Ziva Thailand (11): Animism (kutenda zvipoko)
Animism inzira yekare yechitendero inoona zvisikwa sehupenyu uye manzwiro. Kutenda kuti chinhu chose chipenyu chine mweya. Izvi zvinoreva kuti kunyange zvinhu zvakaita semiti, nzizi uye makomo zvine mweya maererano netsika yemhuka. Mweya iyi inoonekwa semweya inochengeta inobatsira kuita kuti hupenyu humhanye mukuwirirana.
MuThailand, animism ichiri chinhu chakakosha uye tsika mumaruwa uye mumaguta makuru. Marudzi madiki emunyika, akadai saKaren, Hmong neMoken, vanoomererawo kwazvo mukudavira animism.
Chimwe chezvinyanya kukosha zveanimism muThailand ndiko kukoshesa zvisikwa uye nyika yemweya. Vakawanda vanodavira kuti zvinhu zvipenyu vanodavira kuti zvinhu zvakasikwa zvinorarama nemasimba uye midzimu inopesvedzera upenyu hwevanhu zuva nezuva. Aya masimba nemidzimu zvinogona kuva zvakanaka kana zvakaipa, uye ibasa revanhu kuwana kuenzana kwakanaka pakati pemasimba aya nemidzimu.
Chimwe chikamu chinokosha che animism ndiko kusimbisa tsika nezvibayiro. Vanodavira zvipenyu vanodavira kuti miitiro nezvibayiro zvinokosha kuchengeta uye kusimbisa kufarirwa nemidzimu. Naizvozvo, vanogaroita miitiro nemitambo, vachinamata midzimu uye kupa zvipiriso muchimiro chezvokudya, maruva, zvinwiwa nezvimwe zvipo. Dzimba zhinji dzemidzimu dzaunoona kwese kwese maatari madiki ekukudza midzimu inochengeta.
Chimwe chikamu chemweya wehupenyu kuporesa uye kuporesa. Vazhinji veThai vanotenda kuti midzimu nemasimba echisikigo anokwanisa kurapa nekurapa zvirwere nezvirwere. Ndokusaka kune varapi vechivanhu vazhinji muThailand, vanoshandisa mishonga, tsika nemidzimu kurapa nekurapa zvirwere. Animism yakabatanawo nechitendero chokuberekwazve. Maererano nechitendero ichi, mweya yemushakabvu inogona kumuka mune zvimiro zvitsva, zvakadai semhuka kana kuti chirimwa. Izvi zvinoreva kuti vakafa vanoramba vachirarama neimwe nzira munyika yevapenyu.
Animism muThailand yakapesvedzerawo hunyanzvi hwenyika uye zvivakwa. Matemberi mazhinji uye zvivakwa zvitsvene zvakashongedzwa nemifananidzo yemhuka uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvine chekuita nemidzimu inochengeta. Izvi zviratidzo zvinoshanda kwete senzira yekukudza midzimu yekuchengetedza, asiwo senzira yekuyeuchidza vanhu kuti zvose zvakatipoteredza zvine mweya.
MuThailand, animism inowanzoonekwa sechinamato chinopindirana, chinogara pamwe nemamwe marudzi echiBuddha neHinduism anozivikanwawo munyika. Nepo animism ingave isiri chitendero chikuru muThailand, inoramba iri chikamu chakakosha chetsika netsika yenyika.
Chinyorwa chakanaka. Rega ndiwedzere zvishoma.
Izwi rekuti "chinamato" rinobva kune rechiLatini religiare iro rinoreva kuti 'chinotibatanidza pamwechete'. Animism naizvozvowo chitendero uye kwete mashura. Chitendero hachifanire kuziva mwari.
Mamwe marudzidziso mazhinjisa ane mifungo youpenyu pamwero mukuru kana kuti muduku, zvakadai sezvibayiro nemiitiro, uye kunamatwa kwezvisaririra.
Ndinokutendai zvikuru nokuda kweichi chinyorwa chinofadza.
Chinyorwa chakasimba, asi chakanyorwa zvachose kubva pamaonero akamisikidzwa emazuva ano ezvitendero, kubva kuzvidzidzo zvechitendero, kunyanya izvo zvinoonekwa zvakanyanya, zvine mitemo nemirairo uye zvimiro zvinopa kurongeka.
Kutaura idi, nzira yatinoziva kubva kuzvitendero zvitatu zvomurenje. (Vanga vachingogara kwemakore 2500 akanaka, kana zvishoma, nenzira.)
Pane musiyano pakati pezwi rokuti chitendero nechitendero. Muchitendero mune mwari. Izvi hazvidiwi nezvitendero. Musiyano unokosha. Buddhism hachisi chitendero mune izvozvo.
