Muimba imwe neimwe yeThai inorembera mufananidzo waMambo Chulalongkorn, Rama V. Kazhinji akapfeka zvipfeko zvakatsvinda zvokuMadokero, anotarisa munyika nokuzvikudza. Uye nechikonzero chakanaka.
Anonzi Mambo Chulalongkorn Mukuru nekuda kwezvipo zvake zvakawanda mukugadzirisa nekuvandudza kweThailand uye nezvipo zvake zvehumiriri izvo zvakaponesa Thailand kubva mukupambwa nemasimba eWestern.
Mushure menguva pfupi yehupenyu hwake, tinomutevera pakufamba kwake kwakawanda, kutanga muAsia uye gare gare kuEurope. 'Kutsvaga Siwilai (budiriro)', 'Kutsvaga Kubudirira' vakararama panguva yake vaizvidaidza.
Ikoku kunoteverwa nemishumo miviri yenhau pamusoro peshanyo yake kuNetherlands (September 1897) yakabva mumapepanhau eDutch.
Chimiro chipfupi chehupenyu hwake
Chulalongkorn aiva mwanakomana waMambo Mongkut uye akaberekwa musi waSeptember 20, 1853. Baba vake, ivo pachavo vane utachiona hweWestern science virus, vakamupa dzidzo yakasimba, kazhinji nevadzidzisi veEurope vakadai saAnna Leonowens. Anonzi aitaura Chirungu nechiFrench zvakanaka.
Muna 1867, baba nemwanakomana vakaenda kumaodzanyemba kuti vaone kuora kwezuva. Vese vakarohwa nemarariya, Mongkut haana kurarama uye saka Chulalongkorn akava mambo aine makore gumi nemashanu (1868). Mushure mekutonga kwemakore mashanu uye imwe nguva semumongi, akazogadzwa korona muna 1873.
Kunyange ipapo, mushure mekufamba nzendo dzakawanda kuAsia, aive nechokwadi chekuti Thailand yaifanira kugadzirisa. Kuramba kubva kuvakuru vedare vane simba kwakaita kuti hurongwa uhu hufambe nehozhwa pakutanga. Asi kubva muna 1880 Chulalongkorn akatora simba rose uye humambo hwakakwana hwakazvarwa.
Shanduko dzake dzakanga dzakawanda. Akagadza hurumende kuMadokero, kana kuti, pamuenzaniso wekoloni, iyo yekutanga yakawedzera simba rayo pamusoro peThailand yose. Akabvisa uranda uye serfdom. Akagadzira mauto nemapurisa ane hunyanzvi aibatsira mukati mekoloni kuchamhembe nekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva. Akasimudzira dzidzo uye zvishoma nezvishoma akatanga tsika yeBangkok Buddhism kunyika yose.
Akabudirira, nekumwe kutenderwa kwenzvimbo, mukukanganisa masimba emakoloni, France neEngland. Bangkok raive rimwe remaguta ekutanga pasirese ane magetsi, uye zvivakwa zvakaita semitsetse yeteregirafu, migwagwa nezvitima zvakatangwa. List iyi haina kukwana. Akawana kurudziro nokuda kwechinjo dzose idzi mukati menzendo dzake dzakawanda dzatinokurukura zvino.
Yekutanga kufamba muAsia, 1871-1896
Kubva munaKurume 9 kusvika Kubvumbi 15, 1871, Chulalongkorn, aive nemakore gumi nemasere, achiperekedzwa nevarume mazana maviri nevasere, vakaita rwendo rwekudzidza kuenda kuJava, kuburikidza neSingapore. Akanga ari mambo wekutanga weSiamese kubuda kunze kwenyika yake munguva yerunyararo. PaJava ainyanya kudzidza hutungamiriri hwemaDutch muEmpire yeInsulinde.
Pakupera kwa1871 kusvika 1872, achiperekedzwa nevarume makumi mana, akaenda parwendo rwemazuva makumi mapfumbamwe nemaviri rwefundo kuMelaka, Burma uye kunyanya India uko akafamba neImperial Railway kuburikidza neDelhi kubva kuCalcutta kuenda kuBombay. Zvakare ikozvino yaive chinangwa chekutarisa kutonga kweBritish muIndies.
