Homan van der Heide ya ɗauki ruwan zuwa teku

Ɗaya daga cikin mafi mahimmanci kuma masu tasiri a cikin Siam shine injiniyan da aka manta da shi JH Homan van der Heide. Hakika, labarinsa ya fara ne a shekara ta 1897. A wannan shekarar, sarkin Siame Chulalongkorn ya kai ziyarar gani da ido a kasar Netherlands.

Wannan ziyarar wani bangare ne na rangadin da Turawa ke yi wa Sarkin Siamese, wanda ya hada da Birtaniya, Jamus da Rasha. An yi niyya ba wai don karfafa alakar diflomasiyya da kasashen yammacin duniya ba ne a yayin wannan tafiya, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, a'a, don samun sabani, da kuma samun haske, game da binciken kimiyya na baya-bayan nan, da nasarorin da masana'antu suka samu.

Bayan haka, Chulalongkorn ya kuduri aniyar zaburar da Siam a kan karagar mulki da kuma jagorantar mulkinsa cikin tsanaki zuwa karni na ashirin. Sarauniya Wilhelmina ’yar shekara 17 ta karbe shi da dukkan girmamawa. A yayin wannan ziyarar ta jaha, Chulalongkorn ya burge sosai da ayyukan injiniyoyin injinan ruwa na kasar Holland, irin su ma'aunin ruwa, tashoshi da aikin ban ruwa da ya iya gani a yayin ziyarar tasa.

Shirya da sarrafa sarrafa ruwa matsala ce da ba ta saba da Siamese ba, musamman a Bangkok. Kamar dai yadda mazauna Ƙasashen Ƙasashe, Siamese sun kasance suna gwagwarmayar jaruntaka tsawon shekaru aru-aru don adawa da ikon ruwa, wanda, kamar yadda a cikin ƙananan ƙasashe, yana da mahimmanci ga tattalin arziki da samar da abinci. Bisa ga bukatar kotun Siamese, gungun injiniyoyin injiniyoyin ruwa na kasar Holland, karkashin jagorancin babban injiniya JH Homan van der Heide, sun zo don taimakawa Siamese gina magudanan ruwa da makullai tsakanin 1902 zuwa 1909.

Homan van der Heide ƙwararren injiniya ne daga Rijkswaterstaat wanda ya kammala karatunsa a Delft kuma ya yi aiki a cikin Indies Gabas ta Holland tun 1894. Mutum zai iya faɗi da yawa game da mutumin, amma tabbas ba zai yi iƙirarin cewa malalaci ne ba. A cikin bazara na 1903, kasa da shekara guda bayan ya fara taka ƙafarsa a Bangkok a ranar 13 ga Yuni, 1902, ya rigaya, bisa buƙatar Majalisar Sarakunan Siamese, ya karanta Chulalongkorn. Sashen Ban ruwa sanya ƙafafu. Wani aiki na gudanarwa da na kungiya wanda ya biyo bayan tuhuma daga Birtaniya, wadanda za su so su gudanar da wannan aikin da kansu, al'amarin da ke kara karfin su a kotun Siamese. Ƙaunar ƙin jinin Birtaniyya da babban injiniyan ɗan ƙasar Holland ya ɗauka har tsawon rayuwarsa ya samo asali ne daga nan, domin injiniyoyin Birtaniya da ke Bangkok a kai a kai suna ƙoƙarin saka shi cikin kwandon ko kuma su tozarta shi da abokan cinikinsa.

Ba ’yan Burtaniya ba ne kawai suka fusata da Homan van der Heide. Yana da, ba gaba ɗaya zalunci ba, suna na kasancewarsa cike da kansa kuma ya kasance mai tsauri a cikin aikinsa. Yatsan yatsan yatsan yatsa ya kasance a bayyane koyaushe (5555). Don haka ba abin mamaki ba ne don ya taka yatsu masu yawan gaske a lokacin zamansa a Siam. Sannan kuma ba na magana a boye da hassada na wasu manyan jami'an kasar Siyama da mahukuntan kasar da suke daukarsa a matsayin wani dan kasa. mai turawa ko mafi muni, dauke da barazana.

