Ta yaya zan fi koyon lafazin yaren Thai? Farawa
Nelson Mandela ya ce: “Sa’ad da kuke magana da wani da wani yare, kalmominku suna zuwa zuciyarsa. Lokacin da kuke magana da wani a cikin yarensu, kalmominku suna shiga zuciyarsu.
Ba kwa buƙatar gwaninta don harsuna don koyon harshe kuma shekarunku ba su da mahimmanci. Abin da kuke buƙata shine juriya, sha'awar da kuma rashin tsoron gazawa. Idan mahallin ku ya lura cewa kuna da gaske, za su taimake ku, kada ku daina da sauƙi.
a high sautin; a ƙananan sautin; Sautin saukowa; ǎ tashi sautin; a midtone. Col bayan wasali yana nufin dogon wasali.
Ci gaba da tambaya- Kuna koyan mafi ta hanyar tambaya yayin cin abinci, tafiya, siyayya, ko hawan mota: นั้น อะไร 'Nán (níe:) arai?' "Mene ne wannan (wannan)?" ko นั้น เรียก ว่า อะไร 'Nán rîeak wa'a arai?' "Me ake cewa?" ko พูด ( tambaya ) นี้ Tsarin ใหน 'Phôe:t (thǎam) níe baep nǎi ' 'Yaya ka ce (tambaya) wannan?' Koyaushe maimaita amsar da babbar murya sau da yawa domin ku iya bincika tare da Thai ko kun furta ta daidai.
Samun malami na tsawon awanni 2-4 a mako na ɗan lokaci
Ina goyon bayan farkon samun damar yin gajeriyar tattaunawa mai ma'ana tare da jimlolin faɗin kalmomi 4-6 sannan kawai (bayan 'yan watanni) da gaske farawa da rubutu, wanda sannan yana haɓaka koyon yaren. A farkon yana da kyau idan kun ɗauki malami na sa'o'i 2-4 a mako, farashin kusan 250 baht a kowace awa, amma ba lallai ba ne idan kuna zaune a cikin yanayin Thai. Bugu da ƙari, dole ne ku ciyar da lokaci tare da harshen da kanku kowace rana, in ba haka ba za ku iya manta da shi.
Ina ba da shawarar littafin 'David Smyth, Thai, An Essential Grammar, Routlege, 2010', tare da kyakkyawan bayani na furci da nahawu, wanda aka kwatanta da gajerun jimloli masu amfani. Mafi kyawun wannan littafin: 'Yaren Thai. Grammar, haruffa da lafazin magana, David Smyth, fassarar da gyara ta Ronald Schütte, riga a cikin bugu na uku. Musamman yana da kyau don daidai kuma ana iya fahimtar sauti da lafuzza. Har ila yau, saya wasu litattafan da suke amfani da su a nan a makarantar kindergarten don yin aiki.
Kyakkyawan gidan yanar gizo shine: www.thai-language.com , tare da magana misalai. An ba da shawarar ƙamus biyu na van Moergestel. Turanci-Thai da Thai-Turanci na iya yiwuwa. Amma kashi 80 cikin XNUMX na abin da kuka koya dole ne ku yi kanku a rayuwar ku ta yau da kullun.
Nuna, nunawa kuma sake nunawa…….
Yaren Thai shine yaren tonal, yanzu mun san hakan. Kowane sila yana da sautin nasa, yana da alaƙa da shi ba tare da ɓata lokaci ba kuma a ƙarshe yana ƙayyade ma'anar kalmomin. Sautunan da suka dace suna da mahimmanci don kyakkyawar fahimtar kalmar Thai. Idan kun koyi kalma, dole ne ku koyi sautin da ya dace nan da nan, daga baya ba za ku iya zuwa gare ta ba. Na san mutane da yawa suna cewa: 'Sautunan suna da wahala sosai, zan koya su daga baya'. Sannan hakan bai taba faruwa ba.
Na tafi tare da ɗana don shan kofi a wani cafe kusa da ƙofar Thâa Phae a Chiang Mai. Na ce: 'Aow kèek nèung chin dôeay ná khráp' 'Ni ma ina son yanki na kek'. Matar ba ta fahimce ni ba kuma na kasa gane dalilin da ya sa ta kasa gane. 'kalle' ana 'kallo', ko ba haka ba? Sai dana ya yi ihun 'duba' cikin tsawa mai tsayi sannan ta gane nan take. Na ce "kalle" cikin sanyin murya.
Sautuna biyar-Akwai sautuna 5: tsakiya a, high á, low à, faɗuwa â da tashi ǎ. Yana da sauƙi fiye da yadda ake gani. Har ila yau, Yaren mutanen Holland yana da sautuna, amma muna amfani da su don isar da motsin rai (mamaki, fushi, bacin rai, girmamawa) kuma a cikin harshen Thai, sautin yana ƙayyade ma'anar kalmar. Lokacin da na sami tunani duk sautunan Thai na suna tashi daga taga. Shi ya sa Thais su ne irin kwadi masu sanyi, in ba haka ba babu wanda ya fahimce su.
Lebur tsakiyar-high-ƙananan sautinFara aiki a cikin Yaren mutanen Holland. A hankali faɗi kalmar "Thai harshe ne mai sauƙi kuma mai daɗi" a matsakaicin filin ku ba tare da hawa ko ƙasa ba. Yana sauti monotonous da m? Sannan zai kasance lafiya. Yi haka, amma yanzu dan kadan sama, lebur sake, ƙari, zai yi kyau daga baya. Kuna jin kamar katheuy? Lafiya. Yanzu sautin da ke ƙasa da wannan sautin na tsakiya, kuma yana da faɗi sosai, kamar mutumin gaske yana magana.
Faɗuwa da sautin tashiDauki kalmar 'a'a' don faɗuwar sautin da ke tashi. 'Ba na ce eh! amma ba!!' Saukowa ko kuma sautin jaddadawa. Kuma sautin da ke tashi a bayyane yake sautin tambaya ne: "A'a?"
Shinkafa, fari, labarai-Lokacin da kuka kware hakan, kuyi aiki da kalmar Thai 'khaaw'. Sautin Faɗuwa: ข้าว shinkafa 'kawo'; sautin tashi: Ƙari khǎaw 'farar' da ƙananan sautin labarai khaaw '(the) news'. Saka wani farin abu akan tebur, dan shinkafa, kusa da talabijin. Faɗi ɗaya daga cikin kalmomin guda uku kuma a sami ɗan Thai ya nuna abin da kuke nufi lokacin da kuka furta 'khaaw' akan ɗayan sautunan ukun. Wannan ya ba ni 'yan kwanaki masu kyau.
Tufafi, damisa, mat-Yi haka da เสี้อ 'suua': sautin saukowa: 'tufa, riga'; sautin tashi: เสีอ 'damisa' da ƙananan sautin: เสี่อ' tabarma' (wanda kuke zama kuna ci). Haka kuma yi wannan da ฟ้า 'fáa', high sautin, sa'an nan wani ya nuna a cikin iska da ตา 'taa', ma'anar sautin, sai wani ya nuna idonsa ko ga kakansa, idan yana kusa.
