Iyo 'Kutaura Kukuru kweMutauro weDutch'
Aya makwikwi ekuperetera nemazvo mutauro wechiDutch anotepfenyurwa gore negore muna Zvita. Mhosva iyi ichaitika muchivakwa cheSeneti muHague uye ichatepfenyurwa nevatepfenyuri vevoruzhinji vechiDutch neveFlemish.
Apa ndakatya nehupenyu hwangu. Ndakanga ndisiri kuNetherlands kwenguva yakareba zvokuti mashoko aya akaita seasinganyatsozivikanwi kwandiri? Kana kuti ndakanga ndichiteerera imwe chiteshi?
Munyori wechirevo chikuru angave aidada nemashoko ake uye ruzivo rwakakwana rwesayenzi yezvokurapa zvokuti aida kuratidza izvi. Pfungwa iyi yakandisimbisa uye mushure mekunaka Chardonnay ndakanzwa kufara zvakare (iwe unofanirwa kutora chikamu, handiti?).
Ona pazasi chidimbu cheGreat Dictation yeMutauro weDutch ane cacophony yemashoko uye shanduro yakasununguka yakasununguka pazasi.
Hapana splat dadsch,asi chii a pastry zai nezveChirungu semutauro wezvidzidzo uye kukanganisa kwacho pamutauro wenyika. Pano mumwe nomumwe anokundikana kuyananisa zvinoreva toasted akasangana crab bamboo. Complicating factor: the kugadzikana kusingaite yeMutauro Union, kurudyi subsidized kupikisa chiDutch, kwete absorb.
Yakaturikirwa zvakasununguka:
Hapana kuderedza,asi chii a kukakavara (kuchema) pamusoro peChirungu semutauro wezvidzidzo uye kukanganisa kwacho kwakanyanya pamutauro wenyika. Pano mumwe nomumwe anokundikana rugare mhinduro apo iwe unogona kugocha ne drink .(krambambouli= red brandy) .Complicate factor: the kutevedzera kusingakanganwirwi yeMutauro Union, asi yakatsigirwa kuchengetedza chiDutch uye kwete kuregeredza.
Mumakore ekutanga eNational Dictation ndakagarawo pasi nokuda kwayo, Marcel van Dam ndiye aiva muparidzi wekutanga. Chokwadi ndakakanganisawo zvakawanda nekuda kwemashoko andaisaziva. Mumakore ose aya ndakakanda mapfumo pasi nokuti ndainzwa kuti mashoko aishandiswa akanga asina kumboshandiswa mumutauro wevanhuwo zvavo. Gore rino zvakare nhamba huru yemashoko andisati ndambonzwa.
Op https://onzetaal.nl/nieuws-en-dossiers/weblog/groot-dictee-2016 unogona kuwana rugwaro rwegore rino ruine tsananguro yemamwe mashoko. Pazasi tsananguro pane akati wandei emhinduro, imwe yacho yandinonokora:
“Zvinonyadzisa kuti National Dictation yadzikira mumakore achangopfuura ikava kugadzirwa kwechiverengero chikuru chemashoko asina kujairika zvachose uye kazhinji asingazivikanwe. Mukuona kwangu, izvi hazvinei nechokuita nekutaura zvakare. Inopa muvhareji wechiDutch munhu pfungwa yokuti kunyora pasina zvikanganiso hazvibviri. Izvi zvinotumira chiratidzo chisiri icho zvachose. "
Chirevo chakazara mumaonero angu. Semunyori uye muverengi weThailandblog.nl, ndingafara kana munhu akaziva mitemo yakakosha yemutauro wechiDutch. Hongu, ndezvechokwadi nezve d's uye t's, ingave kana kusaiisa iyo capitalize, yakanyatsovakwa mitsara zvimiro, nezvimwewo. Haufanire kuve nedzidzo yepamusoro kuti unyore zvakanaka, nekuti zvese zvinogona kuwanikwa paInternet. Kana ndiri kunyora nyaya yeThailandblog.nl uye ndinoda kushandisa izwi uye handina chokwadi kana ndine zviperengo zvakarurama, ndinongozvitarisa. Zviri nyore mazuvano! .
Somudzidzisi wechiDutch, ndave ndichitsamwiswa nezviri mukati mezvinyorwa kwemakore! Iwe unofanirwa kuona madictations aya semutambo kwete dhikisheni yechiDutch, apo mazwi anofanira kupereterwa anonyanya kushandiswa muNetherlands neFlanders. Zita rokuti "Great Dictation of the Dutch Language" rinoratidza kuti iyi "Dutch". Ndinokuvimbisa kuti kana ukataura mazwi aya unenge wakatariswa zvakanyanya zvinoshamisa!
