Mechai Viravaidya muna Kurume 2008 paSkoll World Forum paUniversity yeOxford. (Mufananidzo: Wikipedia)
Mechai, sezvandichamudaidza pano, munhu ane mukurumbira muThailand, uye ndizvozvo. Akaita zvakawanda kusimudzira nyika uye nenzira yakakosha. Vainyanya kushanda kubva pasi zvichikwira nevazvipiri mumadhorobha nemaguta, mumaXNUMX nemaXNUMX kuti vakwanise kudzivirira kubata pamuviri, uyezve kurwisa HIV/AIDS.
Mabviro uye makore ehudiki
Mechai akaberekwa muna Ndira 17, 1941 (nezvezvinoreva mazita ake ona chinyorwa 1). Baba vake Samak vakadzidza mushonga pachikoro chehumambo muEdinburgh, kwaakapedza kudzidza sachiremba. Ikoko akasanganawo nomudzimai wake akazotevera Ella Robertson, mudzidzi wezvokurapa. Vakaroorana pachivande muna April 1937, zvakashatirisa zvikuru baba vaElla asi netendero inofadza yedzimwe hama dzokunyama. Vese vakadzokera kuThailand vakaparadzana gore iroro, kwavakavaka ramangwana sevanachiremba. Ella akapika kuti aisazodzokera kuEngland.
Muna 1954, pazera remakore 13, Mechai akaenda kuAustralia kuti aenderere mberi nezvidzidzo zvake paGeelong Grammar School, uko chiverengero cheThais chakanga chatodzidza. Aida kudzidza zvemishonga sezvaingoita vabereki vake, asi zvidzidzo zvacho zvakanga zvisingamuenderani. Akazopedza kudzidza muCommerce Sayenzi kubva kuYunivhesiti yeMelbourne. Muna 1966 akadzokera kuThailand.
Basa rekutanga
Akawana maonero emabasa mashoma: mabasa maviri anobhadharwa zvakanaka kuShell nekambani yeinishuwarenzi, kana kuti basa rehurumende rinobhadharwa zvakajairika kuNEDB (National Economic Development Board). Akabvunza amai vake, avo vakamubvunza kana aida kuwana mari yakawanda kana kuti kuita chimwe chinhu chinobatsira nyika? Vekupedzisira vakabva vasarudza basa. Vakamirira NEDB, vaifanirwa kuongorora pamwe nekuzivisa nezvezvirongwa zvebudiriro munyika yose izvo zvakavaendesa kunzvimbo dzakasiyana siyana. Achitarisa kumashure, akataura kuti aingoziva Bangkok, asi iye zvino akasvika pakuziva Thailand chaizvo: hurombo, kushomeka kwezvivakwa nemikana. Akaona kuti muzvirongwa zvose izvi vagari vomunzvimbomo vaisawanzobvunzwa uye vaisambobatsirwa nazvo. Akasvikawo kumhedziso yokuti kukura kwakasimba kwevanhu mumakore iwayo (ane vana vanomwe pamukadzi anobereka) kwakadzivirira hupfumi huri nani uye kugara zvakanaka. Izvozvo zvakatungamirira kukuzvipira kwake kunotevera: kudzora kubereka.
Muna 1965, tsvarakadenga yeThai Apasra Hongsakula akagadzwa korona yeMiss Universe muMiami. Muna 1966, Mechai akabvumirwa kumuperekedza semutungamiri uye muturikiri. Akakumbira autograph yake asi hapana kana bepa kana peni. Akamuti aise signature pacuff yake, akadaro achiseka zvake. Mifananidzo yacho yakaenda muThailand yose, izvo zvakaita kuti Mechai akurumbire pakarepo. ("Akakumbira ruoko rwake here?")
Muna 1971, akaroora Thanphuying Putri Kratakara. Mambo Bhumibol vakatambira vaviri ava nezvipo. Vaviri ava vaive nemwanasikana vese. Kwapera gore, Micha akapinda musarudzo dzeparamende semumiriri akazvimirira. Akakundwa ndokubva angouya wechina.