Faɗin jumla mai zuwa, duk maƙallan suna kan madaidaicin sautin: ชาว นา ไป นา ทำ งาน ใน นา 'chaawnaa pai naa tham ngaan nai naa' ko 'Manoma suna zuwa gonakin shinkafa don yin aiki'. Ya kamata ya yi sauti sosai lebur da monotonous. Ana kuma furta sautin babba da ƙarami kusan a matsayin lebur, ko da yake a wani farati na daban.
Sannan kuyi aiki da kalmomi kamar haka:
tsakiyar sautin: มา 'maa' zuwa; นา filin 'naa' (shinkafa); ตา 'taa' kakan (gefen uwa), ido; กา 'ka' kara; ยาย 'yay' grandma (bangaren uwa)
babban matsayi: ม้า 'maa' doki; ช้า 'Chaa' a hankali; ฟ้า 'faa' iska, sama; ค้า saye da siyarwa 'khaa'
ƙananan sautin: ป่า gandun daji 'pàa'; ด่าdon tsawatar 'da'a; บ่า 'ba' kafada; ผ่า 'phaa' (zuwa) yanke bude, tsage
saukowa sautin: ห้า 'hâa' biyar (555 suna dariya); ล่า 'lâa' farauta; ป้า 'pâa' inna babba; บ้า 'ba' mahaukaci; ผ้า 'fa'a' tufa
sautin tashi: หมา'mǎa' kare; หนา 'nǎa' lokacin farin ciki (na abubuwa); หา 'hǎa' (to) nemi wani; า 'fɗa' murfi, bawul
Yi gajerun jimloli, ƙara girman sautin da dogon -aa-, yi aiki yayin da Thai ke saurare kuma yana gyarawa:
ม้า มา ช้า 'máa maa cháa Dokin yana zuwa a hankali
ตา ล่า หมา 'taa lâa mǎa Kakan farautar karnuka
หมา หา ม้า 'mǎa hǎa máa Kare yana neman doki.
ตา บ้า มา ช้า 'taa bâa maa cháa Mahaukaciya kakan yana zuwa ahankali
ยาย หา ป้า 'jaai hǎa pâa Goggo tana neman inna
da dai sauransu.
Wani baƙo ya shiga hukumar tafiya ya tambayi ma'aikacin tebur: คุณ ขาย ตัว ไหม ครับ 'Khoen khǎai toea mái khráp ?' Ya so ya ce, "Shin kuna sayar da tikiti?" Yana samun bugun kai don kokarinsa. Yace kalmar ตัว 'Yatsan ƙafa' 'tikiti' a cikin lebur, tsakiyar sautin, wato 'jiki, jiki' kuma ba cikin sautin tashi ba, wato ตั๋ว 'ta' 'kati'. Sai yace jikinki kike siyar?
Har ila yau, wasulan suna da mahimmanci
Bayan sautunan, wasulan suna da mahimmanci, akasin haka kamar a cikin Yaren mutanen Holland inda baƙaƙen ya fi muhimmanci.
Bambance tsakanin gajere da dogon wasali shine mafi mahimmanci. Kwatanta 'watau' a cikin 'kara' da 'giya', kuma 'watau' na ƙarshe ya fi tsayi a cikin Thai. 'Littafi' da burp', 'cizo' da 'bear', 'paw' da 'ji'. Thais suna da hikima don amfani da haruffa daban-daban guda biyu don dogon da gajere 'oe' 'ie' da sauransu, misali อุ da อู , resp. gajere da tsawo 'oo'. ('อ' alama ce ta taimako, duba abin da ke rawa a kasa, wato 'oo'. Tare da ma'ana: da kuma oe: hanjin yana nuna dogon wasali). Misalai kaɗan:
น้ำ 'suna' ruwa; นำ 'dauki' jagoranci, jagoranci; โต๊ะ 'zuwa' tebur; โต 'ma' girma; ติ 'ƙulle' (gajeren) don suka, tsawa; ตี 'tie:' (dogon) buga พุทธ 'phóet' (gajeren), Buddha; พูด 'phoe: t' (dogon) magana
Na fi samun matsala da sautin 'อื' kamar a cikin 'muu' 'hannu'. Yana jin wani abu kamar 'uu' amma ba tare da madaidaicin baki ba amma tare da faffadan murmushi. Ya kamata ku yi amfani da wasulan da yaren Thai.
Consonants sun yi kama da Ingilishi - ban da ban
Waɗannan su ne mafi sauƙi, sun yi kama da baƙaƙe a cikin Yaren mutanen Holland, tare da keɓance masu zuwa. Ba zato ba tsammani, Thais ba sa son baƙaƙe biyu makale tare (kawai yana faruwa a farkon kalma). A cikin amfanin yau da kullun, 'plaa' 'kifi' yawanci 'paa' ne; 'pràtoe:' 'kofa' ya zama 'patoe' da 'khrai' 'wanda' ya zama 'khai'. Gwada samun Thais don faɗi 'mafi ƙarfi'.
Sautunan ƙarshe -tpk- suna da taushi sosai, kusan ba za a iya jin su ba. Ƙarshen 'k' yana kama da 'b' a cikin Ingilishi 'babban', ƙarshen 't' yana kama da 'd' ( a ce 'don't!' 't' a cikin 'not' ana furta kamar ' d' bin shi). Kuma ƙarshen "p" yayi kama da "b."
Sautunan farko -tpk- da th-ph-kh. A cikin Thai akwai bambanci mai mahimmanci tsakanin mai nema -tpk- (wanda aka saba rubuta shi azaman -th-ph-kh-resp.) da kuma wanda ba'a so -tpk-, bambancin da ba ya zama ruwan dare a cikin Yaren mutanen Holland da Ingilishi. Sanya hannu ko fitilar wuta akan bakinka kuma ka ce t, p, da k. Da kyar ka ji wani iskar da ke tserewa kuma ya kamata harshen wuta ya ci gaba da ci. Ka ce th, ph da kh kuma za ku ji ƙarar iska kuma harshen wuta zai fita. Anan ma, kodayake ƙasa da sautunan, idan ba za ku iya yin wannan bambance-bambance ba, kuna da wahalar fahimta. Lokacin da kuka fara aiwatar da wannan tare da dangin ku a kusa, nishaɗin ba zai iya misaltuwa ba, na ba da tabbacin hakan. A cikin rubutun Thai (Na bar wasu (sosai) haruffa masu wuya):
maras so: -ta-: ต ; -p-: ป ; - ku-: ก
m: -ta-: ท ธ ถ ph- da: พ ผ ภ -kh-: ค ฆ ข
Misali kalmomi:
ตา 'ta' mata; ท่า 'thâa (d) harbor, jetty ตี 'ƙulle:' buga'; ที่': wuri, sarari, a, ciki
ป่า'páa' daji; ผ้า rigar pha ปู'poe:' kaguwa ko Yingluck; ผู้ 'phoe:' mutum
เก้า 'kaaw tara; ข้าว 'kawo rice กา 'ka' kara ('ka,kaa'); ฆ่า 'khaa' don kashe, kashewa
Dole ne ku yi duk wannan sau da yawa, tsawon makonni, har sai ya tafi ba tare da lahani ba. Sai aci gaba. Wannan shi ne tushen furci mai kyau. Idan kun gama, bai kamata wannan jumla ta zama matsala ba:
ไม้ ใหม่ Sanarwar ไหม้ ( ไ en ใ 'ai' ko 'ai'; ม shine sautin 'm') ko 'Máai mài mâi mâi', resp. sabuwar itace ba ta ƙonewa), 'Sabon itace ba ya ƙonewa'.