Pane diki dambudziko rinowanikwa kubva kudhisheni pa1st kirasi MAVO level, asi kunyanya varaidzo. Uye iwe hauna kufunga kuti izvi zvakarongwa kuti uchengete vasina kuverenga vakabatikana, handizvo here?
vanhu vose vaya vanonyora vanoda kukunda mumwe pasina.
“Tarisa kuti ndingabatanidza zvinhu sei uye ndizvozvo
zvinoreva chimwe chinhu,” kunyange zvazvo pasina anozivazve kuti chii.
Ndakatarisawo uye nguva dzose ndinotora chikamu nenzira yangu.
Apa mazwi asinganzwisisike.
Handina kure kwandakasvika apa ndakabva ndangomira.
Ndinovimba gore rinouya richava nani uye rinonzwisisika
Ndinodada nekutaura mitauro mishanu, mitatu yacho (Chirungu, Dutch neFrench) zvakanaka kwazvo, Spanish (chaizvoizvo chiCastilian) uye chiGermany hazvina kuipa zvachose, asi kuzvinyora (kunyanya German) hakuna zvachose pasina zvikanganiso mukupereta uye girama. . Ndakagara muUnited States kubva muna 1963 kusvika muna 1967, pandakanga ndava nemakore ari pakati pe14 ne18, uye ndakanga ndisisadzidzi Dutch zvachose. kumashure kuBelgium, ndakataura chiDutch che… mudiki asati asvika!
Kana ini ndichiona iyo yakakurumbira dhizaini yemutauro wechiDutch: Ini ndinotokanganisa mazwi echiRungu kana French mavambo! Ini handina dambudziko iroro nemutauro wechiFrench: muenzaniso wekugadzikana kwemutauro, ne "Académie" inochengetedza iyo inochengetedza negodo humhandara hwemutauro. MuChirungu ndiyo imwe nzira yakapoteredza: mazwi matsva anowedzerwa zuva rega rega, Oxford English, American English, Australian, Indian, denga ndiro rinogumira! Asi dambudziko chairo harina kunyatsoitika: hapana nitpicking.
Chiperengo nemitemo yemutauro weDutch zvakachinja zvakanyanya munguva yehupenyu hwangu (iyo isati yapera), haisi utsinye sei, kuti handina kunetseka kuitevera zvose kune tsamba kwenguva refu. Nekudaro, ini ndinoedza kunyora nemazvo, kuti nditaure zvinoyevedza (kana zvakaringana), asi iyo elitist gakava rinogona kungoshanda chinangwa chekupa ruzhinji ne inferiority complex (hehe)!
Handizivi kana inokodzera panzvimbo ino neine chauvinism, mutauro chaiwo wechiDutch ndiwo mutauro weFlemish.
Unogona kurwa hondo yemutauro munyika yako. 🙂
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Pakave nehukama hwepedyo pakati peNetherlands uye (chikamu che) Belgium mumunda wemutauro kwemakumi emakore, neMutauro Union semumburera.
Semuyenzaniso, kupera kweWNT (Dictionary of the Dutch Language) kwakatsigirwa nemari nenyika mbiri idzi, uye paiva nevaFlemish vakawanda sevaDutch vaishanda paINL (Institute for Dutch Lexicology in Leiden). Zvese izvi zvakonzera kuti pave neduramazwi rakakura kwazvo pasi rose, randinotenda kuti tinogona kudada naro.
Izvo hazvichinje chokwadi chekuti tichinakidzwa ne (Belgian?) doro, tinogona kukakavara patafura yezvinwiwa pamusoro pekuti mutauro upi, tichifunga kuti Flemish mutauro zvachose, kungokanda wrench muequation.
Ndaiwanzotorawo chikamu. Dambudziko rasvika pakupera nebhiza rePrzewalski. Uye takabva tawana zviperengo zvitsva, kusanganisira mukati-kati n, izvo kunze kwekupikisa chinyararire ndinogara ndichinyora pazvisingaenderani. Mushure mekupopotedzana nezvemashoko akaita se'mameseji', mweya wangu wakaremerwa uye ndakasarudza kunwa muchiedza chezuva neEnfantterriple ine nhamba yepamusoro yeplato kubva kuvavakidzani vedu vekumaodzanyemba, ndisingatyi nezvehuwandu hweVAT. Nekudaro, izvi hazvina kubatsira zvakanyanya kune yakaringana yekuziva inomiririra yekaviri-slit kuyedza uye yakabatana kure neinonzwisisika nheyo dzeiyo yakarambwa quantum chromodynamics.
Fransamsterdam meseji yako inonyatsojeka uye ndinoda kuwedzera iyo inonzi Chirungu chedzidzo kana chiAmerica kana iwe uchigona kudaidza kuti mutauro ibharumu isina simba.