Makore zana apfuura, Nietzsche akatosiya nzira iyi yekufunga. Mwari akafa. Mune mamwe mazwi, mwari inhema yehuropi hwedu.
Animism ndiyo nzira yekutanga yekuziva uye kuzviziva pachako murudzi rwevanhu. Uye vanodzidza nezve anthropology kana vanhu vanoziva chitendero vanofarira kuchienderana nemazwi avo echitendero. Sezvineiwo kufunga kwakaipa uye kupusa.
Animism muhunhu hwayo, sezvakaonekwa nemunhu wekare anenge makore 100 apfuura, ari kungokudza vabereki, vanasekuru, madzitateguru akatangira = bhangi remajini iro isu nhasi tiri chigadzirwa. Ndini ani? Panyaya iyi, animism ndiyo yakasarudzika nzira yekufunga kwepamusoro uye inoenderana nezviri kuwedzera kuratidzwa nesainzi kwatiri. Isu tiri chibereko chekushanduka-shanduka kwezvisikwa zvakatitangira. Saka kanganwa nezvekudaidza animism mashura!
Usafunge kuti uropi hwedu, pfungwa dzedu, chiyero chedu chave chiripo kubva kuAustralopics yemakore 6 miriyoni apfuura, pakatanga vanhu vekutanga. Ipapo takanga tine magiramu 600 europi. Iye zvino tine 1400 gramu yeuropi, imwe nehafu kilogram.
Saka huropi ihwohwo hwakakura. Zvakare uye kunyanya mukuziva kwepamusoro uye nekuwedzera kune kuzviziva wega kana meta-uropi. Ndizvo zvangovepo kubva patakagadzira prefrontal cortex. Asi ndiko kukura kwemhindumupindu. Kuzviziva kwedu nekudaro kunobva kudunhu retsinga muuropi hwedu.
Saka zvinofungidzirwa kuti isu takagadzira ndangariro yedu makore 100 000 apfuura. Inenge nguva iyo mutauro wakavapowo. Uye meta uropi hwedu makore 30 apfuura.
Mutauro kufunga uye kufunga mutauro.
Patinozviona mugirazi, tinoziva kuti ndisu. Zvienzanise nechisikwa chipenyu chakafanana nekatsi yako kumba. Isa katsi yako pamberi pegirazi uye anoona katsi, asi kwete iye pachake, anofunga kuti ndeye congener.
Zvipenyu zvakawanda hazvitombosviki kure zvakadaro.
Zvitendero zvitatu zvemurenje zvakangobva mukutsauka kubva makore angangoita 3000/2500 apfuura. Zvitendero zvese izvi zvisati zvamboziva kuti vanamwari vakawanda. Polytheism idemocracy! Madzimai akati wandei anogona kutitungamira uye vese vakaenzana. Munhu mumwe nomumwe anogona kusarudza waanonamata.
Chekutanga chiJudha, tevere chiKristu, chekupedzisira chiIslam, vese vanobva kumakwai mamwechete netsika dzembudzi vakafungidzira kunyengera kuti isu hatina kusikwa nekushanduka-shanduka, asi kamwe kamwe takasikwa nemumwe (anofungidzirwa) mwari akagadzwa pachigaro chepamusoro pamusoro pedu uye anoona zvese ... musiki. Mwari, mudzvanyiriri! Anomira pamusoro pedu uye anotivhundutsa: kutambudzika mumutauro webhaibheri. Ndiyo monotheism uye yakanakira kugadzira hukuru hwakakwana. Naizvozvo vakarishandisa nechido kuita kuti vanhu vave pasi pesimba. Vachengete vari mbeveve.
Nehurombo, Nietzsche haana kukwanisa kushandura mafambiro. Zvino zvatakadzikisa chiKristu chedu chekuMadokero kuhupenzi hwacho, chiIslam chave kupinda mukati kuzotidaidza kuti tidzokere kuhurongwa. Tichateerera zvakare, uye topfugama.
Summa: Animism ndeyechisikigo uye inoenderana zvizere nekunzwisisa kwazvino kwekushanduka uye dzinza. Muono mumwe wakakudzwa wokuti hunhu hwekuvapo kwedu kupfuudza majini edu. Sezvinoita mamiriyoni ose ezvimwe zvisikwa zvipenyu zviri panyika yedu. Ndizvo chete! Nhamo vatendi.
Kuremekedza madzitateguru edu. Thanks kwavari tiri pano. Uye kwete neimwe abstract musiki pane imwe nzvimbo pamusoro pedu.