune dzimwe nyika dzakavakidzana ndivo vari panjodzi yekuzopedzisira vave kuita zvepabonde. Hurumende iri kutadza kupa rubatsiro kune vakabatwa nechipfambi chevana uye iri kuita zvishoma mukuchengetedza kodzero dzevakanunurwa.

Pamusoro peindasitiri yezvepabonde, nhamba huru dzevanhu dzinoshandiswawo mumaindasitiri ekuredza nekugadzira hove. Varume vekuSouth Asia vanoshandirwa muzvikepe zvekuredza. Vanogara mugungwa kwemakore, havabhadharwi, vanorohwa uye vanofanira kushanda maawa 18 kusvika ku20 pazuva, mazuva manomwe pavhiki.

Chirevo ichi chinotizve kune huwori hwakapararira hwevakuru vehurumende yeThai mukuferefeta nekumhan'ara kwevakabatwa, izvo zvinobatsira indasitiri iri kusimukira yekutengeserana kwevanhu.

Sekutaura kwehurumende, nyaya mazana matatu neshanu dzekutengesa kwevanhu dzakaferefetwa muna 2012, kubva pamakumi masere nenhatu muna 305, asi makumi maviri nenomwe chete dzakatongwa uye gumi dzakaita kuti vanhu vatongwe.

Mufananidzo: Vakadzi vashanu vekuThai vanodzokera kuThailand muna Zvita 2012 mushure mekununurwa kubva muimba yepfambi muBahrain.

-Indekisi yekusvibiswa kwemhepo yeSingapore yakasvika padanho repamusoro mumakore gumi nematanhatu nezuro. Guta rose rakanga rakafukidzwa nemhute yakakora, yakakonzerwa nokupisa kwesango pachitsuwa cheIndonesia cheSumatra.

Guta-nyika yakamanikidza Jakarta kuti itore danho rekurwisa moto, asi nyika yakavakidzana yakaridza bhora zvakare. Sekureva kwaGurukota reIndonesia, Agung Laksono, minda mizhinji muSumatra ndeyemakambani muSingapore. "Singapore iri kuita semwana mudiki uye haifanirwe kuita ruzha rwakanyanya," akadaro. Mutungamiriri weSingapore akaramba kupindura kudenhwa kwacho. "Handidi kupindira mune megaphone diplomacy."

Nhamo muSingapore inogona kugara kwemavhiki kusvika pakupera kwemwaka wekuoma muSumatra. Zvitoro zvinotengeswa zvinodhaka zvapererwa nemasiki kumeso. Vagari vari kurasikirwa nekushivirira uye vakatsamwa uye vari kunetseka, maererano neSingapore's Environment Minister.

- Nezviyero zvitatu, Bank for Agriculture and Agricultural Cooperatives (BAAC) yakagadzirira kubatsira varimi vasingakwanise kutengesa paddy yavo (mupunga usina husked) ne15.000 baht patani. Bhanga iri riri kufunga nezvekudzikisa mubereko, mitemo mitsva yekukweretesa pagoho rinotevera uye maropafadzo kana richinge rapinda muhurongwa hweinishuwarenzi hwehurumende. BAAC board of directors ichaita sarudzo pane izvi munguva pfupi. Bhanga iri rinoti varimi mazana maviri ezviuru vane matani mamiriyoni matatu epaddy vanokodzera kutora matanho aya.

Chanudpakorn Wongseenin, mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wePublic Warehouse Organisation (PWO, rimwe remasangano maviri ari kugamuchira paddy), akasimbisa kuti varimi vachawana zviuru gumi nezvishanu zvebhaht paddy yavo kusvika June 30. Kubva pazuva iro, mutengo uchaderedzwa kusvika ku15.000 baht, iyo cabinet yakasarudza svondo rino. Asi kumwewo mubepanhau panonzi PWO haichagashira mupunga kubva nezuro kusvika 12.000 Chikumi.

