tafiye-tafiyen Sarki Chulalongkorn da kuma musamman ɗan gajeren zamansa a Netherlands

A cikin kowane gidan Thai yana rataye hoton Sarki Chulalongkorn, Rama V. Yawancin lokaci sanye da kayan ado na Yammacin Turai, yana alfahari yana kallon duniya. Kuma da kyakkyawan dalili.

Ana kiransa da Sarki Chulalongkorn mai girma saboda irin gudunmawar da ya bayar wajen kawo sauyi da zamanantar da kasar Thailand da kuma irin kyaututtukan diflomasiyya da ya ceci kasar Thailand daga hannun turawan yamma.

Bayan dan takaitaccen zayyana rayuwarsa, sai mu bi shi kan tafiye-tafiye da ya yi, na farko a Asiya, daga baya kuma zuwa Turai. 'Neman Siwilai (wayewa)', 'Neman Wayewa' mutanen zamaninsa suna kiransa.

Wannan ya biyo bayan rahotannin labarai guda biyu game da ziyararsa a Netherlands (Satumba 1897) daga jaridun Holland.

Takaitaccen tsarin rayuwarsa

Chulalongkorn dan Sarki Mongkut ne kuma an haife shi a ranar 20 ga Satumba, 1853. Mahaifinsa, da kansa ya kamu da kwayar cutar kimiyyar Yammacin Turai, ya ba shi ilimi mai zurfi, sau da yawa daga malaman Turai irin su Anna Leonowens. An ce ya iya Turanci da Faransanci sosai.

A shekara ta 1867, mahaifinsa da ɗansa sun yi tafiya zuwa kudu don ganin husufin rana. Dukansu sun kamu da zazzabin cizon sauro, Mongkut bai tsira ba don haka Chulalongkorn ya zama sarki yana da shekaru goma sha biyar (1868). Bayan mulkin shekaru biyar da ɗan lokaci a matsayin ɗan zuhudu, a ƙarshe ya sami sarauta a 1873.

Ko a lokacin, bayan tafiye-tafiye da dama zuwa Asiya, ya gamsu cewa Thailand na bukatar yin gyara. Juriya daga masu fada aji ya sa wannan tsari ya tafi da katantanwa da farko. Amma daga 1880 Chulalongkorn ya kwace dukkan iko kuma aka haifi cikakken sarauta.

Gyaran da ya yi na da yawa. Ya kafa tsarin mulki a kan Yammacin Turai, ko kuma a kan tsarin mulkin mallaka, wanda a karon farko ya ba da ikonsa a kan dukan Thailand. Ya kawar da bauta da bautar gumaka. Ya kafa rundunar soji da ’yan sanda masu nagarta da ke taimaka wa Arewa da Arewa maso Gabas ‘yan mulkin mallaka na cikin gida. Ya inganta ilimi kuma a hankali ya gabatar da ayyukan addinin Buddah na Bangkok a duk kasar.

Ya yi nasara, tare da wasu rangwame na yankuna, wajen dakile turawan mulkin mallaka, Faransa da Ingila. Bangkok na daya daga cikin biranen farko a duniya da ke da wutar lantarki, kuma an fara samar da ababen more rayuwa kamar layukan telegraph, hanyoyi da layin dogo. Wannan jeri bai cika ba. Ya sami wahayi ga duk waɗannan canje-canje a cikin tafiye-tafiye da yawa da muka tattauna yanzu.

Na farko ya yi tafiya a Asiya, 1871-1896

Daga ranar 9 ga Maris zuwa 15 ga Afrilu, 1871, Chulalongkorn, dan shekara 18 a lokacin, tare da tawagar mutane 208, sun yi balaguron nazari zuwa Java, ta kasar Singapore. Shi ne sarkin Siame na farko da ya fara shiga wajen kasarsa a lokacin zaman lafiya. A kan Java zai fi yin nazarin tsarin mulkin mallaka na Dutch a cikin Daular Insulinde.

A karshen 1871 zuwa 1872, tare da rakiyar maza 40, ya tafi ziyarar karatu na kwanaki 92 zuwa Melaka, Burma da musamman Indiya inda ya yi tafiya a kan hanyar jirgin kasa ta Imperial ta Delhi daga Calcutta zuwa Bombay. Har ila yau, a yanzu an yi niyya ne don duba yadda ake gudanar da mulkin Birtaniya a Indiya.