Muna 1888 na1890, mambo, zvino ava nemakore 35, akaenda kumatunhu ekuchamhembe kweMalaysia, akadai seKelatan, Pattani, Penang neKedah, panguva iyoyo yakanga ichiri yeSiamese, parwendo rwekumiririrwa neBritain sezvo British yakafambira mberi munzvimbo iyoyo.
Muna 1896 aizoshanyirazve Java, kwaaifarira kuenda, kwenguva yakati, pamwe chete namambokadzi wake wokutanga, Saowapha.
Idzi nzendo dzese dzaive sosi yekurudziro kuChulalongkorn mukugadzirisa kwakazotevera.
Mambo Chulalongkorn Mukuru (Rama V) paHua Lamphong chiteshi chechitima (ParnupongMax / Shutterstock.com)
Nzendo dzekuEurope 1897 uye 1907
Nzendo idzi dzaive dzakasiyana zvachose nedzakapfuura. Hapasisina nzendo dzekufunda, asi kukunda kwepamutemo uye nekukunda kwakasimbisa hutongi hweSiam senyika yechizvino uye inofambira mberi pa (inenge) nhanho yakaenzana nenyika dzeEurope.
Chulalongkorn akabva Bangkok parwendo rwake rwekutanga muna 1897 muna Kubvumbi 7 uye akadzokera kuSiam munaGunyana 16 wegore iroro. Akasvika muVenice achibva ashanyira nyika gumi neina dzekuEurope kusanganisira Russia. MuGermany akapedza nguva muBaden Baden kuti arapwe chirwere cheitsvo chaaizofa muna 14.
Akashanya Nederland kubva Muvhuro 6 kusvika China 9 September 1897. Akadya naMambokadzi Regent Emma naMambokadzi Wilhelmina (waiva nemakore 17) paHet Loo Palace uye akatora rwendo rwengoro kuburikidza neAmsterdam. Izvi zvakashumwa zvakanyanya mumapepanhau eDutch. Ona mapepanhau maviri ari pasi apa.
Rwendo muna 1907, rwakatora mwedzi inopfuura 7, rwakanga rusina pamutemo, kunyange zvazvo akanga achiri kusaina chibvumirano muParis pakutsinhana kwenzvimbo. Matunhu maviri ekuchamhembe, Siem Reap neBattambang muCambodia yanhasi akaenda kuFrance, uye nharaunda iri kumadokero kweMekong yakatenderedza Loei padyo neChanthaburi uye Traat yakaenda kuSiam.
MuMannheim akashanyira Modern Arts Exhibition nevazhinji Impressionists vakadai saVan Gogh naGauguin.
Parwendo urwu akanyorera mumwe wevanasikana vake makumi matatu tsamba, idzo dzakazotsikiswa muchimiro chebhuku dzine zita rekuti Klai Bâan 'Kure Kubva Kumba'.
Mambo Chulalongkorn aive nekuseka kukuru. Panguva yekudya kwemanheru nemhuri yehumambo hweDenmark, Princess Marie akamubvunza kuti nei aive nevakadzi vakawanda kudaro. "Ndizvo mhamha nekuti ndanga ndisati ndasangana nemi," akapindura achingwarisa.
Dzidzo yake mu'Grand Palace' yaigara ichivhenekerwa kusvika pakati pehusiku, akanga ari murume anobishaira uye akangwara.
Mambo Chulalongkorn akafa muna Gumiguru 23, 1910, aine makore makumi mashanu nemanomwe chete, kubva kuchirwere cheitsvo, achisiya vana makumi manomwe nevaviri uye nyika isingazivikanwe. Zuva iri rinopembererwa gore rega rega muThailand. Wan Piyá Máhǎarâat rinonzi zuva iroro, Zuva raMambo wedu Mukuru Anodiwa. Kuremekedzwa kwakakosha kwakakura kwakapoteredza munhu wake, kunyanya nekuda kweboka repakati raibuda.
Newspaper of the North
Vrijdag 10 gunyana 1897
Kushanya kwenguva pfupi
Kubva kuAmsterdam vanotinyorera neChitatu:
Somdetsch phra para less maha Chulalongkorn anga ari pano. Hauzvizivi here? Zvakanaka, haasi shamwari yedu chaiyo: asi takamuona, Hosana! Ndiye HM Mambo weSiam.
