Siam paaiva nemadzimambo maviri pachigaro
Monument kuna King Mongkut muPhetchaburi - Karasev Victor / Shutterstock.com
Muna July wegore 1824, Mambo weSiamese Buddha Loetla Nabhalai, Rama II, akangoerekana arwara uye akafa pasina nguva refu.
Zvinoenderana nemutemo wehumambo wekuteedzana, chigaro chinofanira kupfuudza kumwanakomana waMambokadzi Suriyandra, Prince Mongkut. Mambokadzi Suriyandra aive mudzimai waMambo Rama II uye maererano netsika dzehumambo hweSiamese, chete vanakomana vemudzimai wamambo ndivo vanokodzera kutora chigaro chamambo.
Rama III
Zvisinei, Muchinda Mongkut akanga agadzwa semumongi mune imwe imba yemamongi pakutanga kwegore iroro. Muchinda muduku akanga asina ruzivo rwokuzviwanira mune zvematongerwe enyika uye akanga ane pesvedzero shoma pakati pavakuru vakuru venguva yacho. Muchinda Jessadabodindra, kunyangwe mwanakomana wemurongo, aive nesimba zvakanyanya uye aive nerutsigiro rwevakuru vedare. Akanga ari mukuru kuna Prince Mongkut uye akanga ashanda seGurukota reZvekutengeserana neZvenyika Dzekunze panguva yekutonga kwababa vake. Pakafa Mambo Rama II, dare remakurukota rakakurumidza kuzivisa kuti Muchinda Jessadabodindra aizova mambo mutsva weSiam (Rama III).
Vajirayan
Prince Mongkut akasarudza kuramba ari muhupenyu hwemamongi mushure mekugadzwa kwemukoma wake kuti adzivise kunetsana kwezvematongerwo enyika. Semumongi, Muchinda Mongkut akazozivikanwa nezita rake rechiBhudha Vajirayan. Akafamba nenyika yose achidzidza chiBuddha uye achitaura nemamongi akakurumbira
Muna 1833, Vajirayan akava abbot weTembere yeBowonniwet, iri munzvimbo yava kunzi pakati peBangkok. Panguva iyi akadzidza Western sainzi, Latin, Chirungu uye nyeredzi. Aiwanzokurukura kwenguva refu nemamishinari nevafambi vokuMadokero uye akanga ava nyanzvi zvikuru mumutauro weChirungu.
Prince Chatumani
Prince Mongkut aive nemukoma mudiki, Prince Chutamani. Saiye, Muchinda Chutamani akapfuudzwawo semumiriri wechigaro pakafa Mambo Rama II. Kusiyana naMuchinda Mongkut, akaramba ari mutemberi munguva yose yekutonga kwaMambo Jessadabodindra, Muchinda Chutamani akasarudza kushandira hurumende. Akapiwa zita reKromma Khun Isaret rankant.
Semukoma wake, muchinda wechidiki aida zvinhu zvese zvekumavirira. Aifarira zvikuru mechanics yekuMadokero, tekinoroji uye sainzi, uye kugona kwake muChirungu kwakanzi kwakatonyanya kunaka kupfuura kwemunin'ina wake, Prince Mongkut.
Mambo Mongkut
Rama III anofa
Musi waApril 2, 1851, Mambo Rama III akafa asina kugadza mutsivi. Kunyange zvazvo Rama III yakanga ine vana vanosvika makumi mashanu, hapana mumwe wevakadzi vamambo akakwidziridzwa kusvika pachinzvimbo chamambokadzi.
Dis Bunnak, gurukota rezvekudzivirirwa kwenyika uye mumwe wevakuru vane simba panguva iyoyo, vakakurudzira kuti dare revakuru rikoke Prince Mongkut kuti atore chigaro. Mushure mezvose, aive mwanakomana waMambo Rama II aine shamwari yehumambo uye aive wekutanga mumutsara wekuteedzana. Paive nedambudziko, zvisinei, sezvo Muchinda Chutamani aive nemutemo wekuda chigaro chaPrince Mongkut. Panguva yekufa kwaMambo Rama III, vamwe vakuru vakati Prince Chutamani ndiye aive mugari wenhaka, asi Prince Mongkut aive mukoma mukuru, saka kuda kwake kwaive kwakasimba.
Bazi IV
Muchinda Mongkut paakanga ava nemakore 47, akasiya upenyu hwemamongi kuti atonge samambo. Muchinda Mongkut akagadzwa Mambo weSiam musi waKubvumbi 2, 1851, achitora zita rePhrabat Somdet Phra Chomklao Chaoyuhua, Rama IV.