Mushure memutongo wedare remakurukota, vamwe vanogaya magayo vanonzi vakasarudza vega kusatambira mupunga uye kupa varimi mari inonzi bai pratuan iyo yavanokwanisa kutora nayo mutengo wakavimbiswa kubva kuBAAC.

Mutungamiri weThai Farmers Association Wichian Phuanglamchiak anoverenga mutengo wevarimi kubva pa9.000 kusvika gumi,10.000 baht patani. Mukuita, varimi havatombowana zviuru gumi nezvishanu zvebhah patani, asi zviuru gumi nembiri kusvika gumi nemaviri baht patani nekuti mwando wemupunga wakanyanya kukwirira, nekuda kwekusvibiswa kana kukanganisa zviyero.

[Mushoko 'Kuderedzwa kwemutengo wakavimbiswa wemupunga: Varimi vanorodza mapanga avo', mari yekugadzira mudunhu reKao Lieo (Nakhon Sawan) inoiswa pa5.060 baht patani. Uyezve, goho raizove tani 1 parai. Nekudaro, paavhareji goho parai i424, 450 kana 680 kilos (Mabviro: Bangkok Post, Zvita 19, 2011, Kubvumbi 19, 2012)]

- The Faculty of Law yeChulalongkorn University yakakumbira ruregerero kuvadzidzi vashanu vegore rechina, avo vanofanira kutakura mabhegi avo. Vadzidzi ava vakashungurudzwa nemumwe mudzidzisi akatadza kushuma magiredhi avo ekosi yegore rekutanga. Vaigara vachiridza alarm mumakore maviri apfuura, asi izvo hazvina kana mhedzisiro. Yunivhesiti iyi yakaumba chikwata chichaferefeta kuti mudzidzisi ari kutaurwa uyu akatadza here.

- Iyo SET Index yakadzika 3,29 muzana nezuro sezvo vatengesi vakadhonza mari yavo vachipindura US Federal Reserve ichizivisa kuti chirongwa chayo cheQE chichakuvadzwa gare gare gore rino. Iyo baht yakadzokera ku31 inopesana nedhora.

Bhangi reThailand rakayambira kuti kubuda kwemari kubva kuThailand kunogona kuenderera mberi nekuda kwetarisiro yeFED nezve tarisiro yehupfumi hweUS. Asi izvo hazvifanirwe kuve dambudziko nekuti matura eThailand ekunze akamira pamadhora 7 bhiriyoni kubva munaChikumi 176,5.

Mushure mekuvhura bhero reStock Exchange yeThailand (SET), iyo index yakanyura pasi peyero yepfungwa ye1.400 kusvika yakaderera ye1.390,33. Nenguva yekuvhara akange akwira kusvika pa1.402,19 mapoinzi. Musika webhondi weThailand wakauyawo pasi pekumanikidzwa kwekutengeswa nevatambi vekunze net net sales ye3,71 bhiriyoni baht.

Kubva 23 Chivabvu, apo Sachigaro weFED Ben Bernanke akazivisa kuti Fed yaifunga kuderedza QE sezvo hupfumi hweUS huchisimba, vatorwa vakatengesa zvinopfuura 100 bhiriyoni baht inokosha yeThai stocks nemabhondi.

- Panguva yekupisa moto muRaman (Yala), mutungamiri wepamusoro weRunda Kumpulan Kecil anopikisa akapfurwa akafa uye mapurisa matatu akakuvadzwa. Mapurisa akange anyeverwa kuti Madaree Taya aive akahwanda mumba pamwe chete nevamwe vapanduki. Vamwe vapanduki vakakwanisa kutiza.

MuMayo (Pattani), varwi vatatu vakakuvadzwa apo bhomba rakaputika. Mauto acho aive muchikwata chaifamba netsoka.

- Mapurisa asunga mumwe musungwa wechipiri mukurwiswa kwebhomba muRamkhamhaeng mwedzi wapera. Akasungwa maoko muMuang (Narathiwat) neChitatu manheru. Munhu wekutanga akasungwawo ipapo. Mapurisa achiri kutsvaga vamwe vasungwa vaviri. Vanhu vanomwe vakuvara mukurwisa kwebhomba. Pari kuferefetwa kuti vasungwa ava vane hukama here nemapoka anopikisa kuSouth.