Kuma half past twelve HM akabva asvika apa achiperekedzwa nebrown retinue. Meya nevakuru vaviri vakagamuchira vaenzi vakatanhamara, avo vakabva vatora nzvimbo dzavo mungoro kuti vashanyire. Chikafu chemasikati chakapihwa mu't Amstel Hotel. Zvino kumwe kushanya uye parwendo irworwo kwakashanyira Rijks-Museum. Pfuma yemifananidzo uye miunganidzwa yakawanda inokosha inofanira kunge yakakurudzira vashanyi zvikuru. Kubva ipapo kuenda kufekitari yaVaCoster inocheka madhaimani muZwanenburgerstraat. Kuratidzwa patafura kwemiriyoni yemadhaimani! Machinda akanyanya kuwana kugaya uye kupatsanura, muchidimbu, iyo indasitiri yese inonakidza uye yakakumbira kero kadhi yefemu. Odha ichatevera here?
Kuti tipe pfungwa yekufamba kwekutengeserana muguta redu, takatyairawo tichitevedza Handelskade neRuyterkade. Kudzokera kuchiteshi nenguva dza 24:XNUMX. Chokwadi vanhu vaive vakadungamidzana munzira. Kwete chidimbu chekufarira, zvisinei; Izvo, nenzira, zvinonzwisisika: hazvina kupenya zvakakwana! HM akanga akapfeka zviri nyore; mune zvematongerwo enyika uye kupfeka chivharo chena; Vateveri vake vakatakura rutivi rwakakwirira. Takanzwa kugomera kwemukadzi: 'ndimambo here? hapana mupfumi!' Anenge asina kuverenga kuti ZM ine mari inosvika mamiriyoni makumi maviri nemana pagore.
Kushanya kwamambo kwapera. Uye migumisiro yacho? Ngatitarisire kuwedzera hukama hwedu hwekutengeserana; ndicho chinhu chenguva yemberi. Uye nokuda kwezvino isu tatova nekutakura kwakanaka - mambo akataura patafura kuti aifarira kutambura Holland neDutch! - kutumirwa kwakanaka kwemabhoni nemichinjikwa. Minister De Beaufort, avo vatakaona mungoro yechina, vakatove vakashongedzwa. VaPierson, varipowo, vanogona kutarisira zvishoma. Ketelaar anga asipo, zvimwe…….
Chifananidzo cheChulalongkorn, aka King Rama V naMahitala Dhibesra Adulyadej Vikrom paKlang Hospital muBangkok (kimberrywood / Shutterstock.com)
New Amsterdam Courant
General Trade Journal
Svondo Gunyana 5, 1897 (edition yemanheru)
Kushanya kwaMambo weSiam
Humambo hwake Paraminda Maha Chulalongkorn, Mambo weSiam Maodzanyemba uye Maodzanyemba uye wevose Vanotsamira, Mambo weLates, Malay, Karen, etc. pekugara, uko uyu mambo wekuMabvazuva achagara kusvika China, Zvita 2.
Sezvatotaurwa, mambo anoperekedzwa pakushanya kwake nevakoma vake, machinda Svasti Sobhana naSvasti Mahisza.
Retinue yeHM inoumbwa nevanotevera vanoremekedzwa: General Phya Siharaja Tep, Adjutant General weHM; mutongi wedare Phya Suriyaraja kana Bijai; mutungamiriri wa Mr. Ms. cabinet Phya Srisdi; Lieutenant Colonel Phra Ratanakosa Council of Legation vakamirira bazi rezvekunze kwenyika; Nai Cha Yuad, chamberlain; captain Laang; chambermaid Nai Rajana; adjutant secretary we cabinet Nai Bhirma Page.
Akawedzerwawo kumachinda ndiPrince Charoon weNares.
Marquis De Maha Yota, Nhume yeSiam kuLondon, yakatenderwawo kuDare redu, pamwe chete naMessrs. Loftus, Attaché-Interpreter, naVerney, Munyori wechiRungu kuSiamese Legation, vachave chikamu chevachagarwa naChangamire panguva yekugara kwake kuThe. Netharenzi.