(SURACHAI JAMEET / Shutterstock.com)
Kudzivirira kuzvara nemakondomu
Mechai aida kudzikamisa kuwanda kwevanhu muThailand, nekuti akaona sechinhu chakakosha kubatsira Thailand kuti ienderere mberi. Nerubatsiro rwemasangano ekunze, akavamba Planned Parenthood Association (PAD) muna 1976 ndokutanga kuita mushandirapamwe. Aida kutaura nezvebonde uye nzira dzekudzivirira nadzo pamuviri, izvo zvakanga zvichiri kurambidzwa panguva iyoyo.
Kondomu rakava chombo chake chikuru, chaakadzivirira nekusekesa munzvimbo yeruzhinji: zvinonamirwa, mapepa, maT-shirts akashongedzwa nemakondomu ane mavara uye masirogani zvakatenderedzwa nenyika yose. Mechai akapa makondomu semazano kuvatyairi vemakombi uye mumaresitorendi, zviteshi zvemabhazi, mahotera, mabhaisikopo nevanochengetedza nzvimbo. Semushumiri, akagovera makondomu muPatpong nePattaya. Kuzvikoro nepamisangano, aiita makwikwi ekuputitsa makondomu, ayo aiperekedzwa nekufara kukuru. Aivewo nemamongi anoropafadza mishonga yekudzivirira pamuviri nemvura tsvene.
Akaparadzira masirogani 'Vana vazhinji vanokuita murombo' mu 'Kondomu pazuva rinotadzisa chiremba kure'. Vazvipiri vehutano vakabatsira kugovera makondomu mumisha. Kutaura nezvemakondomu kwakabva kwanyanya. Mumwe munhu akakurudzira kudana kondomu kuti "Mechai" mune sequel, uye ndizvo zvakaitika. Akavamba zvakare resitorendi ketani 'Makabheji uye Makondomu', kwakapiwa ruzivo uye kwaungadya'pasina kubata pamuviri. Ndakambotenga makombi maviri ikoko: imwe ine zvigaro zvakasiyana-siyana uye imwe ine macondom anotaurisa.
Zvimwewo zvekudzivirira pamuviri zvakaita semapiritsi, majekiseni eDepo-Provera nemaIUD zvakangochengeterwa vanachiremba vanoshanda muzvipatara nekudaro zvaisasvikika kuvagari vemumusha. Mechai akaitawo kuti iwanike mumisha, uko vazvipiri vakarovedzwa ndokugamuchira muripo muduku nokuda kwechinhu chimwe nechimwe. Zvose zvakabatsira here? Ehe saizvozvo! Avhareji yenhamba yevana pamukadzi pamukadzi yakadonha kubva pa7,4 muna 1961 kusvika pa3,9 muna 1981 uye iko zvino yasvika 1,5.
Mechai aiitawo zvekubvisa nhumbu. Aiziva kuti kwaiva nokubvisa pamuviri kunofungidzirwa kuva 300.000 12 gore rimwe nerimwe, vakawanda vaibvisa pamuviri zvisina kufanira netsvimbo kana kuti kukwizwa muviri, zvichiita kuti vakawanda vapinzwe muchipatara nokuda kwokubuda ropa uye utachiona. Akavhura makiriniki akawanda ekubvisa pamuviri, chimwe chinhu chakanga chiri pamutemo. Mutemo waiti kubvisa pamuviri kunongoitwa chete kana mimba yaizokonzera matambudziko makuru ehutano. Mitchai aidavira kuti kwete chete emuviri asiwo matambudziko epfungwa anofanirwa kuverengerwa mumamiriro ezvinhu akadaro. Sezvineiwo, mutemo wakagadziridzwa muna Kukadzi wegore rino: kubvisa pamuviri kusvika kumavhiki gumi nemaviri hakucharangwa.