A shekarun 1888 da 1890, sarki mai shekaru 35 a duniya, ya yi tattaki zuwa lardunan arewacin Malaysia, irin su Kelatan, Pattani, Penang da Kedah, sannan kuma har yanzu Siamese, kan aikin diflomasiyya yayin da turawan Ingila suka ci gaba a wannan yanki.

A cikin 1896 zai sake ziyartar Java, inda ya fi so, na ɗan lokaci, yanzu tare da sarauniyarsa ta farko, Saowapha.

Duk waɗannan tafiye-tafiyen sun kasance tushen zaburarwa ga Chulalongkorn a gyare-gyaren baya.

Tafiya zuwa Turai 1897 da 1907

Waɗannan tafiye-tafiyen sun kasance da gaba ɗaya daban-daban daga waɗanda suka gabata. Babu sauran tafiye-tafiyen karatu, sai dai nasarorin hukuma da nasara wadanda suka tabbatar da ikon Siam a matsayin kasa ta zamani da ci gaba a kan (kusan) daidai da kasashen Turai.

Chulalongkorn ya bar Bangkok a kan tafiyarsa ta farko a 1897 a ranar 7 ga Afrilu kuma ya koma Siam a ranar 16 ga Satumba na waccan shekarar. Ya sauka a Venice sannan ya ziyarci kasashen Turai 14 ciki har da Rasha. A Jamus ya dauki wani lokaci a Baden Baden don jinyar cutar koda da zai mutu a 1910.

Ya ziyarci Nederland daga Litinin 6 zuwa Alhamis 9 Satumba 1897. Ya ci abinci tare da Sarauniya Regent Emma da Sarauniya Wilhelmina (sai mai shekaru 17) a Het Loo Palace kuma ya yi yawon shakatawa ta Amsterdam. An ba da labarin hakan sosai a jaridun Holland. Dubi rahotannin jaridu biyu a kasa.

Tafiya a cikin 1907, wanda ya wuce fiye da watanni 7, bai kasance a hukumance ba, kodayake har yanzu ya sanya hannu kan wata yarjejeniya a Paris kan musayar yankuna. Larduna biyu na arewa, Siem Reap da Battambang a Cambodia a yau sun tafi Faransa, kuma wani yanki a yammacin Mekong da ke kusa da Loei kusa da Chanthaburi da Traat ya tafi Siam.

A Mannheim ya ziyarci nunin fasahar zamani tare da masu sha'awar gani kamar Van Gogh da Gauguin.

A wannan tafiyar ya rubuta wasiƙu zuwa ɗaya daga cikin 'ya'yansa mata 30, waɗanda daga baya aka buga su a cikin littafi mai suna Klai Bâan 'Far from Home'.

Sarki Chulalongkorn ya kasance mai ban dariya. A lokacin liyafar cin abinci tare da dangin sarauta na Danish, Gimbiya Marie ta tambaye shi dalilin da yasa yake da mata da yawa. "Malam kenan saboda ban had'u da ke ba a lokacin" ya amsa a hatse.

Karatunsa a 'Grand Palace' kullum yana haskakawa har dare, mutum ne mai himma da basira.

Sarki Chulalongkorn ya mutu a ranar 23 ga Oktoba, 1910, yana da shekaru 57 kacal, daga cutar koda, ya bar yara 71 da wata kasa da ba a san ta ba. Ana bikin wannan rana kowace shekara a Thailand. Wan Piyá Máhǎarâat ana kiran wannan ranar, Ranar Babban Masoyinmu Mai Girma. Wani girmamawa na musamman ya girma a kusa da mutuminsa, musamman saboda masu tasowa na tsakiya.

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Jaridar Arewa

Vrijdag 10 Satumba 1897

Ziyara mai wucewa

Daga Amsterdam sun rubuto mana a ranar Laraba:

Somdetsch phra para less maha Chulalongkorn ya kasance anan. Ba ku sani ba? To, shi ma ba abokinmu ba ne: amma mun gan shi, Hosanna! Shi ne HM Sarkin Siam.