Idan kana son kunna tanda da sabon itace, wanda tabbas ya gaza, sai ka girgiza kai ka fada wa budurwarka wannan jumla, sai ta gyada kai tana dariya, to ka wuce.
Na gode Tino, don labarin da ke sama. Lallai, littafin da kuka ambata, a cikin fassarar Ronald Schütte, tushe ne mai kyau na koyan yaren. Yanzu da na sami ilimin asali, na kuma ji cewa akwai bukatar malami ya yi aiki da shi a kan yare. Da farko na yi tunanin zan iya watsi da karatu/rubutu, amma kuma na fahimci cewa a wani lokaci zai zama dole a haɓaka ilimin, kamar yadda kuke rubutawa.
Baya ga waɗannan sautunan, ina tsammanin matakin wahalar harshe a zahiri bai yi muni ba. A ra'ayi na, tsarin / nahawu ya fi sauƙi fiye da na Dutch, Turanci, ko Faransanci da Jamusanci. Ina tsammanin yana da wahala ga ɗan Thai ya koyi Turanci fiye da ɗan Dutch ya koyi Thai.
Yi hakuri amma Thai harshe ne mai matukar wahala a gare ni. Lokacin da suke magana ba ma iya jin bambancin filaye balle in iya furta su. Ina zaune a nan tsawon shekaru 12 yanzu kuma na riga na fahimci yawancin abin da suke faɗa kuma mutanen Thai waɗanda suka san ni sun fahimci gibberish na kuma. Abin farin ciki, a ƙauyen surukaina suna jin yaren Khmer. Wannan ya fi sauƙin koyo kuma hanyar magana ta yi kama da yare na Flemish. Kuma ta hanyar, idan kuna magana game da wani batu kuma kuna amfani da filin da ba daidai ba a cikin Thai, za su fahimce ku. Idan suna so ko yaya. Akalla wannan shine kwarewata.
Carl ba kai kaɗai ba. Ina ciyar da lokaci mai yawa a Uttaradit watanni 8 Thailand. Daga ciki watanni 5 Uttaradit, watanni 2 Jomtien da wata 1 tafiya. Ina kan ƙaramin dakatarwa ko aiki (daga belanda) kuma ina da karin magana kamar ɗan Laoti. Kalmomin nan kuma galibi suna nufin wani abu ne daban-daban fiye da na Bangkok.
Kamar Jamusanci idan aka kwatanta da Dutch
Kadan game da wannan shekarun. Tsofaffi sun yi yawa don koyon wani harshe na waje. Labarin da ke ƙasa (kuma akwai ƙarin) yana fama da wannan. Suna cewa:
Kuna iya zama ƙwararren mai magana da harshen waje a kowane zamani, kuma ƙananan ƙarancin nahawu ko lafazin sau da yawa suna ƙara fara'a.
https://theconversation.com/youre-never-too-old-to-become-fluent-in-a-foreign-language-96293
Barka da safiya, ya ku masoyan Thailand.
Ina fatan wata rana zan iya rubuta wani yanki game da yaren Thai wanda ba ni yin kuskure a cikinsa. Na sani, amma na yi kuskure wajen rubuta shi. Don haka a nan:
ป่า'páa' bos. Anan an rubuta shi da babban sautin, amma ya kamata ya zama ƙananan sautin, don haka paa. Typo 🙂
Ina zuwa wurin malamin Thai kowane mako tsawon awanni 2 yanzu kusan shekaru 4. A cikin shekarar da ta gabata mun fara rubutawa wanda ya sa ya fi jin daɗin fahimtar yadda harshen yake da tausayi. Karatu a kan titi, kantin abinci shima yana farawa a hankali… koyaushe yana cike da abubuwan mamaki. Abin da ya fi daukar hankali shi ne, lokacin da nake magana da Thai, Thai da kansa ya yi mamakin cewa farang yana magana da Thai daidai. Ina ƙoƙarin yin amfani da tonation sosai a sarari kuma da kyau sosai.
Amma wani lokacin abubuwa suna faruwa ba daidai ba…. Ina magana kuma 'a shirye'. Bayyanar bayanan R ba kowa bane ga mutane da yawa kuma dole ne in lanƙwasa ga bayanin L.
Da farko matata ba ta son in koyi harshen Thai, dalilin ba wai kawai zai sauƙaƙa mini saduwa da wasu mata ba (wanda ke faruwa) amma dangin suna kallon farang a matsayin mutum mafi muni… khon. mai da. Kawai saboda a lokacin na fara fahimta da koyon al'adun Thai da salon rayuwa…. malam buɗe ido, kiks. Me ya etc.
Na san da yawa. Farang roo make.
Amma ana buƙatar aiwatar da sadarwa kuma yana aiki mafi kyau tare da pint kuma a cikin kamfani mai kyau!
Bayan sautunan, rarrabuwa da matsayi na iya zama mafi wahala ga Yaren mutanen Holland.
Rob, cewa bayyanannen lafazin R yana da yawa a Bangkok (Tsakiya ta Thailand), amma a cikin Isaan mutane suna da matsala da yawa game da shi, saboda yaren yanki kuma ina tsammanin kuma Laotian ba shi da sautin R.
Iyalina na Thai suna godiya da gaske cewa ina da kyakkyawan umarni na yaren Thai. Har ila yau ban fahimci cewa kai / zama farang mai dee ba, amma ka sani cewa Thais suna son yin tsegumi a tsakanin su sannan kuma su ji kunya idan kun nuna kwatsam kun fahimci komai.
Ƙaunata ta fito daga Khon Kaen kuma tana iya yin kyakkyawan birgima RRRR. A koyaushe ina samun matsala tare da R. Suna yawan zazzage ni ta hanyar cewa, misali, "RRRRRob". Kuma ta fi farin cikin cewa na yi magana aƙalla kaɗan na Thai (kuma a ƙarshe za ta koyi yaren tare da ita da zarar ta gama matakin NT2 na Dutch, matakin B1). Aƙalla sai ta iya yin magana game da yadda ta ji ko abin da ta gani a cikin yarenta. Kullum sai ta yi min magana da Thai ba tare da tunani ba, na yi sa'a na iya ciro wasu kalmomi masu mahimmanci don na fahimci cewa ta ce, misali, ta haukace ni, <3
Kullum ina zaune tare da gungun mata. Suna kiran junansu kamar Nok da Noi. Don haka nima nayi hakan. Shiru na mutu, kowa ya kalle ni. Na tambayi 'menene?' "Kin ce Nok, wannan ba kyau ba ne, ai Tino!" "Amma kai ma ka yi," na yi rashin amincewa. "Za mu iya yin haka, amma mai farang ba zai iya ba!" ita ce amsar.
Yayin da ka wuce wata makaranta a arewa za ka ji malamin yana cewa rrroongrriean, kuma dalibai suna maimaita loongliean. Rashin wayewa sosai.
Chaawna pai naa thum ngaan nai naa Tino?
Bakon jumla
Zan ce Chaawna pai thum ngaan tii thung naa.
Shin zan iya furta "thum ngaan" anan a matsayin "tham ngaan"?