Mukuwedzera, mumakore 1979-80 akanga achishingaira mumisasa yevapoteri pamuganhu neCambodia, uye akatanga mushandirapamwe wemvura yakachena yekunwa mumisha.
Muchikamu chekutanga, Mechai akatambira zvichemo zvishoma kubva kuvarume vaiti kondomu 'rakarasika' kana kuti rakadonha nyore. Akanyorera vakadzi vakati wandei kubva kuChao Phraya Massage Parlour kuti vayere dhayamita yenhengo dzeThai dzakamira. Yakazove avhareji yemamilimita matatu idiki pane yevazere neropa rekuMadokero. Mechai akabva ahodha macondom madiki. (Batsira! Handichaoni kuti i 3 millimeters mudenderedzwa kana kuti dhayamita! Muverengi anoziva here? Madzimai ekuThai vanofunga kuti chinhu chinobva kuWesterners chihombe asi vekuThais vakaoma!)
Imwe nguva mukutanga kwemakumi masere, Mechai akambotambira chikumbiro kubva kune akati wandei masayendisiti ekunze kana vaigona kushandisa hofisi ine air-conditioner. Izvozvo zvakabvumirwa, asi aifanira kutamisa boka revashandi veThai kune imwe uye nzvimbo inoputika. Uye mazuva mashoma gare gare pakanga paine chiratidzo pamusuwo 'Anoda farangs nekuti mai vake mufarwa!'. Pamusangano mazuva mashomanene gare gare, akaunza ikoku pasina kutsamwa kupi nokupi, achiona kuti akanga asina kusarudza mai vake, uye kuti vaifanira kuenda kumusuo wababa vake.
Kurwisa HIV/AIDS
Muna 1984, murwere wekutanga aive neHIV muThailand akaonekwa. Pasinei nekuwedzera kwekukurumidza pashure pacho, hurumende haina kuiona sedambudziko guru, sezvo nyaya dzakawanda dzakatanga kuitika mupfambi, hukama hweungochani uye nevanopindwa muropa netsono. Pamusoro pezvo, indasitiri yezvekushanyirwa kwenyika yaityira kuderera kwevanopinda kana zvakataurwa zvakanyanya. Kuramba uye kunyarara ndiko kwaive chirevo. 'Shanyira Thailand Gore' yaive mushandirapamwe wevashanyi muna 1987.
Muna 1989, Mechai akadzoka kubva mugore rekudzidza kuUnited States uye akakurumidza kuona kukura kwedambudziko nezviitiko zvitsva zveHIV zvinosvika 100.000 pagore, ne72% yepfambi vakaonekwa kuti vane HIV. Akafunga kurwisa HIV. Zvichakadaro, bhiri rakanga ragadzirwa iro raiita kuti zvisungirwe kumhan'ara vanhu vane HIV, kuyedza munhu wese uye kuda kupihwa mvumo kune vese vanenge vavhenekwa. Mechai akapikisana nazvo uye bhiri harina kutambirwa.
Mechai aifarira kushandira kuti awane ruzivo rwuri nani, zvino sezvineiwo haana kuseka. Mushure mekurambidzwa kwekutanga, nzvimbo dzeredhiyo, nharo dzeterevhizheni uye mapepa anodana maitiro akakodzera zvakabuda. Kugadzwa kweNational AIDS Advisory Committee kwaivewo danho regwara, kunyangwe rakambomiswa mushure mekutora masimba muna 1991. Zvisineyi, Prime Minister Anand Panrarachun akazogadza Mechai seGurukota reKushanya, Ruzivo neAIDS. Ichi chaive chiratidzo chakajeka, mushure mezvo mushandirapamwe weruzivo unoshanda wakatanga nebhajeti rehurumende rakanaka.
Mechai akabva aita mhirizhonga achipesana neindasitiri yebonde. Mhinduro yake 'zviri nani kunwa mushonga wemakonzo kumba pane kuenda kuzororo kuThailand' hazvina kunyatsodzika zvakanaka...
