An daɗe tun da sabuntawa da sabunta sigar Mekong- Tashin hankali da ya gabata, Makomar Mara tabbas' da wani ɗan tarihi dan ƙasar Australiya Milton Osborne ya yi ‘ya kashe injinan buga littattafai, amma hakan bai canza gaskiyar cewa wannan littafin ya yi hasarar wasu darajarsa ba.
Duk da girman girmansa, wannan littafin daidaitaccen aiki ne dole ne a karanta ga duk mai sha'awar tashin hankali amma oh mai arziki da ban sha'awa tarihin kudu maso gabashin Asiya. Mekong ta labari ne mai ban sha'awa kuma a bayyane na mutane da al'adu tare da ɗaya daga cikin shahararrun koguna a wannan nahiya. Mekong ba kogi ba ne kawai, amma rafi ne mai cike da tatsuniyoyi da tarihi. Kogin ya hau saman rufin duniya, a cikin dusar ƙanƙara ta har abada a kan tudun Tibet kusa da Chamdo kuma ya ratsa ta Jamhuriyar Jama'ar Sin, Burma, Laos, Thailand, Cambodia da Vietnam sannan kuma yana gudana cikin hikima bayan kilomita 4909 a cikin teku. Tekun Kudu-China. Wannan rafi mai girma shine, kamar yadda marubucin ya fada daidai, jinin rayuwar yankin da ya haifar da binne wayewa da al'adu.
The Mekong' littafi ne mai ban sha'awa da aka rubuta wanda ke ɗaukar mai karatu ba kawai a kan tafiya ta ƙasa ba har ma da lokaci. Ya ba da labarin tasowa da faɗuwar al'adun tatsuniyoyi kamar Funan, Chenia, da sauran daulolin Khmer, Thai, ko Vietnamese waɗanda suka mamaye cikin hazo na zamani. Amma marubucin kuma cikin wayo ya yi amfani da jarumai da dama don zana labarin rafi mai ban sha'awa sosai. Daga Chou Ta-kuan, manzo daga kotun daular kasar Sin wanda ya yi bikin daukakar daular Khmer ta Angkor a karni na goma sha uku, zuwa ga 'yan kabilar Iberian masu 'yanci a karni na sha shida Blais Ruiz da Diego Veloso, zuwa Ho Chi Minh, wanda tarihin Vietnam ya canza sosai. Mai karatu ya bi sawun mahaifin Dominican mai shiga tsakani kuma ɗan mishan Gaspar de Cruz, Bature na farko da ya taɓa -a cikin 1555 - ya hau jirgin ruwa na Mekong ko kuma ya bi ɗan ƙasar Faransa mai binciken Henri Mouhot wanda ya sa Angkor Wat ya shahara a duniya.
Cikakken ƙari ga wannan littafin shine Osborne, kamar yadda shaida ta Rikicin da ya gabata, Mara tabbas na gaba, subtitle na littafin, ba wai kawai yayi nuni akan abubuwan da suka gabata na Mekong ba har ma yana da ido ga yanzu da na gaba. Ba tare da ya so ya zo a matsayin wa'azi ba, ya zana wani m m hoto na nan gaba. Bayan haka, hadaddun yanayin yanayin rafi yana zuwa ƙarƙashin matsin lamba. Babban barazanar da babu shakka ta samo asali ne ta hanyar gina madatsun ruwa da dama a kan kogin da magudanan ruwa. Manyan ayyuka, wanda China ke jagoranta, waɗanda ke da mummunar tasiri ga dabbobi da flora. Hannun kifi a Laos, Thailand, Cambodia da Vietnam musamman suna fama da waɗannan ayyukan. Misali, marubucin ya lissafta cewa a kusa da Dam din Theun Hinboum da ke tsakiyar Laos, bayan kammala wannan madatsar ruwa a shekarar 1998, an rage kamun kifi zuwa kashi 70% na yawan aikin gina wannan aikin fasaha….
Wannan aikin, a ra'ayi na tawali'u, ya fi matsakaicin jagorar tafiya. Mekong ta rubuce ne na musamman, amma sama da duka labari ne mai ban sha'awa. Kun tsinkayi shi: cikakkiyar dole ne wanda na ƙare da mafifici…
Ga wadanda bayan karantawa Mekong ta har yanzu yunwar fata na iya Hanyar kogin zuwa kasar Sin, bayar da shawarar wani littafi na Osborne sosai. Wannan aikin yana sake haifar da jaruntakar kokarin Faransawa biyu Doudart de Lagrée da Francis Garnier; wanda ya bar Saigon a ranar 5 ga Yuni, 1866 da nufin bin Mekong zuwa kasar Sin don bincike da taswirar ramin rafin Masarautar Tsakiya.
Mekong: Tashin hankali da ya gabata, Makomar da ba ta da tabbas ta Milton Osborne, Grove Press, ISBN: 978 – 0802138026 Hardcover $19,98
Mekong, layin rayuwa ga kasashe da yawa, tushen tashin hankali na kasa da kasa yayin da kasar Sin ta yi maganinta ta hanyar gina madatsun ruwa guda 8 a cikin wannan kogin!
A cikin Thai แม่น้ำโขง (mâe:-náam-kǒong, faɗuwar sautin, babban sautin, sautin tashi). mâe:-náam lakabin manyan koguna. A cewar Wikipedia, Kǒong cin hanci da rashawa ne na kasar Sin, wanda kuma ke nufin 'kogi'. A cikin Thai, Kǒong shima alligator ne.