Karfe sha biyu da rabi HM ta iso nan, tare da rakiyar gyale mai ruwan kasa. Hakimin garin da wasu jiga-jigai biyu ne suka tarbi manyan baki, inda nan da nan suka tafi da motocinsu domin yawon bude ido. An yi abincin rana a 't Amstel Hotel. Sa'an nan kuma wani yawon shakatawa da kuma kan wannan yawon shakatawa ya ziyarci Rijks-Museum. Taskar kayan zane-zane da tarin abubuwa masu daraja dole ne sun motsa baƙi sosai. Daga nan zuwa masana'antar yanke lu'u-lu'u ta Mr. Coster a Zwanenburgerstraat. An nuna akan tebur don lu'u-lu'u miliyan! Sarakunan musamman sun sami niƙa da rarrabuwa, a takaice, duk masana'antar suna da ban sha'awa sosai kuma sun nemi katin adireshin kamfanin. Shin oda zai biyo baya?

Don ba da wani ra'ayi na kasuwanci motsi a cikin birnin, mun kuma kori tare da Handelskade da Ruyterkade. Komawa tashar karfe uku da rabi. Tabbas akwai mutane da yawa a jere a kan hanyar. Ba alamar sha'awa ba, duk da haka; Wanne, ta hanyar, yana da fahimta: bai haskaka isa ba! HM ya yi ado da sauƙi; a siyasa da sanya farar hula; Retin nasa ya ɗauki babban gefe. Sai muka ji huci daga mace: 'Sarki kenan? babu abin arziki!' Ba za ta taba karanta cewa ZM yana samun kudin shiga na miliyan 24 a shekara ba.

Ziyarar sarauta ta kare. Kuma sakamakon haka? Mu yi fatan fadada dangantakarmu ta kasuwanci; wannan wani abu ne na gaba. Kuma a halin yanzu mun riga mun sami kaya mai kyau - Sarkin ya ce a teburin cewa yana so ya sha wahala a Holland da Holland! - kaya mai kyau na ribbons da giciye. Minista De Beaufort, wanda muka lura a cikin karusa na huɗu, an riga an yi masa jaki. Mista Pierson, kuma yana nan, ba zai iya tsammanin komai ba. Ketelaar ba ya nan, in ba haka ba…….

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New Amsterdam Courant

Jaridar Kasuwanci ta Gabaɗaya

Lahadi 5 ga Satumba, 1897 (Bugu na yamma)

Ziyarar Sarkin Siyama

Mai Martaba Paraminda Maha Chulalongkorn, Sarkin Siam Arewa da Kudu da kuma na dukkan Dogara, Sarkin Lates, Malays, Karen, da dai sauransu mazaunin, inda wannan sarki na Gabashin zai zauna har zuwa ranar Alhamis 2 ga Disamba.

Kamar yadda aka riga aka ruwaito, sarkin na tare da ’yan’uwansa maza, sarakuna Svasti Sobhana da Svasti Mahisza a ziyarar tasa.

An kafa retin HM daga cikin manyan mutane masu zuwa: Janar Phya Siharaja Tep, Adjutant Janar na HM; shugaban kotun Phya Suriyaraja ko Bijai; darektan Mr. Ms. majalisar ministocin kasar Phya Srisdi; Laftanar Kanar Phra Ratanakosa Majalisar Dokoki mai wakiltar Ma'aikatar Harkokin Waje; Nai Cha Yuad, chamberlain; kyaftin Laang; chambermaid Nai Rajana; mataimakin sakataren majalisar ministoci Nai Bhirma Page.

Har ila yau, an ƙara wa yarima akwai Yarima Charoon na Nares.

Marquis De Maha Yota, Wakilin Siam a Landan, shi ma an ba da izini ga Kotunmu, tare da Messrs. Loftus, Attaché-Interpreter, da Verney, Sakataren Turanci na Siamese Legation, za su kasance cikin masu jiran gadon sarki yayin zamansa a The Netherlands.

Manufar ita ce Sarkin zai ziyarci Sarakunan Sarauniya a fadar Het Loo a ranar Talata 7 ga Disamba, yayin da Laraba za a yi niyya don ziyarar Amsterdam. Dangane da ɗan gajeren lokacin Zr. Ms. Ku zauna a nan ƙasar, kada ku ƙara samun dama.

Daga baya mun ji cewa Talata mai zuwa za a tarbi Sarkin Siam a wurin Loo kuma za a yi babban liyafar cin abinci a wurin.

- Maimaita saƙo -