Tsvagiridzo yakaratidza kuti muna 1991 61% yevose vakanyoreswa vakava neruzivo rwavo rwekutanga rwepabonde nepfambi. Izvo zvawa zvakanyanya mumakore anotevera. Huwandu hwevakaongororwa vakaonekwa vaine HIV hwakadzika pakati pa1992 na1996 kubva pa8 kusvika pa3%. Panguva imwe cheteyo, kushandiswa kwemakondomu pakushanya kwechipfambi kwakawedzera muboka iroro kubva pa61 kusvika ku91%. kusvika pakati pe5 ne10.000 muzana. 15.000 XNUMX pagore. Kuchine nzufu dzeAIDS dzinenge XNUMX zviuru muThailand gore negore.
Zvinyorwa zvehembe dzakauya naMechai zvaisetsa uye zvinogutsa, zvakaita sekuti: 'Stop Global Warming, shandisa Makondomu' kana kuti 'Makondomu: Zvombo Zvekudzivirira' uye 'In Rubber We Trust'.
(jejim / Shutterstock.com)
Zvematongerwo enyika
Mechai agara achisimbisa kubatanidzwa kwevanhu vose mukuronga, kushandiswa uye kusimbiswa kwezviyero zvekusimudzira hutano nekugara zvakanaka kwevanhu. Asi aifungawo kuti hurumende ine basa rinokosha. Sezvandambotaura, haana kubudirira kukwikwidza musarudzo dzeparamende muna 1972. Aive Mutevedzeri weGurukota rezveIndustrial Affairs munguva ya1985-1986 uye (sezvatonyorwa) Minister of Tourism, Information and Aids munguva ya1991-1992. Aive seneta muna 1987-1991, 1996-2000 uye kubva 2001 kusvika 2006.
Pakupedzisira
Chokwadi tinogona kugumisa kuti Mechai akaita basa rakanaka uye simba guru pane zvose zviri zviviri kudzora kuzvara uye kutapurira denda reHIV. Pamusoro pazvo, chivimbo chake chaiva chokuti kukura kwoupfumi kunofanira kugara kuchifambirana nokugovewa kwepfuma kuri nani, uye nguva dzose akatarisa varombo.
Cherechedza 1: Ndiri kunakidzwa nemazita echiThai Mechai Viravaidya is มีชัย วิระไวทยะ mechai (inodudzwa miechai, toni mbiri dzepakati) uye wierawaithaya (matoni: kumusoro, kumusoro, pakati, kumusoro, kumusoro). Mechai zvinoreva kuti 'Kukunda', uye vabereki vake vakamupa zita iroro nekuti akazvarwa muna Ndira 1941 apo Thailand yakakunda dzimwe nzvimbo dzemaFrance dzaidzora kuWestern Laos neNorthern Cambodia. Vira muzita rake rinoreva 'shinga' uye vaidya zvinoreva 'n'anga'. Tateguru wake aiva chiremba kuna mambo.
Sources:
- Thomas D'Agnes, Kubva kumaKondomu kuenda kuCabbage, An Authorized Biography, Bangkok, 2001, ISBN 974-228-009-6.
- TED hurukuro: Mechai Viravaidya akaita sei Thailand nzvimbo iri nani. NechiDutch subtitles. Kusetsa chaiko uye kunodzidzisa. Saka tarisa! https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EL9TBKSdHXU
Unoda idzi mhando dzevanoenda kuti uwane shanduko kuburikidza. Kuremekedza izvi.
Kungoremekedza kwakawanda kune avo veNL vanhu vari kuyedza kuwana chirevo kubva makore maviri apfuura pamusoro pebhiri re 'farang' muzvipatara zvehurumende. Sokunge kurwadziwa kwangu kunofanira kudhura kupfuura Thai ache….