ChiDutch chedu mutauro wedu uye tinodada nawo. Zvese izvo zvisina musoro zvinonongedza kuChirungu zvinongori hype, sezvaingoita French. Kare, kana wakadzidza uye uchida kuva munhu wenyika, waitaura nekunyora chiFrench; kana usina, waive murimi. Zvimwechete zvino neChirungu, nekuda kwekuti veAmerica vanoda kuisa chido chekudyisa kwavo kune vasingazive nemadhiki avo makuru. Asi sezvineiwo zviri kuchinja nekuti kumaodzanyemba kweUS Spanish ndiyo yava MUTAURO unotaurwa. Saka taura uchizvikudza uye, kana zvichiita, shandisa mutauro wako waunogara nemazvo.
Chirungu ndiwo mutauro wekuita chimwe chinhu. MuNetherlands, ndinonzwisisa kuti hafu yehurukuro kumayunivhesiti inopiwa muChirungu. (Kunyangwe izvo zvinovandudza manzwisisiro emudzidzi wepakati imwe nyaya; unotofanira kuvadzidzisa Chirungu kutanga). Pandinotsvaga chero musoro unoenderana nesainzi paYouTube, ndinowana zvidzidzo kubva kuIndia, Japan, China, Brazil, Germany, Switzerland, ese muChirungu. Iyo Netherlands ichiri kusarira kumashure mune izvo, zvirinani munhau itsva. Ndizvo zvazvinoita. Esperanto chaive chinangwa chakanaka, asi chakatadza kubudirira. Tine rombo rakanaka kuti Chirungu chiri nyore kuti tidzidze.
Zvatinoona ndezvokuti IQ, chero zvingave, uye kushanda kwechikoro mumasvomhu nefizikiki, munyika dzeAsia uko Chirungu chakakodzera chinodzidziswa, chiri mberi kwezviverengero muNetherlands. Uye zvakare muThailand, iyo iri kusarira kumashure. Vanhu vekuAsia vane tarenda mune sainzi, asi panofanira kunge paine nharaunda yekudyara tarenda nekudzoka. Izvo zvinoshaikwa zvachose muThailand. Icho chokwadi chekuti mutauro weThai pachawo wakaoma kwazvo haigone kuve chikonzero, izvi zvinoshandawo kuChina neJapan, semuenzaniso.
Chiri kushungurudzawo mumaonero angu ndechekuti munhu wese anofanirwa kuwana diploma yepamusoro, zvisinei nezvaanogona. Kwayedza svondo rino takaverenga nyaya padandemutande rino pamusoro pevachahwina vanopedza zvidzidzo zvavo vakapfeka yunifomu izere vozoshanda vachitambira mari shoma.
MuNetherlands, vanhu 199.000 18 vakasvitsa makore 137.000 gore rino, uye panguva imwe cheteyo XNUMX XNUMX vakanyoreswa sevadzidzi vegore rokutanga pachikoro chedzidzo yepamusoro kana kuti yunivhesiti. Pane chinofanira kunge chisina kumira zvakanaka apa, handiti???
Tichakurumidza kuva nenyanzvi 'dzakareruka' here? 'Vakareruka' vanopa utano? Mumwe munhu anoita zvekurima kana kupenda? Kana kuti Rubatsiro rweMugwagwa wese angangoita PHd?
Wim Kan aive nemaonero akadaro mumisangano yake yeGore Idzva: vadzidzi 9 uye 1 plumber, izvo zvinofanirwa kuenda kupi.
The Simplistic Alliance's Solution: “Ipai plumber muhoro wemudzidzi!
Kana iwe uchida kuchengetedza izwi rako rechiDutch ruzivo kusvika parizvino, zvakanakisa kutamba Wordfeud. Mutambo wakanaka futi.
Oo, vakanganwa kutaura kuti maBelgians akanga anyanya kunaka zvakare.
Ah zvakanaka ... Iwo mutambo, asi hauna kushata senge OP inoita kuti ive. Mazwi ese aizivikanwa kwandiri, kunze kwekrambambouli - ndakanga ndisati ndambonzwa nezvazvo.
Kurudziro yakanaka yekuverenga zvakati wandei, kana kubvuma kuti unofanira kunge uchiziva mitauro kana kuti munhu anofarira zvikuru kuita kuti kutaura uku kusava nemhosho.
Krambambuli (not...boeli) ibrandy ine shuga. Icho (chaive) chinwiwa chevadzidzi. rwiyo rwekare rwemudzidzi rwaiti: Krambambuli das ist der Titel, des Tranks dersich bei uns bewahrt (pamwe na Umlaut, asi handikwanise kunyora izvozvo. Ndine urombo)
The Van Dale Etymological Dictionary inoshandisa chiperengo krambambouli.
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krambambouli [cherry brandy] {1847} < high German Krambambuli [the brandy distilled in Danzig], from kranewit [juniper tree], old High German kranawitu [crane wood], nokuti shiri dzinoda mujunipa (cf. fieldfare).
Ndinoshamisika kuti "zvinoreva". Ndakafunga kuti zvakanga zvisina kukodzera. Inofanira kunge iri…