– Varume vaviri vanofungidzirwa kuti havasi kubhadharisa mitero yemotokari dzemhando yepamusoro kubva kunze kwenyika vakazvimhan’ara kumapurisa. Vakaburitswa mushure mekutumira bheti yemamiriyoni maviri baht. Bazi reSpecial Investigation rinoti rine humbowo hwakakwana.

Vaviri ava vakanyoreswa sevaridzi vemotokari nhanhatu, dzakabatira moto panguva yekufambisa muNakhon Ratchasima mukupera kwaMay. Vari kupomerwa mhosva yekupinza motokari iyi zvisiri pamutemo, kusabhadhara mutero, kutengesa motokari idzi zvisiri pamutemo uye kutakura vanhu vasina mvumo.

- Fekitari yependi yeKA Paint Ltd Partnership muMuang (Samut Sakhon) yakaderedzwa kuita madota nezuro mangwanani. Vekudzima moto vakatadza kusvika pafekitari iyi nekuda kwemigwagwa midiki yenzvimbo iyi. Zvakamutorera anenge maawa maviri kuti adzore moto. Kuputika kwakawanda kwakaitika panguva yemoto, asi hapana akakuvara. Vagari vomunzvimbo iyi vakatiza misha yavo vachitya.

- Musikana ane makore mana akatsikwa nebhazi rechikoro muMuang (Nakhon Si Thammarat). Musikana akanga achangobuda panze akazembera kubata bhegi rake rakanga radonha. Akasvika pasi pemavhiri ekumashure ekombi achibva afira ipapo. Mai vaya vakazviona vakavhunduka ndokufenda. Mutyairi achapihwa mhosva yekutyaira asina hanya.

- Vadzidzi vatatu veRajamangala University of Technology vakakuvara mukurwa muAyutthaya. Vadzidzi vekumayunivhesiti maviri vakanetsana. Chikonzero chaive chekuramba kwemudzidzi wegore rekutanga kusvuta vadzidzi vatsva.

- Wat Phra Mahathat Woramahawihan muNakhon Si Thammarat achazowedzerwa kuUNESCO's draft World Heritage List. Nhasi World Heritage Committee (WHC) muPhnom Penh ichasarudza pane izvi. Temberi inonzi ine zvimwe zvisaririra zvaBuddha. Iyo huru stupa, Phra Borommathat, yakavakwa mukutanga 13th century.

Zvikumbiro zvitatu zveThai zvekunyorwa runyorwa 2004-2011 zvakasimbiswa neWHC. Vane hanya neKaeng Krachan Forest complex; Phimai, Cultural Route yayo uye Associated Tembere dzePhanomroong neMuangtam; uye Phuphrbat Historical Park. Hapana wevatatu ava adomwa seWorld Heritage saiti.

- Makumi mashanu nhengo dzeThailand Ban Asbestos Network nezuro dzakaratidzira kuBazi rezveHutano vachipokana nekumisikidzwa kwekurambidzwa kwekushandiswa kweasbestos. Bazi iri richaburitsa gwaro renyaya iyi svondo rinouya, kozoti dare remakurukota richazotora danho iri.

Maererano netiweki, zvinoita sekuti indasitiri yeasbestos iri kuyedza kumisa kurambidzwa, kunyangwe WHO yambiro kuti marudzi ese easbestos ane carcinogenic. Nyika makumi mashanu dzakatorambidza asbestos.

Thailand yakarambidza mhando shanu, asi kwete chrysotile, asbestos inoshandiswa sechinhu chinodzivirira mukuvaka, muflooring, mumabhureki linings uye clutch plate uye mumidziyo yemumba senge toasters, irons uye oveni.

