Daniel Brouchebourde, Franco-Flemish a hidimar kotun Siamese

Sarki Narai

A tarihi, manyan yankunan da a yanzu ke da matsananciyar arewa maso yammacin jamhuriyar Faransa sun kasance na Ƙasashen Ƙasashe ba da daɗewa ba. Flanders ta Kudu ko Flanders na Faransa, Artois da Picardy masu manyan birane kamar Lille (Lille), Atrecht (Arras) da Cambrai (Cambrai) sun kasance kayan ado a kambi na Larduna goma sha bakwai. Daga wannan yanki ya zo a cikin rabin karshe na 17^e karnin da yanzu an manta da Daniel Brouchebourde, wani mutum wanda likita ne ga sarakunan Siamese guda biyu.

Sarkin Siyama Narai tsakanin 1656 da 1688 Ayutthaya mulki ya yi kira ga baki na kusan tsawon lokacin mulkinsa. Sojojin haya na Farisa ne suka kawo shi kan karagar mulki, ya yi maraba da ’yan kasuwar Ingila da aka kora daga Cambodia kuma ya sa su kafa cibiyar kasuwanci ta Kamfanin Gabashin Indiya, kuma sanin kowa ne cewa dan kasar Girka mai goyon bayan Faransa Constantine Paulkhon ne. babban mashawarcinsa . Al'amarin da sauran Farang kamar yadda Portuguese, Mutanen Espanya da kuma musamman Dutch na Dutch East India Company (VOC) suka ga ya faru da bakin ciki. Bayan da VOC Bayan ya murza tsokoki da tare da Chao Phraya tare da jiragen ruwa na yaki, Narai ya gane cewa ba shi da wani zabi illa ya ci gaba da kasancewa da 'yan kasar Holland a kan abokantaka. Lokacin da dangantaka ta inganta tsakanin VOC da sarki, yakan nemi VOC akai-akai da ta aiko masa da kwararrun da za su taimaka masa da kwarewarsu ta Yamma. Misali, a cikin 1668 VOC ta aika da wani tara (mai bindiga) da daya mai yin ɓawon burodi zuwa kotun Siamese. A cikin shekaru masu zuwa, enameller, maƙerin zinare da ƙwararren magini sun bi daga Batavia zuwa Ayutthaya, da sauransu.

Siege na sojojin Faransa a Bangkok 1688

A cikin 1672, Daniel Brouchebourde, mutumin Franco-Flemish, an nada shi likitan kansa ga sarkin Siamese. Ya dan yi aiki a matsayin likitan fida a Sedan, wani birni a arewa maso gabashin Faransa, kafin ya fara aiki a matsayin likitan jirgin ruwa a Amsterdam Chamber na VOC a shekara ta 1655. Wataƙila shi ɗan Furotesta ne, wataƙila Huguenot, wanda ya nemi kariya a Lardunan United bayan da Sarkin Faransa Louis XIV ya ƙaddamar da yaƙin ƴan shekaru da suka shige don tilasta Furotesta komawa garken tumakin Romawa. Sunan Brouchebourde mai yiwuwa yana nufin Broekburg, wani wuri kusa da Dunkirk kuma wannan kawai ya tabbatar da wannan kasida saboda Broekburg, wanda ke kan gaba a yaƙe-yaƙe na Franco-Spanish na maye gurbin, ya kasance tare da Stadtholder William II na Orange a wancan lokacin. Daga 1659 Brouchebourde ya kasance babban likitan tiyata na VOC a Nakhon Sithammarat kuma ya auri Siamese. Jim kadan kafin 1669 ya koma Ayutthaya tare da matarsa. Kwarewarsa na likita ba da daɗewa ba ya shiga cikin da'irar kotu kuma bayan ya yi nasarar yi wa wasu ƴan kotu magani, Sarki Narai ya tambayi VOC a Batavia ko zai iya ba da rancen likitan. Bukatar cewa shugabancin VOC a Batavia ya yarda da farin ciki, saboda ƙwararren ma'aikacin Siamese wanda ke zaune a cikin da'irar kotu mafi girma koyaushe yana da kyau…