Ndakasvika pakumuziva mumakore achangopfuura tsunami. Kambani yandaishandira yakandibvumira kushandisa mari yakawanda pamabasa epashure petsunami. Handina kufadzwa zvikuru nemamwe masangano anobatsira vanhu akanga achangosvika nevavariro dzakanakisisa uye pakupedzisira akawana Khun Mechai. Akandipa zano kuti "nditore" misha ye2 munharaunda yeKrabi, dunhu raifanira kutsungirira nhamo zhinji asi risingagamuchire kutariswa kwenhau uye nekudaro hapana kutariswa. Kugona kwakabva kwatobviswa kubva kusangano rake uye mumakore maviri akatevera misha miviri yakaparadzwa yakavakwazve. Mumwe nomumwe 2 vagari vakapiwa ramangwana zvakare. Mari yaisagona kunge yakashandiswa zviri nani uye zvakanyanya mukuona kwangu. Murume akareba uye ane mwero ane muono wakapinza uye ane pfungwa yakanaka yekuseka anoremekedzwa zvikuru nevanhu veThai. MuNetherlands zvirokwazvo angadai akapihwa rukudzo rwehumambo rwepamusoro nebasa rakafanana. Muna 2, akapihwa Mubairo wePrince Mihadol muThailand.
Ndatenda Tino netsanangudzo iyi. Ndave mudiwa weCabbages uye Makondomu restaurant kwemakore. Murume akafemerwa.
"Mechai, sekumudana kwandichaita pano, munhu ane mukurumbira muThailand, uye ndizvozvo."
Ndakavawo nemufaro wekusangana naye pachangu, muna 2006. Gore rega rega ndinotaura zita rake mumakirasi angu evechidiki, kunyanya vadzidzi vechiThai. Ndinewo key ring yeUSB yangu kubva paPAD ine kondomu. (Haana kumborasika kusvika zvino, kusiyana ne USB matanda ane akasiyana kiyi mhete) Hapana mudzidzi akambonzwa nezvake kusvika zvino.
Sangano rake rava kunzi Population and Community Development Association (PCDA).
Nhau dzakanaka dzemurume akanaka uyu
Yakanaka iyo makombi, murume ane cheeky nenzira yakanaka, zvinoshamisa kwete mune zvematongerwo enyika. Ndakabvunza vanhu vashoma veThai kana vachiziva Mechai, mumwe we5 akasimbisa kuti "hongu, ndiye murume aimboita zvakawanda nezvekudzivirira kubereka, asi izvo hazvichakoshi nhasi". Uye vamwe - vasina kujairana naye - vakapindura kuti chepfu yemakonzo ne "smart guy, he is very right".
Ndakava nemufaro wekushanda naMechai semumwe wevatengi vangu panguva yedambudziko rekuAsia ra1997-1998. Akave Mutevedzeri wasachigaro weKrungThai Bank, rimwe remabhanga ehurumende, uye bhanga iri raive mudambudziko rakakura nekuda kwedambudziko iri. Ndakagoverana naye misangano yakawanda uye kudya kwemanheru. Aigara akananga zvakanyanya uye aitarisa pamhedzisiro. Vatiwo zvirongwa zvakawanda mumatunhu zvinofanira kupihwa mari nebhanga, chinova chiratidzo chekuzvipira kukuru munharaunda. Aive nekuseka kukuru uye aigara achionekwa semunhu wekumadokero. Kana sevhisi yemuresitorendi isina kuuya nekukurumidza, akaombera maoko ake zvine ruzha ndokudanidzira Nong, nong. Varanda vakanga vasingazivi kuti kukurumidza sei kuuya kwatiri. Ndinozviedzawo dzimwe nguva muNetherlands, asi hapana anonditeerera :)
Hahaaa Alex,
Ipapo iwe une rombo rakanaka, nekuti iwe unogona zvakare kudzingwa nekuda kwekushaikwa kwekunakidzwa kwekunzwisisa kwevashandi vazhinji vekudyara.