Wannan rubutun sauti a gare ni ya zama cakuda lafazin lafazin Ingilishi da kuma lafazin harshen Holland…
Zai iya zama daidai Daniel, Thai phonetic na ba shi da kyau 555
Bakon magana, hakika. Amma dole ne in fito da wani abu mai sautin tsakiya kawai. Shin za ku iya tunanin jumlar faɗin syllables 8-10 tare da sautunan faɗuwa kawai? Kuma watakila iri ɗaya ga sauran bayanin kula?
Abin takaici ba zan iya taimaka muku da hakan ba. Na koyi Thai a matsayin Thai kuma ban damu da nunawa ba.
5555
Sannan kai dan Thai ne na gaske. A farkon matakan koyo na, lokacin da na tambayi wani ɗan Thai 'wane sautin wannan kalmar?' suka tsaya babu magana ko kallona kamar na rasa hankalina. Ba malamin ba tabbas, zai iya fada.
Ga masu sha'awar, ga sunayen Thai don sautunan:
Tsakiyar sǐejang sǎaman
Ƙananan sǐejang
Saukowa sǐejang thoo
Gwajin babban sǐejang:
Tashi sǐejang tjattàwaa
Waɗannan kalmomi huɗu na ƙarshe sune lambobi 1, 2, 3, 4 a cikin Sanskrit. Ana iya ganewa sune 'thoo', 'twee' ko Ingilishi 'biyu', kuma gwada: namu 'uku'. Sǎaman na nufin ''daidai, fili, lebur''. A yanzu akwai jam'iyyar siyasa ta 'sǎaman', jam'iyyar ta ' talakawan namiji/mace'.
Littafin da aka ambata nahawu ne wanda ba masanin harshe Schütte ya fassara ba, wani nau'in bincike ne amma ba littafin koyarwa ba.
Af, ga masu magana da harshen Holland akwai harsuna masu sauƙi (kamar Indonesian) da kuma masu wuya (kamar Thai da Sinanci). Ina magana daga gwaninta a cikin harsuna goma.
Yana da yaudara a faɗi wani abu, ko da an yi shi da kyakkyawar niyya.
Na yi shekaru 20 ina koyar da yaren Thai, kuma ga tsofaffi (sama da 55). kwarewata ita ce sun sha kayan motsa jiki da kyau sosai. Nan da nan na fara karatu da rubutu. matsakaicin ɗalibi zai iya karantawa bayan watanni 3. salam, f. taji….
kuna ba da yaren Thai a cikin Netherlands idan haka ne inda a cikin Netherlands - Ina sha'awar.
Bayan shekaru biyar na m, kusan kullum nazarin Thai, Ba zan iya cewa koyan ingantaccen Thai wani biredi ne. Akasin haka!
Ko da yake harshen ba shi da shari'o'i, akwai waɗannan sautunan 5 waɗanda ke sa shi da wahala sosai.
Kalmar da take da lafuzza iri ɗaya tana iya samun ma'anoni daban-daban. Dauki phan (tsakiyar), misali. Lokacin da ka biya a tsabar kudi yana nufin dubu ɗaya. Idan kuna kasuwa kuma kuna tambaya game da pomelos, yana nufin "nau'in" na pomelo. Idan kun kasance a cikin dakin gaggawa na asibiti, yana da game da "bandage". Amma wannan ba kome ba ne idan aka kwatanta da kalmomi kamar na'a (fadi) tare da akalla ma'anoni 6 masu dacewa. Kuma zan iya ba da misalai da dama.
Kuma a ƙarshe akwai rubutun da aka rubuta duka kalmomi tare.
Ra'ayi na: Thai yana da wuya fiye da Faransanci, Jamusanci da Ingilishi kuma yana cikin matakin "ƙwanƙwasa" na Latin, Girkanci da Ibrananci, Larabci.
Na yi imani cewa duk wanda ke zaune (semi) na dindindin a Tailandia yana da alhakin koyan yaren ƙasa da ɗanɗano. Ina ƙaura daga wannan ra'ayi: harshen yana da wuyar tambayar kowa.
Ina ci gaba da tafiya saboda ina son shi. Amma iska?
Na gode sosai!
Köb khoen muk atjaan Tino.
Duk farkon suna da wahala, kuma waɗannan sautuna daban-daban suna da ɗan ban tsoro a farkon, ta yaya ya kamata ku koyi gane duk waɗannan? Amma ta yin aiki da gajerun kalmomi na sau 2-3 don koyan gane sautuna daban-daban sannan ku koyi ainihin ƙamus a cikin gajerun jimloli sannan haruffa, ya kamata a iya yi. A zahiri kowa ya kamata ya iya koyon yare, kodayake yana taimakawa idan kun ji yaren da ke kewaye da ku kowace rana. Yara kuma suna koyon ainihin ƙamus na kalmomi maras kyau da jimloli.
Anan ga darasin yaren Thai inda mutum cikin sane yake koyarwa cikin nutsuwa, ƙarfafa sauti da motsi ba tare da fassarori ko bayani a cikin wani yare ba:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oIqIrEG6_y0
A hade tare da gina ƙamus, littafin Ronald Schütte yana da kyau don koyan nahawu. Tare da ƙamus na Moergestel da yaren Thai.
Kuma idan danginku ko abokin tarayya sun ga yana da ban mamaki ko wanda ba a so cewa kuna son koyon harshen sauran rabin ku ... to ƙararrawar ƙararrawa za ta tafi a gare ni. lokaci tare da abokin tarayya na Thai kuma kuna tsammanin ba lallai ba ne ko ba a so ya kamata shi ko ita ya kamata aƙalla ƙware tushen yaren Dutch? Yana da haɗari idan ƙaunataccenku zai iya yin aiki (na biyu) da kansa a cikin sabuwar ƙasar zama. 555
A ƙarshe na fara koyon yaren Thai watanni 2 da suka gabata, inda kyakkyawan jagora ke da mahimmanci. Shirin koyaushe shine cewa ƙaunata ta marigayi ta fara koyon Dutch kuma da zaran duk abubuwan haɗin kai sun ƙare za mu fara aiki akan Thai na sannan kuma Isan. Ta yarda da dukan zuciyarmu cewa yana da muhimmanci mu yi magana da yaren juna don mu yi magana da abokai, dangi, da sauransu.
Dear Tino, kyakkyawan ƙoƙari na samun duk waɗannan (Yaren mutanen Holland) suyi karatu don koyon yaren Thai. Ni ba wawa ba ne, a lokacin na sami difloma ta HBS-A tare da laude, tare da 10 don Faransanci, na 9 na Ingilishi da 8 na Jamusanci. Wato a shekarar 1967.
Ni kaina na kwashe fiye da shekaru biyu ina koyon harshen Thai. Na sayi abin da nake tsammanin kyakkyawan kwas ne na karatun kai ta hanyar NHA. Kyakkyawan hanya mai ƙarfi, tare da taimako mai yawa tare da lafazin (an haɗa ɗan wasan watsa labarai, tare da duk kalmomi da darussa a cikin lafazin lafazin Thai). Kowace rana na shafe fiye da sa'o'i 4 a kan darussan. Ban yi nasara ba. Zan iya rubutu da karantawa cikin harshen Thai, kodayake a hankali.
Na tsaya yanzu saboda ban sami wani ci gaba na gaske ba, ba ma iya bin labaran Thai ba. Ƙarin naƙasa: Ina zaune a Udon kuma babu Bangkok Thai da ake magana (sun fahimce shi), amma yawancin Thai suna jin Laotian.