Sangano reNational Economic and Social Development Board rakakurudzira kurambidzwa kutanga kwa2010. Dare remakurukota rakazvisimbisa muna 2011, asi Maministries eIndasitiri uye Hutano aifanira kuita imwe tsvakiridzo munjodzi kana zvichidikanwa. Bazi rezvemaindasitiri rinoda kuti kurambidzwa kumiswe kwemakore matatu kusvika mashanu; Bazi rezvehutano rinoda kurambidzwa mukati memwedzi mitanhatu.

Nhau dzehupfumi

- Zvino sezvo hurumende yasarudza kuderedza mutengo wakavimbiswa wepaddy kubva ku15.000 kusvika ku12.000 baht patani, Thai Rice Exporters Association inotarisira kuti kunze kwenyika kunotora gore rino. Kare, vatengesi vakafungidzira 6-6,5 miriyoni matani, zvino vanofunga kuti vanogona kutumira kunze 7 miriyoni matani uye 2014 miriyoni matani muna 8.

Kubva muna Gumiguru 2011, hurumende yakabhadhara mutengo wepaddy uyo ungangoita 40 muzana pamusoro pemutengo wemusika. Kwemwaka wekutanga 2011-2012, kurasikirwa kwe136,9 bhiriyoni baht inotarisirwa.

Kuti zvichave zvichigoneka here kuwedzera kutengesa kunze kwenyika zvinoenderana nemhinduro yeVietnam neIndia pakuderedzwa kwemutengo weThailand. Vaigona zvakare kudzikisa mitengo yavo, vachibvisa mukana weThailand. Pamusika wepasi rose, mutengo we tani ye5% white Thai mupunga wakaderera kusvika ku $ 532 gore rino, yakaderera kubva munaJanuary 2012. Rice yemhando imwechete kubva kuIndia inodhura $ 445 uye Vietnam $ 370.

- The Thai Chamber of Commerce (TCC) inokurudzira hurumende kuti iuye yakachena pakutengesa mupunga kubva muzvitoro zvayo. Misa kutengesa kwakavanzika uye dzokera kuokisheni system, nekuti auction inoguma nekurasikirwa kushoma.

Kurasikirwa kweiyo mortgage system kwakasvika 136 bhiriyoni baht mugore rekutanga, sekureva kweBazi reMari. Mari iyi inobva pane zvese zvakashandiswa, zvinosanganisira manejimendi, muripo wemubereko uye kukosha kwemutengo wemupunga kubva muna Ndira 31.

Iyo Rice Policy Committee haisati yaburitsa huwandu hwekurasikirwa kwemwaka uno. Ministry of Finance inofungidzira kurasikirwa kusvika pari zvino pa84 bhiriyoni baht (goho rekutanga).

Isara Vongkusolkit, sachigaro weTCC, ane kushushikana kwakanyanya pamusoro pehurongwa hwekubhadhara zvikwereti, kusanganisira nhamba dzekutenga nekutengesa, ukuru hwehupfumi hwehurumende, huwandu hwemhindu / kurasikirwa uye zvinogona kurasikirwa mune ramangwana, izvo zvichiri zvakavanzika.

“Kusawirirana uku kunoderedza chivimbo cheveruzhinji nevemabhizimisi uye kunozokanganisa kukweretwa kwenyika uye kuwedzera mari yekukwereta kuhurumende nevemabhizimisi.

TCC inotsigira hurongwa hwehurumende hwekuwedzera mari dzevarimi vanotambura, asi izvi zvinofanirwa kuitwa pasina kuvhiringa misika. Zviri nani kukurudzira varimi kuti varime zvine hungwaru kuitira kuderedza mari yekugadzira, semuenzaniso nekuvaka madhirimu emvura uye nekuita kuti fetereza iwanikwe nemhando dzemupunga dzinoshingirira kunaya.

- Kuyerera kwevatasvi kuSuvarnabhumi kwakadonha ne6,83 muzana gore negore mumwedzi mishanu yekutanga yegore rino, asi hazvireve kuti kuungana kwasvika kumagumo. Survarnabhumi yakabata 21,8 miriyoni vafambi uye 120.900 ndege.