Lardi:
https://www.thaipod101.com/learningcenter/reference/dictionary/แม่น้ำโขง
Zan iya ƙara wani abu, masoyi Rob V.?
Mae na nufin 'uwa'. (suna ba shakka 'ruwa'). Kalmar tana faruwa a wurare da yawa sunaye da kuma a wasu haɗuwa. Mae Sai in Northern Chiang Rai. Mae Thap na nufin 'kwamandan sojoji'. Mae a cikin wannan harka take 'babba, daraja, ƙaunataccen', kwatankwacin Uba Drees da Uwar Teresa. Don haka Mae nam baya nufin 'Uwar Ruwa' amma kawai 'Babban Ruwa', 'Kogin'.
A koyaushe ina cewa kogin mekong, kuma kowa yana fahimtar abin da nake nufi da hakan kawai.
Sayi wannan littafi bayan wani rubutu da ya gabata kuma na sami shi mai ban sha'awa sosai. A matsayin abin da ya biyo baya, na karanta littafin 'Karshen Kwanakin Maɗaukaki Mekong' na Brian Eyler, wanda shine 'yan shekaru da yawa. Taken shi ne ɗan apocalyptic, amma littafin tabbas kuma ya fayyace tabo masu haske. Sama da duka, yana ba da, a cikin ra'ayi na, cikakken hoto na duk ayyukan da ke cikin tafkin Mekong da menene sakamakon wannan ga mazauna yankin.
Ina tsammanin kasar Sin tana shirin karancin ruwa daga tsaunin Himalayas kuma tana samar da ruwa mai yawa.
Gidan Kankara na Himalayan yana narkewa cikin sauri, kuma idan ya narke, duk Asiya za ta zama nahiya mai ƙishirwa.
Ee, Ruud, kuma kun riga kun sami damar karanta wannan anan.
https://www.thailandblog.nl/achtergrond/de-smeltende-derde-pool-ook-thailand-voelt-de-pijn/
Sanda na uku yana narkewa kuma samar da ruwan sha na iya raguwa sosai. Amma kuma ruwan ban ruwa. Sakamakon zai iya haifar da kwararar 'yan gudun hijirar da ba a taba ganin irinsa ba.
Dubi abin da kogin yake nufi ga Thailand; to kogi ne da yake zubar da ruwa, ban taba ganin famfo a ko’ina ba inda na ga mutane suna shan ruwa daga kogin, amma ina ganin koguna da koguna suna kwarara cikinsa. Bugu da kari, tare da dumamar yanayi za a kara ruwan sama kuma Thailand za ta sami karin ruwa. Kasancewar dusar kankara a yankin Himalayas matsala ce ga sauran kasashe amma ba ga Thailand ba, ku duba lokacin da ruwa ya ragu sannan kuma Mekong mai 'karfi' ba shi da daraja sosai. Tailandia tana da isasshen ruwa daga hazo kuma in ban da filayen da ke kusa da su kai tsaye, ba za ku ji kowa yana cewa ba ya ganin ruwa. Wannan ƙishirwa ba ta shafi Thailand da sauran ƙasashe masu zafi ba inda hazo mai yawa ke faɗo saboda, kamar yadda aka ambata, akwai wadataccen ruwa kuma Mekong yana ba da magudanar ruwa.
Ger, zo ka dubi filayen ambaliya na Mekong kusa da Nongkhai. A can za ku ga ban ruwa tare da famfo daga kogin don busasshiyar ƙasar da ta taso a can. Haka ne, kawai a lokacin rani, ba shakka.
Dangane da fitar da ruwa kuwa, ana samun cikas sosai, kuma yana karuwa ne, ta hanyar 100 da aka gina, da ake ginawa, da shirin gina madatsun ruwa a cikin kogi da magudanan abinci. Karanta wani abu game da Mekong Delta a kudancin Vietnam inda, saboda raguwar samar da ruwan Mekong, ruwan teku ya shiga cikin delta kuma ya sa noman shinkafa ba zai yiwu ba saboda shinkafa yana son ruwa mai kyau a tushen.
Mekong ya daɗe ya daina zama babban kogi. A farkon wannan karni, yakan faru a cikin watannin Yuli da Agusta cewa Mekong a Nongkhai yana da yawa sosai don haka dole ne a rufe fitar da birnin don hana ruwa ruwa. Amfanin wadancan madatsun ruwa shine cewa wannan baya faruwa…
Eh, yaya nisan wannan famfon zai tafi, kawai ga filayen da ke kusa, tabbas ba na kilomita daya ba ko ma kilomita 10. Duk gefe kuma maras dacewa. Shekaru 2 da suka gabata, wani shiri na shekaru 20 da suka gabata, an kawar da kura, amma yanzu ya nuna cewa ruwa ya riga ya yi kadan don gane shirin ban ruwa. Tuni dai ya makara saboda China da Laos suna kula da samar da ruwan, kuma a yanzu babu isassun fara manyan ayyukan ban ruwa da ruwa daga Mekong.
Dubi wani labarin daga Bangkok Post game da babban tsari amma tsohon (ta masu duba)
https://www.bangkokpost.com/thailand/general/1709335/govt-revives-old-plan-to-irrigate-isan