Kuma na yanke shawarar ciyar da ragowar rayuwata akan wasu abubuwa banda yaren Thai.
A fili ya yi mini wuya.
Amma na yaba da ƙoƙarinku na shawo kan farang cewa ba haka ba ne mai wahala.
Gaisuwa,
Leo
Kwarewata tare da koyon Thai shine cewa yana da wuyar koyo. Idan an rubuta Thai a cikin ABC, da yawa farang za su iya koyon yaren cikin sauƙi. Hankalin da ke cikin rubutun ma yana da wuyar ganewa. Daga baya, Thaiwan suna amfani da nau'ikan rubutun su guda biyu, na gargajiya, na asali da na zamani, wanda kuma yana buƙatar nazari daban.
Sautunan suna da wahala ga kowa da kowa kuma wani lokacin ba a faɗi mafi kyau ba, sau da yawa yana da wuyar ƙwarewa.
Amma don samun damar yin magana da harshe kaɗan, ana buƙatar ƙamus. Tattaunawar asali kaɗan nan ba da jimawa ba na buƙatar ƙwarewar aƙalla kalmomi 1000 da nahawu na asali don kawo shi cikin haske. Wannan babban abin tuntuɓe ne ga mutane da yawa, domin kalmomin Thai gaba ɗaya baƙo ne a gare mu. Dole ne ku yaƙe su, don yin magana, don haɗa su cikin ƙamus ɗin ku na Thai. Don haka yi jimlolin Tino, tare da kalmomi 4 ko 6 da gaske kuna buƙatar ɗan lokaci don hakan.
Yanzu ga shekarun da za ku iya koyon harshe, na riga na yi shekaru sittin lokacin da na fara da yaren Thai.
Ina da fa'idar cewa na kammala karatuna daga baya a rayuwa don haka na saba da karatu.
Duk da haka, yawancin mutanen Holland da na sadu da su a nan Thailand sun yi aiki a cikin aikin gudanarwa a lokacin rayuwarsu ta aiki. Ƙananan masu aikin kai, taro, tallace-tallace, da dai sauransu.
The Concepts verb, suna nw. sifa da sauransu suna bayansu.
Bugu da kari, koyarwa ta Intanet galibi cikin Ingilishi ne. Don haka naƙasu biyu ga yawancin. Na fahimci cewa matsakaita, pensionado, ba ya damu da wannan magana kuma yana neman hanyoyin da zai ceci kansa a fannin harshe a nan Thailand.
Ƙarshe: Yaren Thai ya bayyana a matsayin ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan da ke da wuya a ci nasara ga mutane da yawa. Sharuɗɗan masu wahala ko masu sauƙi masu ƙarfi ne na sirri, sun dogara da ƙarfi ga tarihin kansu.
Ina da littattafan Paiboon + CD. Da farko na kwafi CD ɗin kuma na maye gurbin fassarar Turanci da fassarar Yaren mutanen Holland da na yi rikodin. Sau da yawa ana sake ziyartar mai kunna mp3 dina a hanya. Haka na koyi ƙamus.
Hukuncin… wannan wani labari ne. Zan iya faɗi kalmomin da sautin da ya dace… amma hakan bai isa ba. Musamman babban sautin da zan yi kuskure a cewar mata ta Thai…
Na yi amfani da rubutun sauti, amma yanzu ina koyon karatun Thai da gaske. Don taimakawa, Ina amfani da hanya iri ɗaya da na ainihin ɗaliban Thai(se): kalmomi sun rabu zuwa syllables. Wannan yana aiki lafiya yanzu. Kwanan nan mun sayi littafin karatun Thai/littafin karatu don ɗaliban aji 4 a Antwerp. Don haka da gaske shawarar. Ina tsammanin zan sayi ƙarin waɗannan littattafan a Thailand…
Ba zan yi magana game da rubutu ba na ɗan lokaci… ban shirya don hakan ba tukuna.
Fatan alheri ga duk mai son yin kokari 😉
Na kuskura in bayyana kaina a matsayin ɗan kyauta ga harsuna. Yi magana da Mutanen Espanya Faransanci Jamusanci Turanci da Fotigal da kyau.
Na bar Thai. Harshen tonal ne kuma kusan dole a haife ku da shi. Mutanen da suke da sha'awar kiɗa za su sami sauƙi.
Ina 60 lokacin da na fara shi kuma ina tsammanin hakan ya makara. Na cije hakora na a kai a zahiri kuma a zahiri. A kowane hali, lambobin sadarwa a Bangkok suna saurin canzawa zuwa Turanci.
A halin da ake ciki matata ta koyi Yaren mutanen Holland kuma ta fara koyon Turanci da kyau kuma hakan ya zama mafi kyau lokacin da nake jin yaren Thai.
Tare da lokacin da aka saki na fara kammala Ingilishi na har ma da kyau.
A kowane hali, shekarun koyon harshe suna taka muhimmiyar rawa, duk da haka mutum yana iya karkatar da shi ko juya shi. Yaro yana koyon lamba a shekara 2.
Zai iya zama abin koyo ga wasu mutane. Amma ina ba duk wanda ya girme shi shawarar ya manta da waɗannan bayanan. Domin ga mutane da yawa hakan ba zai yiwu ba. Ina jin Thai sosai bayan shekaru 19.
Amma ba zan iya samun waɗannan sautunan ba. Kunnuwana ba su isa haka ba. Kuma ina da mutane da yawa,
takaici ganin faduwa saboda surutai. Dauki kalmar kaaw. Zai iya zama shinkafa, fari, gwiwa, tara, shigo, tsoho, labarai, rubutu da sauransu. Lokacin da nake da aji na yi tunanin na sani. Amma rabin sa'a bayan darasi na sake rasa shi. Don haka na ga mutane da yawa sun daina fita.
Kuma bari mu fadi gaskiya nawa ka san masu magana da yaren da kyau.
Na san 2. Kuma na san farangs da yawa a Chiangmai
Har ma ina da ra'ayi mai ban mamaki cewa Thais suna da wahalar fahimtar kansu har ma a tsakanin su. Ya burge ni cewa Thais sau da yawa suna rashin fahimtar juna. Ina tsammanin yana da alaƙa da waɗannan sautunan.
Cita:
'Yaro yana koyon lamba a shekara 2'.
Gaskiya, ɗan'uwa. A wannan shekarun, yaro ya san kasa da kalmomi 500, har yanzu yana da ƙarancin furci kuma yana yin kurakurai da yawa na nahawu. Sai kawai a cikin shekaru 8 amfani da harshe ba shi da aibu. Wani dan kasar Holland mai shekaru 70 wanda ke karatun matsakaicin sa'a 1 a kowace rana kuma yana magana da yawa tare da yanayin yankin Thai na kusa, bayan shekaru 8, zai kasance kusan daidai da yaro ɗan shekara 8 a Netherlands. . Wataƙila tare da mafi muni.
A cikin kwarewata, wahalar koyon Thai ta ta'allaka ne a farkon. Kasancewar Thai ya zama yare daban-daban fiye da kowane harshe na Yamma ya sa ya zama babban abin tuntuɓe. Lokacin da kuka ɗauki littafin koyon Jamusanci, Faransanci, Sifen ko Ingilishi don yara, zaku iya ɗaukar kalmomin 'biri, goro, mies' da sauri. A cikin Thai, wannan kaɗai abin tuntuɓe ne.