Daniyel ya yi sauri ya sami amincewar sarkin. Duk da haka, wannan bai hana shi shiga ba - watakila ba tare da son ransa ba - a cikin abin da daga baya za a san shi a cikin littattafan tarihin Thai a matsayin Juyin juya halin 1688'. A waccan shekarar ne lafiyar sarki ta yi ta raguwa, Faransawa, wanda Paulkhon ya zaburar da su, sun yi ƙoƙari su yi amfani da damar da aka samu na rashin wutar lantarki da kuma faɗaɗa ikonsu ta hanyar aika dakaru tare da mamaye katangar Bangkok da Mergui. Yawan Harshen Siamese fitattun mutane, karkashin jagorancin babban sarki Phetracha, kyaftin na rundunar giwaye da Gimbiya Si Suphan, 'yar'uwar sarki, suna ganin wannan a matsayin mamaye mulkin Siamese kuma ya lalata Paulkhon da wasu abokansa na Siamese, ciki har da. sarakunan Mom Pi, Noi da Aphaitot sun fita daga hanya. Faransanci ya zama man militari an yi kira da a ba da umarni tare da tilastawa sojojinsu barin kasar. Ta haka ne, bayan mutuwar Narai, Phetracha ya sami damar hawa kan karagar mulki ba tare da hamayya ba.

Daga majiyoyin VOC, Daniel ya bayyana a matsayin wanda bai taka muhimmiyar rawa ba a cikin rikicin tsarin mulki na 1688, amma a matsayin dan Yamma ya amince da kuma kima da kowane bangare a lokacin da kusan dukkanin yammacin yammacin ke cikin tuhuma. Majiyoyin Faransanci, duk da haka, suna shiga cikin wata jijiya daban-daban. A can Daniel Brouchebourde mai makirci ne wanda, tare da mutanen Holland, sun kasance tare da Phetracha. Likitan VOC ba kawai ya tsira daga rikicin na 1688 ba, amma har ma ya fito daga wannan rikici na ciki ya ƙarfafa. Sarki Phetracha har ma ya ba shi lambar girma don godiya ga ayyukan da aka yi  Okphra Phetosot. Ya mutu a Ayutthaya a shekara ta 1697. Ya bar gadon gilder 1.582 wanda ba a mantawa da shi ba. Wani gado, wanda - bisa ga dokar Siamese - ya tafi kambin Siamese. Magada Daniels dukkansu an haife su ne daga mata masu juna biyu don haka sun kasance masu haɗin gwiwa, don haka dole ne su bi tsarin shari'a.

Sarki Narai

Babban ɗansa Mozes ba wai kawai ya bi sawun Daniels ba kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin likita a kotu, amma kuma yana da aiki na gefe. Daga 1688 ya kasance, tsawon shekaru uku, ma'aikacin ma'aikatar VOC a Ayutthaya. A cikin 1690-1691, lokacin da kwangilarsa ta shekaru uku da VOC ta kare, Pieter Van den Hoorn, babban dan kasuwa na VOC a Siam, ya so ya tsawaita shi. Musa ya sanya kansa ya zama mabuwayi ga VOC a matsayin mai fassara da matsakanci. Duk da haka, wannan ya saba wa nufin Mozes kuma ya haifar da rikici mai zafi wanda Van den Hoorn ya yi barazanar korar likitan zuwa Batavia. Daniel da Mozes sai suka juya ga Phraklang, ministan da ke da alhakin tuntuɓar baƙi, don kariya. Phraklang ya sanar da VOC cewa ba a haifi Musa kawai a Siam daga wata mace Siamese ba, amma kuma daya ne daga cikin likitocin sarki na sirri don haka ya kasance dan kasar Siamese. Yanzu ma ya bayyana ga VOC cewa Brouchebourdes na iya dogaro da babban kariya… Saboda fa'idar iyali ga VOC, bai ɗauki lokaci mai tsawo ba kafin a cire folds kuma daga 1709 Musa ya karɓi albashin kowane wata daga VOC na guilders 30 a matsayin lada ga nasaaminciga Kamfanin…