Bayan haka, ba wai kawai ya sami nasarar kafa sashen da ke aiki mai kyau ba cikin kankanin lokaci, amma kuma ya yi nasarar gudanar da wani gagarumin nazari na fage ga daukacin basin na Chao Praya, tushen rayuwar Siam. Wannan binciken ya haifar da kyakkyawan tsari mai suna Grand Model. Babban shirin ban ruwa wanda ba wai kawai ya samar da hekta 1902 na kasa a cikin shekaru 10 ba, kuma ya mayar da shi gonakin shinkafa mai albarka, amma kuma ya samar wa Bangkok mai saurin girma da ruwan sha. Wannan shirin ya tanadi, a tsakanin sauran abubuwa, don gina babban madatsar ruwa a Chainat da kuma gina dunƙule dunƙule da ƙarin tashoshi na magudanun ruwa.

Daga ƙarshe, tsare-tsaren na Grand Model sun lalace. Daya daga cikin manyan dalilan da suka haifar da hakan shi ne rashin daukar wani mataki mai karfi da ministan noma Chao Phraya Thewet ya yi, wanda a wani bangare saboda saukin cewa ba shi da masaniya kan lamarin kwata-kwata, bai ga babba ba musamman ma. hadaddun tsarin ban ruwa na ɗan ƙasar Holland. don zama. Sa'an nan kuma, ba shakka, akwai gasa yankan zumunci da fafatawa na Siam Land, Canals da Kamfanin Ban Ruwa. Wani kamfani mai zaman kansa da mai saka jari dan kasar Ostiriya Erwin Müller ya kafa jim kadan kafin isowar injiniyoyin kasar Holland tare da goyon bayan manyan jami'ai da manyan jami'an kasar ta Siamese. Wannan ƙaƙƙarfan haɗin gwiwa, wanda aka sani a cikin hanyoyin kamar yadda Borisat ko an san 'Kamfanin', ya yi tasiri mai yawa akan gwamnati da da'irar kotu kuma ya sami damar jinkirta ko ma hana manyan sassan tsare-tsaren Dutch. Koyaya, wannan baya nufin cewa aikin JH Homan van der Heide bai da mahimmanci, akasin haka. Ba wai kawai ya haɓaka shirye-shiryen sabbin magudanar ruwa da makullai ba, har ma, duk da toshewar wasu, ya bar wani yanki mai mahimmanci na magudanar ruwa da ake da su. klongs gyara da fadada a ciki da kuma kusa da babban birnin kasar.

A cikin kaka na 1909 kwangila na Dutch injiniyoyi a Siam ya ƙare. Kafin ya koma Netherlands a cikin 1914, ya kasance yana aiki a cikin Indies Gabas ta Gabas na wasu ƴan shekaru. Bayan dawowarsa ya yi aiki da Rijkswaterstaat na ɗan lokaci, inda ya yi abokantaka da wani matashi kuma injiniya mai tsananin buri wanda ya tafi da sunan Anton Mussert. A lokaci guda kuma, ya fara saka hannun jari a wasu kamfanoni masu zaman kansu wadanda suka kware a fannin sarrafa ruwa na zamani. Zabin da babu shakka bai cutar da shi ba.

Kusan 1920 Homan van der Heide ya zauna a Maarssen aan de Vecht inda ya zama ɗaya daga cikin daraktocin masana'antar Kinine. A cikin 1939 an zabe shi kansila na jam'iyyar Liberal state party 'de Vrijheidsbond'. Ya buga akai-akai a cikin jarida Injiniya, Mai magana da yawun Cibiyar Injiniya ta Royal (KIVI). Lokacin da abokinsa kuma tsohon abokin aikinsa Anton Mussert ya cika shekaru hamsin, Homan van der Heide ya buga littafin a 1944 tare da mawallafin NSB Nenasu. 'Mussert a matsayin injiniya'. Abotakarsa da shugaban NSB za ta jawo masa tsada sosai. Nan da nan bayan 'yantar da shi, an kama shi kuma aka tsare shi bisa zargin haɗin gwiwa. Ya mutu a ranar 4 ga Nuwamba, 1945 a wani sansanin horo a Kampen.

Ga duk wanda ke son ƙarin sani game da wannan mashahurin injiniyan, wannan shawarar karantawa: A cikin Littattafan Silkworm na 2000 da aka buga. Sarkin Ruwa - Homan van der Heide da asalin ban ruwa na zamani a Siam, nazari mai matukar iya karantawa da cikakken bayani daga masanin ilimin halittar dan adam na kudu maso gabashin Asiya Han Ten Brummelhuis (Jami'ar Amsterdam) game da wannan dan kasar Holland, wanda ke da ban sha'awa fiye da daya.