Na kuma lura cewa mafi kyawun hanyar koyo ya bambanta sosai daga mutum zuwa mutum. Ɗayan ya fi son koya daga littafi sannan kuma nan da nan ya gwada shi a aikace (idan dama yana can), ɗayan ya koyi mafi kyau 1-on-1 tare da malami na gaske kuma ɗayan zai iya koyo sosai daga littattafan mai jiwuwa. Ni kaina ina cikin haɗakar ƙungiyoyi biyu na ƙarshe.
Ba zan ce ina jin kunya ba, amma ina da wuya in yi magana da wani yaren waje a cikin jama'a idan ba na da ɗan kwarin gwiwa ga abin da nake faɗa. Musamman a Tailandia inda ba za ku iya kunyatar da kanku kawai ba, har ma da wasu. Na fara da karatun audio daga Pimsleur. Kowane darasi na saurare sau da yawa kuma na maimaita duk jimloli / kalmomi kuma na yi rikodin su da na'urar rikodin murya ko kwamfutar tafi-da-gidanka. Ina kwatanta lafazin lafuzzana da lafuzzan darasin sauti kuma na ci gaba ne kawai lokacin da na gamsu da furcina kuma na fahimci abin da nake faɗa. Dole ne a faɗi cewa jin kanka yana magana da Thai tare da misalan da suka dace (audio) na iya zama abin ban dariya da gaske. Duk da haka, yana aiki sosai.
Wannan duk ya yi kyau da kyau kuma cikin kwanciyar hankali, amma babban koma baya na littafin mai jiwuwa shine gaskiyar cewa yayin da yake ba da tushe mai ƙarfi kuma yana ba ku ƙamus mai ma'ana, ba ya da ma'amala. Ana iya kwatanta shi da koyon lissafi; za ku iya haddace matsala gaba ɗaya, amma idan ba ku fahimci yadda take aiki ba kuma lambobin suna canzawa ba zato ba tsammani yayin da jimlar ta kasance iri ɗaya, ba za ku sami amsar da ta dace ba.
Lokacin da na shiga bangon nan, na ɗauki malami a hannu. Lafazin lafazin nawa ya kasance mai ma'ana kuma ƙamus ɗina sun yi kyau don sauƙin tattaunawar 'biki' kamar siyayya, odar abinci, a mashaya da ƙaramin magana (wannan shine, btw, burina na farko). Sai da na fara aiki akan yaren tare da malami na fara fahimtar yadda yake aiki. Sa'o'i 3 ne kawai a mako, amma yana da daɗi sosai. Na kuma yi matukar farin ciki da na riga na kafa harsashi da kaina.
Har yanzu ina magana nesa da cikakkiyar Thai, kuma mai yiwuwa ba zan taɓa yin hakan ba. Har yanzu akwai yanayi da yawa inda na koma kan 'Tinglish' (Turanci amma tare da nahawun Thai/tsarin jumla). Amma har yanzu yana da daɗi don yin. Kuma fuskokin abokaina na Thai da mutanen da na hadu da su lokacin da na fara magana da Thai ba zato ba tsammani suna yin ƙoƙari fiye da daraja. 🙂
Ni ma ba zan taba iya koyo ba. Amma a kai a kai sababbin kalmomi za su ci gaba da yawa. Ko da kawai don tambayar wani abu ne a cikin kantin sayar da… Ana godiya.
Na gode kwarai da wannan darasin yaren Tino.
Ina ƙoƙarin koyan yaren ɗan ɗan lokaci tare da nazarin kaina. Tun daga farko ina aiki lokaci guda akan ƙamus, lafazin magana, karatu da ƙaramin rubutu. Lokacin da na ji wata kalma kuma ina so in san yadda ake rubuta ta, saboda mutane da yawa suna faɗin rashin ƙarfi.
Koyon sauti daidai shima abin tuntuɓe ne a gare ni.
A farkon na koyi cewa: ๐ = o = matsakaici, ๐่ = ò = low, ๐้ = ô = fadowa, ๐๊ = ó = babba, ๐๋ = ǒ = tashi.
Duk da haka…. Nan da nan na gano cewa ba a yin amfani da alamar sauti akai-akai. Har ila yau, a cikin darasin ku na sama na ci karo da lokuta da yawa inda alamar sautin guda ɗaya zai iya samun sauti daban-daban. Ban iya gano wani tsari a cikinsa ba ya zuwa yanzu (idan akwai daya kwata-kwata).
Wataƙila za ku iya bayyana mani dalilin da ya sa wata alamar sautin ba ta da wata fa'ida mai ma'ana da kuma ko akwai ƙa'idar harshe don canza sautin wata alamar sautin.
Don misalta matsalar, na ɗauki ’yancin zana daga rubutun darasin harshen ku, a ɗauka cewa kun rubuta mafi yawansu daidai. Na sanya alamun tashin hankali a gaban maganar da ta kauce daga alamar sautin:
! นั้น (นี้) อะไร 'Nán (níe:) arai' 'What is that (this)?' [Mene ne bambanci tsakanin 'นั่น' da 'นั้น'?]: Ga alamar sautin resp. saukowa (๐้), (saukarwa (๐้)) da tsakiya (๐), amma shine furcin resp. high (๐๊), (high (๐๊)) da kuma tsakiya (๐).
! นั่น เรียก ว่า อะไร 'Nán rîeak wâa arai' 'Me ake kira?': Ga alamar sautin resp. low (๐่), tsakiya (๐), low (๐่) da tsakiya (๐), amma shine furcin resp. babba (๐๊), faɗuwa (๐้), faɗuwa (๐้), da tsakiya (๐).
! พูด (ถาม) นี้ แบบ ใหน 'Phôe:t (thǎam) níe baep nǎi' 'Yaya ka ce (tambayi) wannan?': Ga alamar sautin resp. tsakiya (๐), (tsakiyar (๐)), fadowa (๐้), tsakiya (๐) da tsakiya (๐), amma shine furcin resp. fadowa (๐้), (tashi (๐๋)), high (๐๊), tsakiya (๐), da tashi (๐๋).
ข้าว 'khâaw' 'shinkafa': Alamar sautin tana faɗuwa (๐้) kuma lafazin kuma yana faɗuwa (๐้).
! ขาว 'khǎaw' 'farar': Alamar sautin tana tsakiya (๐), amma lafazin yana hawa (๐๋).
ข่าว 'khàaw' '(the) news': Alamar sautin ba ta da ƙarfi (๐่) kuma lafazin yana da ƙasa (๐่).
เสี้อ 'sûua' 'tufa, riga': Alamar sauti tana faɗuwa (๐้) kuma lafazin yana faɗuwa (๐้).
! เสีอ 'sǔua' 'damisa': Alamar sautin tana tsakiya (๐), amma lafazin yana hawa (๐๋).
เสี่อ 'sùua' 'matje' (wanda ake cin abinci akansa): Alamar sauti ƙasa ce (๐่) kuma lafazin yana da ƙasa (๐่).
! ฟ้า 'fáa' 'sky': Alamar sautin tana faɗuwa (๐้), amma furucin yana da girma (๐๊).
ตา 'taa', 'ido, grandpa (bangaren uwa)': Alamar sautin ita ce tsakiya (๐) kuma lafazin ma tsakiya ne (๐).