Wani da, Paulus Brouchebourde, shi ma Kotu da VOC sun yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin likita. A cikin 1692 ya nemi ta hannun babban dan kasuwa Joannes van Wagensvelt da a kara masa girma zuwa likitan fida. Buƙatar, wanda VOC ta ƙi yin biyayya ga dalilan da ba a sani ba. Shekaru biyu bayan haka, a ƙarshen 1694, Paulus ya sanar da VOC cewa yana barin sabis. Ya ɗauki kansa a matsayin kyaftin a cikin jiragen ruwa na Siamese kuma an ba shi umurnin jirgin da ya tashi zuwa Indiya da sauran abubuwa.

Dan Daniyel na uku, Pieter shine Taelman na biyu ko mai fassara na VOC. Ya zo ƙarshe mai ban mamaki a cikin 1713. A wannan shekarar jami'an Siamese sun gano cewa VOC ba wai kawai ta kare wasu 'yan kasuwa na opium ba, amma ana sayar da opium a kusa da masana'antar VOC. A lokacin wani samame da aka kai wa wannan rumfar opium, Pieter Brouchebourde ne wasu mutane da ke hidimar yarima mai jiran gado Phon, daga baya sarki Borommakot suka kashe. A matsayin ramuwar gayya ga yuwuwar shigar da VOC, Siamese ya daskare duk kasuwancin VOC a cikin daular na tsawon watanni biyu. Ba tare da rashin adalci ba, Dirck Blom, babban dan kasuwa na VOC a lokacin a Ayutthaya, ya zargi Peter.halin rashin kulawa'...

An san cewa Mozes Brouchebourde yana da 'ya'ya maza biyu daga aure zuwa mace Mon. Babu wasu takardu da suka tsira game da Philemon in ban da ambaton matsayin likita a Kotun Siamese. Dan uwansa Jeremias Brouchebourde ya bar burbushi. Wasiƙa daga 1711 ta nuna cewa VOC ce ta ɗauke shi aiki kuma ana sa ran nan ba da jimawa ba zai fara yi musu aiki a matsayin fassara. Ba abin mamaki bane, domin shaidu sun nuna cewa Jeremias ya yi magana da Siamese, Mon, Faransanci da Fotigal ban da Yaren mutanen Holland. Lokacin da mahaifin Mozes ya mutu a shekara ta 1724, Irmiya ya gaje shi a matsayinsa na likita ga sarki. Jeremias ya bukaci VOC da ta biya shi, kamar dai mahaifinsa, amma babban dan kasuwa Prageman ya sanar da babban gwamna a Batavia cewa yana shakkar ko Irmiya na iya ma'ana sosai ga VOC, bayan da aka yi watsi da bukatarsa.

An ambaci waɗannan ’yan’uwa na ƙarshe tun daga shekara ta 1732. A wannan shekarar sun roƙi VOC cewa ta aika da babban likitansu daga Batavia sa’ad da suka kasa warkar da Sarki Thai Sa na rashin lafiya. A bayyane yake ba su kasance cikin waɗanda sarkin ya fi so a fannin likitanci ba saboda ’yan’uwa sun yi korafin cewa ya yi cuɗanya da ƙazamin Vietnam da China...

Brouchebourdes sun ɓace a cikin tarihin tarihi, amma watakila zuriyar wannan likita mai aiki har yanzu suna zaune a Thailand a yau ... A cikin 1990, Dhiravat na Pombejra ya rubuta wani abu mai ban sha'awa. takarda game da Daniyel da zuriyarsa.