Kuti adzivise kunetsana nemunun'una wake, Prince Chutamani, Mambo Rama IV akaita chimwe chinhu chisati chamboitika munhoroondo yeSiamese. Akabvumira mukoma wake kuti atore chigaro che "mambo wechipiri" weSiam. Akapihwa zita rekuti Phrabat Somdet Phra Pinklao Chaoyuhua, rakaenzana nerake.
Uparaj
Kare, chinzvimbo cheViceroy, Uparaj van Siam, yaiwanzopiwa mukoma wamambo. Mumutsara wekuteedzana, iyo Uparaj saka yaive yekufungidzira mutsivi. Asi yaigara ichizivikanwa kuti Uparaj ndiye murume wechipiri mushure memambo.
Zvakadaro, Prince Chutamani haana kupihwa zita rekuti Uparaj. Akakumbirwa nomunun’una wake kuti agamuchire zita rakaenzana naRama IV, mambo akagadzwa weSiam.
nyeredzi
Vamwe vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanofungidzira kuti Mambo Mongkut akanga ari mutendi akasimba mune zvenyeredzi. Kufembera kwenyeredzi nezviratidzo zvaizoratidza kuti Muchinda Chutamani ndiye aizova mambo. Naizvozvo ndiko kwaiva kutenda kwaRama IV kwakatungamirira kukusimudzirwa kwaChatumani kuva mambo wechipiri weSiam. Vamwewo ndivo vanofungidzira kuti kwaingova kungwara kunyaradza uye kuodza moyo Prince Chutamani kuti asaite hunhu hwemukoma wake.
Ukama hwakasimbiswa
Hapana mubvunzo, zvisinei, kuti kugadzwa kwaMambo Pinklao kwakasimbisa ukama pakati pehama mbiri, iyo yakanga ine rugare mukutonga kwake. Mukuita, Mambo Mongkut aive chiremera chepamusoro cheumambo, asi Mambo Pinklao aive nesimba mune zvekunze nekuda kwehukama hwake hwepedyo nevamiriri vekuMadokero.
Mambo Pinklao akachengetedza uto rake pachake, pamwe chete neuto rengarava rezvimwe zvikepe zvemazuva ano. Imba yake yakasvika pakuzivikanwa se'Front Palace' uye simba rake raigara richiwedzerwa panguva iyoyo.
Mambo Pinklao akafa musi waNdira 7, 1866, makore maviri Mambo Mongkul asati afa.
Kwakabva: Anand Singh chinyorwa muPhuket Gazette
Chidimbu chinonakidza uye chinonakidza chenhoroondo chakatakurwa nehuchenjeri kwete hondo.
Chidimbu chinonakidza kwazvo. Ingori tsika yehumambo hweSiamese here kana kuti mutemo wekuti vanakomana chete ndivo vanogona kutsiva mambo?
Iri muPalace Law of Succession 1924. Ona:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1924_Palace_Law_of_Succession
Mambo ari kutonga anogona kugadza mutsivi akakodzera anobva mumutsara woumambo nesimba rake amene, chokwadika.
'Mambo ari kutonga ane simba rakakwana rokutumidza munhurume upi noupi woumambo somugari wenhaka, uye pashure pokunge aziviswa pachena, “nzvimbo yomugari wenhaka akadaro yakachengeteka uye hairambiki’. Pashure pacho, vanakomana chete ndivo vanotaurwa nezvavo. Iyezvino mambo weThai haana kumbotaura chimwe chinhu kunze kwekuti muchinda wekorona achamutsiva. Izvozvo zvichaitika, kunyange iwe dzimwe nguva unonzwa chimwe chinhu chakasiyana.
Zvinofadza maonero aMambo Vajirawuth, achitaura nezvemutemo mutsva waakadzivirira (anenge 1923):
'Asi sezvazvanga zvakaita kare, uye zvinogona kuitika muneramangwana, mambo haakwanise kudoma mutsivi wake ... zvichikonzera zviitiko zvinonetsa ... Kana madzimambo afa, kurwira masimba ehumambo kwakavhura mukana kune vanhu ... chinodzivisa kubudirira kweumambo. Wave zvakare mukana wevavengi, vemukati nekunze, kuti vafunge kukuvadza mhuri yehumambo uye rusununguko rweSiam. [Mamiriro akadai] akaunza njodzi kurudzi rweThai. Saka mambo akada kuva nomutemo unotema kutevedzana kuitira kuderedza dambudziko rokurwira [chigaro choumambo] mumhuri youmambo.'
Vajirawuth is right. Mumazuva aSukhotai, Ayutthaya naThonburi, kutsiva chigaro kwaiva nyaya dzeropa: vanababa vakauraya vanakomana vavo, vanakomana vakauraya madzibaba avo, uye vakoma vakaurayana. Chikamu chimwe muzvitatu chemadzimambo ose eThailand akaurayiwa nechisimba.
Chikamu chakanaka chenhoroondo