! ม้า 'máa' 'doki': Alamar sautin tana faɗuwa (๐้), amma furucin yana da girma (๐๊).
! ช้า 'cháa' 'a hankali': Alamar sautin tana faɗuwa (๐้), amma furucin yana da girma (๐๊).
! ฟ้า 'fáa' 'sky': Alamar sautin tana faɗuwa (๐้), amma furucin yana da girma (๐๊).
! ค้า 'kháa' 'saya da siyarwa': Alamar sautin tana faɗuwa (๐้), amma lafazin yana da girma (๐๊).
ห้า 'hâa' 'biyar (555 dariya ne)': Alamar sautin faɗuwa (๐้) kuma lafazin yana faɗuwa (๐้).
! ล่า 'lâa' 'don farauta': Alamar sauti ba ta da ƙarfi (๐่), amma lafazin yana faɗuwa (๐้).
ป้า 'pâa' 'tsohuwar inna': Alamar sauti tana faɗuwa (๐้) kuma lafazin yana faɗuwa (๐้).
บ้า 'bâa' 'mahaukaci': Alamar sautin tana faɗuwa (๐้) kuma furucin shima yana faɗuwa (๐้).
ผ้า 'phaa' 'tufa': Alamar sautin tana faɗuwa (๐้) kuma lafazin yana faɗuwa (๐้).
! หมา'mǎa' 'kare': Alamar sauti ta tsakiya (๐), amma lafazin yana hawan (๐๋).
! หนา 'nǎa' 'kauri (na abubuwa)': Alamar sauti ta tsakiya (๐), amma lafazin yana hawan (๐๋).
! หา 'hǎa' 'neman wani': Alamar sautin tana tsakiya (๐), amma lafazin yana hawa (๐๋).
! ฝา 'fǎa' 'lid, flap': Alamar sautin tana tsakiya (๐), amma lafazin yana hawa (๐๋).
! ม้า มา ช้า 'máa maa cháa' 'Dokin yana zuwa a hankali.': Alamar sautin suna resp. faɗuwa (๐้), tsakiya (๐) da faɗuwa (๐้), amma lafazin lafazin yana resp. babba (๐๊), tsakiya (๐) da babba (๐๊).
! ตา ล่า หมา 'taa lâa mǎa' 'Kaka yana farautar karnuka.': Alamar sautin suna resp. tsakiya (๐), ƙananan (๐่) da kuma tsakiya (๐), amma lafazin lafazin nasa ne. tsakiya (๐), faduwa (๐้) da tashi (๐๋).
! หมา หา ม้า 'mǎa hǎa máa' 'Kare yana neman doki.': Alamar sautin suna resp. tsakiya (๐), tsakiya (๐) da faɗuwa (๐้), amma lafazin lafazin nadawa ne. tashi (๐๋), tashi (๐๋), da kuma babba (๐๊).
! ตา บ้า มา ช้า 'taa bâa maa cháa' 'Mahaukacin kakan yana zuwa a hankali.': Alamar sautin suna resp. tsakiya (๐), faɗuwa (๐้), tsakiya (๐) da faɗuwa (๐้), amma lafazin yana resp. tsakiya (๐), saukowa (๐้), tsakiya (๐), da babba (๐๊).
! ยาย หา ป้า 'jaai hǎa pâa' 'Goggo tana neman auntie.': Alamar sautin suna resp. tsakiya (๐), tsakiya (๐) da faɗuwa (๐้), amma lafazin lafazin nadawa ne. tsakiya (๐), tashi (๐๋) da faɗuwa (๐้).
! คุณขาย ตั๋ว ไหม ครับ 'Khoen khǎai tǒea mái khráp' 'Shin kuna siyar da tikiti?': Alamomin sauti suna resp. tsakiya (๐), tsakiya (๐), tashi (๐๋), tsakiya (๐) da tsakiya (๐), amma lafazin lafazin nadawa ne. tsakiya (๐), tashi (๐๋), tashi (๐๋), babba (๐๊), da babba (๐๊).
! น้ำ 'náam' 'ruwa': Sautin alamar saukowa (๐้), pronunciation high (๐๊).
นำ 'dauki' 'lead, precede': Tone sign middle (๐), pronunciation middle (๐).
โต๊ะ 'tó' 'tebur': Sautin alamar high (๐๊), pronunciation high (๐๊).
โต 'ma' 'babban': Alamar sautin tsakiya (๐), lafazin lafazin tsakiya (๐).
ติ 'tie' (gajeren) 'don sukar, tsawa': Alamar sautin tsakiya (๐), pronunciation tsakiya (๐).
ตี 'tie:' (dogon) 'don buge': Alamar sauti ta tsakiya (๐), furucin tsakiya (๐).
! พุทธ 'phóet' (gajeren) 'Buddha': Alamar sauti ta tsakiya (๐), babban lafazin (๐๊).
! พูด 'phoe:t' (lang) 'magana': Alamar murya ta tsakiya (๐), furucin saukowa (๐้).
ตา 'taa' 'ido': Alamar sautin tsakiya (๐), pronunciation middle (๐).
! ท่า 'thâa (d)' 'tashar jiragen ruwa, jetty': Alamar sautin ƙasa (๐่), furucin saukowa (๐้).
ตี 'tie:' 'buga': Alamar murya ta tsakiya (๐), tsakiyar magana (๐).
! ที่ 'thîe:' 'wuri, sarari, te, in': Alamar sautin ƙasa (๐่), furci na saukowa (๐้).
ป่า 'pàa' 'forest': Sautin alamar ƙasa (๐่), ƙaramar magana (๐่).
ผ้า 'phaa' 'tufa': Sautin alamar faɗuwa (๐้), faɗuwar magana (๐้).
ปู 'poe:' 'kaguwa ko Yingluck': Alamar sautin tsakiya (๐), pronunciation tsakiya (๐).
ผู้ 'phoe:' 'mutum': Sautin alamar faɗuwa (๐้), faɗuwar magana (๐้).
เก้า 'kâaw' 'nine': Tone sign falling (๐้), pronunciation falling (๐้).
ข้าว 'khâaw' 'shinkafa': Sautin alamar fadowa (๐้), furcin fadowa (๐้).
กา 'kaa' 'crow' ('kaa,kaa'): Alamar sautin tsakiya (๐), furucin tsakiya (๐).
! ฆ่า 'khâa' 'don kashe, kisan kai': Sautin alamar ƙasa (๐่), pronunciation falling (๐้).
! ไม้ ใหม่ ไม่ ไหม้ 'Maai mài mâi mâi '(resp. itace sabo ba kona) 'Sabuwar itace ba kona': Tone marks are resp. fadowa (๐้), low (๐่), low (๐่) da faɗuwa (๐้), furucin shine resp. high (๐๊), low (๐่), faɗuwa (๐้) da faɗuwa (๐้).
Wannan bambancin sautunan yana da alaƙa da ajin harafi. Wani aji, wani tasiri na alamar sautin akan sautin. Da alama ya bambanta a baya mai nisa, to, alamar sautin koyaushe tana nuna sauti iri ɗaya.
Don azuzuwan haruffa, duba shafukan misalin Ronald a kasan wannan shafin yanar gizon: http://www.slapsystems.nl/Boek-De-Thaise-Taal/voorbeeld-pagina-s/
Cita:
"A farkon na koyi cewa: ๐ = o = matsakaici, ๐่ = ò = low, ๐้ = ô = fadowa, ๐๊ = ó = high, ๐๋ = ǒ = tashi."