Kuderedzwa kunonyanya kukonzerwa nekufamba kweLCC ndege kuenda kuDon Mueang Airport (LCC = mutakuri wemutengo wakaderera), iyo yave ichitora ndege idzi kubva muna Gumiguru gore rapfuura.

Pasina kufamba, kuyerera kwevatakuri kwaizokwira kusvika kumamiriyoni makumi matanhatu gore rino, zvakanyanya kudarika kukwanisa kwevafambi vane mamiriyoni e60, asi ikozvino 45 mamiriyoni evatakuri vanotarisirwa, 53 mamiriyoni kupfuura gore rapera.

Trafiki dzepasi rose dzakawedzera ne5,24 muzana kusvika 18 miriyoni vafambi mumwedzi mishanu yekutanga yegore rino uye huwandu hwepamba hwakadonha ne39 muzana kusvika 3,79 miriyoni vafambi. Huwandu hwendege hwakawedzera uye hwakadzikira ne1,9 muzana (kusvika 95.355) uye 42,9 muzana (25.554) zvichiteerana.

Don Mueang yaive yakanaka kune huwandu hwakasimba hwekukura: yakabata 6,72 miriyoni vafambi (pamwe ne661 muzana) uye nhamba yendege yakawedzera ne355 muzana kusvika 58.042. Ndege zhinji dzaishandiswa neThai AirAsia neNok Air.

Kuwedzera kweSuvarnabhumi, uko kuchaunza huwandu kune vanosvika mamirioni makumi matanhatu, inotarisirwa kupedzwa mukupera kwa60. Rawewan Netrakavesna, maneja mukuru weSuvarnabhumi, anodana kugadzirisa kuti 'basa rekukwira' nekuti nhandare yendege iri kushandiswa zvakanyanya zuva rose. “Basa rakawanda rinogona kuitwa chete pakati pa 2016 na 2 a.m.,” anodaro.

-Hazvigoneke kuti Thailand igadzire matani gumi nematatu eshuga mumwaka wekukohwa unouya wa2013-2014, anodaro Sopone Tirabanchasak, director wekutengesa shuga Siam Brit Co. Chinangwa chemamiriyoni gumi nematatu ematani, makumi matatu kubva muzana kupfuura gore rino, chakagadzwa neHofisi yeCane and Sugar Board (OCSB). Sopone anoona kufanotaura kusiri kwechokwadi, nekuti nzvimbo yakasimwa nenzimbe yaizofanira kukura nekukurumidza. Mamiriyoni gumi nerimwe anoita seanogoneka kwaari, chero kuine mvura yakakwana.

Thailand, yechipiri pakukura shuga kunze kwenyika, yakakohwa rekodhi 2012 miriyoni matani enzimbe mumwaka wa2013-100, 2 miriyoni kupfuura mwaka wapfuura. Kugadzirwa kweshuga kwakaramba kuri matani miriyoni gumi sezvo huwandu hweshuga hwekutengesa hwakadzikira zvichienzaniswa nemwaka wapfuura.

Naradhip Anantasuk, maneja weSugar Cane Planters Association, anotenda kuti goho haringazo wedzera mumwaka unouya, kunze kweNorth uye Northeast uko kwakatama mafekitori eshuga. Anopa zvikonzero zviviri: Thailand haigone kuwedzera acreage uye hapana anoda kudyara nzimbe izvozvi nekuti kurima mupunga kunopa mari yakawanda. Mitengo yeshuga zvakare haifanirwe kusvika pamakumi maviri nematatu kusvika makumi maviri nemana masendi paundi gore rino, Naradhip akadaro.

Asi Munyori Mukuru weOCSB, Somsak Suwattiga, anoenderera mberi achisimbirira kuti matani emamiriyoni gumi nematatu anogona kuitika. Nzvimbo iri pasi penzimbe, pari zvino mamiriyoni gumi emaraini, inotarisirwa kuwedzera kusvika pamamiriyoni 13, vakadaro. Anoenderera mberi achiti kudiwa kweshuga kwakanyanya kuAsia.

www.dickvanderlugt - Kwakabva: Bangkok Post