Dear Theo,
Ina yi muku fatan alheri da karatun ku.
Kuna ɗaga ɗaya daga cikin batutuwa masu wahala da wahala a cikin alaƙar rubutu da lafazin magana. Wannan ba keɓantacce ga Thai ba, ku kula. Yaren mutanen Holland ma suna da wannan, amma ba mu kara fahimtar hakan ba. Za a iya rubuta sautin shiru-e- ta hanyoyi 5 cikin Yaren mutanen Holland: –e- (de); -ee- (a (gida)); -ij- (mai dadi); -i- (mai kyau) da -u- (Tinus). Amma sai Thai.
Ƙarnuka kaɗan da suka gabata alamun sautin koyaushe suna nuna sauti iri ɗaya, kamar yadda kuke ɗauka a sama. Ba kuma, kuma wannan yana bayyana matsalar da kuka ambata a sama. Wace alamar sautin ce ke wakiltar wane sautin ya dogara da nau'in baƙar fata alamar sautin a sama. Alamar sauti iri ɗaya na iya nuna sautuna daban-daban.
Akwai nau'ikan baƙaƙe guda uku a cikin Thai: babban aji (misali ขสถ), matsakaicin aji (misali กตด) da ƙaramin aji, mafi yawa (misali งลท). Don cikakken jerin dole ne ku buga littattafan. Yawancin suna koyon ƙaramin adadin baƙaƙe na babba da na tsakiya, sauran su ne ƙananan baƙaƙe masu yawa.
Alamun sautin murya guda biyu kawai suna bayyana a gareni a matsayin baƙaƙe masu daraja: อ๊ de máai trie kuma yana nuna babban sautin, misali ก๊อก kohk famfo ruwa. อ๋ máai tjàttàwaa yana ba da sautin tashi zuwa, misali, katin tǒea.
Sai อ่ máai èek. Wannan yana ba da sautin faɗuwa ga ƙananan masu daraja, misali ย่า jâa oma (bangaren uba), amma ga baƙaƙen masu girma da na tsakiya ƙananan sautin, misali ไข่ khài een ei.
A ƙarshe, อ้ máai tho. Wannan yana ba da sauti mai girma ga ƙananan masu daraja, misali ม้า máa doki, kuma ga masu girma da na tsakiya sautin faɗuwa, misali ข้าว khaaw shinkafa.
Don haka waɗannan alamun sautin biyu na ƙarshe suna nuna sautuna daban-daban a cikin nau'ikan baƙaƙe daban-daban guda uku.
Kamar yadda malamina ya lura cikin raha, mu Thais mun sanya rubuce-rubuce da wahala har ku farang ba za ku iya sarrafa shi ba. Aikin ku ne ku tabbatar da akasin haka.
Dabaru mai sauƙi don ƙayyade sautin:
tuna baƙaƙe 3 (A) da lambobin alamun sautin (B).
A: 3 baƙaƙe, 1 daga kowace rukunin sautin:
hŏoh hìip (Ƙungiyoyin masu girma-ƙananan/haɓaka)
dooh dèk (daidai ko matsakaici-ƙananan rukunin sautin tsakiya)
hooh nók hûuk (daidai ko tsaka-tsaki-tsaka-tsaki / rukunin ƙananan murya)
Harafin (hŏoh, dooh, hooh) ya yi daidai da ma'anar rai (ba ta ƙare da ɗan gajeren wasali ko sautin k,p,t; kalmar da ke da alaƙa da wannan baƙar fata (hìip, dèk, nók hûuk) ta yi daidai da sautin rai. Tare da ƙananan sautin baƙar fata, ana bambanta tsakanin gajeriyar sila da dogon sauti.
B: lambobin alamun sautin 4:
1 = kasa
2 = sauka
3 = babba
4 = tashi
3 da 4 suna faruwa ne kawai a haɗe tare da baƙaƙen rukunin sautin tsakiya don haka ƙayyade lafazin saƙar.
Idan babu alamar sautin to doka A ta shafi, in ba haka ba dokar B ta shafi.
Dokar B: Idan harafin yana cikin ƙungiyar sautin mai girma ko ƙungiyar sautin ta tsakiya, sautin yayi daidai da alamar sautin. Idan harafin yana cikin rukunin ƙananan sautin, to dole ne ku ƙara 1, don haka alamar ƙaramar sautin ta zama faɗuwar sautin kuma alamar sautin faɗuwa ta zama babbar sautin.
Bugu da kari, dole ne kawai ku tuna da baƙaƙe na ƙungiyar sautin sauti da na rukunin tsakiyar sautin. Sauran kuma suna cikin rukunin ƙananan sautin.
Zai iya zama mai sauƙi. Sa'a!
Gyara:
kalmar da ke haɗe da waccan baƙar magana (hìip, dèk, nók hûuk) ta yi daidai da harafin MUTUWA.
Na gode da bayanin Rob V., Tino Kuis da Daniël M..
Na ji labarin azuzuwan haruffa, amma ban san abin da zan yi da su ba.
Bayan bayanin ku da nazari, na sake shiga cikin misalan a cikin aji. Tare da ilimin da aka samu yanzu, ina tsammanin ya kamata a inganta sautunan da ke cikin misalai masu zuwa daga darasin kamar haka. (Ina fata an nuna haruffa na musamman daidai.):
นั้น เรียก ว่า อะไร 'Nán rîeak wâa arai' 'What's it called?': น้=low class+falling => high(ó), class = low class+falling => high(ó), tsakiya > saukowa(ô), อ=tsakiyar aji => tsakiya(o). So 'Nán rieak wa'a arai'
พูด (ถาม) นี้ แบบ ใหน 'Phôe:t (thǎam) níe baep nǎi' 'Yaya kake cewa (tambaya) wannan?': พ=ƙananan aji => tsakiya(o), ( พ=matsayi = matsakaici (o), ( ǒ)), น้=ƙananan aji + faɗuwa => babba (ó), บ=tsakiyar aji => tsakiya(o), ห= babban aji => tashi(ǒ). So 'Phoe:t (thǎam) níe baep nǎi'
คุณขาย ตั๋ว ไหม ครับ 'Khoen khǎai tǒea mái khráp' 'Shin kuna siyar da tikiti?': ค=ƙananan aji => tsakiya(o), raira = > tashi ( ǒ), ห = babban aji => tashi (ǒ), ค= low class => tsakiya(o). So 'Khoen khǎai tǒea mǎi khrap'
พุทธ 'phóet'(gajeren) 'Buddha': พ= low class => tsakiya(o). Don haka 'phot'.
พูด 'phoe:t'(lang) 'domin magana': พ=low class => tsakiya(o). So 'phoe:t'.
Shin na samu daidai, ko akwai ƙarin kamanni na harshe a nan?
Da fatan zaɓin amsa zai kasance a buɗe dadewa.
PS @Tino: Shin Grunnings ne na yau da kullun don furta kalmar da kyau a matsayin 'earthug' (kamar 'saro')? Ina magana. fita a matsayin 'mai kyau' (tare da -i-) 😉
Na kuma yi tunanin na fahimci cewa "ku" a Groningen ba ku san bambancin sauti tsakanin -ch- da -g- kuma suna furta duka a matsayin "hard" -g-.