Chinangwa ndechekuti Mambo achashanyira Her Majesties the Queens kuHet Loo Palace neChipiri 7 Zvita, nepo Chitatu chaizoitirwa kushanya kuAmsterdam. Tichifunga nezvenguva pfupi yeZr. Ms. gara hako munyika usawana mukana.
Gare gare tinodzidza kuti Chipiri chinotevera Mambo weSiam achagamuchirwa kuLoo uye hombe yekudya kwemanheru ichaitika ipapo.
- Repost meseji -
Tino,
Uye kutenda zvakare kune yakanaka, inoverengwa uye inonakidza chikamu chenhoroondo.
Chokwadi vanasikana makumi matatu vangagoneka nevakadzi/naamai zana? Asi hongu, vamwe varume havagone kugutsa mukadzi mumwechete.....Varume veThai vanogona zvakawanda...
Mambo Mongkut, Rama IV, aivawo nevana vanenge 80 vakangofanana naMambo Chulalongkorn, Rama V. Asi kufa pakati pevana ivavo vose kwakanga kwakakwirira zvikuru uye vashomanene vakasvika pazera ramakore makumi mana. Zvinofungidzirwa kuti izvi zvakakonzerwa nehupamhi hwekuberekesa: vakadzi vana vokutanga veChulalongkorn BV vaiva hanzvadzi dzake, baba vamwe, amai vakasiyana. Kuroorana kwacho kwainge kwatekesherawo.
Madzimambo akazotevera, Rama VI naRama VII, vose vakanga vasina vana.
Kururamisa kudiki, Rama VI aive nemwana, mwanasikana: Bejaratana Rajasuda akafa muna 2011.
Tichifunga nezvechimiro cheRama VI, ichi chishamiso. Mararamiro ake akakonzera kusawirirana munhandare dzemuzinda nemauto, asi izvi zvakavanzwa munhoroondo yepamutemo.
Ndine urombo, Rama VI aive nemwana, mwanasikana, akaberekwa achangofa kana kuti asati afa, handiyeuki, uyu:
Princess Bejaratana Rajasuda (Thai: เพชรรัตนราชสุดา; 1925-2011). Rajasuda zvinoreva 'mwanasikana wamambo'.
Inoverengwa kwazvo! Ndatenda neizvi.
Ndatenda nekuda kwechinyorwa ichi chakanaka uye chinoverengeka.
Kune vanofarira: rimwe pepanhau rinoshuma.
Nieuwsblad van het Noorden, Gunyana 12, 1897
Tsamba dzeHague
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Parizvino kuyerera kwenzou dzeSiamese nekorona dzepamba hakuna kunyanya kusviba uye kuwanda. Kubva pakaparadzirwa shoko rekuti Chulalongkorn aizouya sei munyika yedu, moyo mizhinji yakatanga kurova nekukurumidza netarisiro inofadza. Munhu wokuMabvazuva akadaro, zvaifungwa, anofanira kuva ane rupo nemarabhoni. Uye murume haana kudaro, asi anofarira kuva nechinhu chine ruvara chakadaro pamusoro pechigamba chebhachi rake rekuruboshwe. Zvakare mune izvi kune vanhu vazhinji vanoshuvira muDan Haag. Uye ikozvino kune dhipoziti yakaenzana, pane mukana wekuwana shumba yezuva kana chinwiwa kana bolivar kana chiPutukezi chakanaka, asi mitengo ichiri kudhura. Masangano ari mumichinjikwa anovimbisa kuti gwaro haripindi. Kushanya kwamambo wokuMabvazuva kunowanzodurura bhegi rose remaribhoni pavanhu, kungofanana nerwiyo rwaDe Genestet rwenyika yeKokanje.
Zvinoita sekuti HM Chulalongkorn anga achiodza moyo mune izvi. Mumwe anorangarira mazuva emufaro ekuuya kwaNasr-Eddin wePezhiya, uye kuti kwakava nekukakavadzana sei ipapo. Asi maSiamese haana kudaro. Vamiriri vake nevamwe vamiririri vanoita se "vanofungidzira" zvishoma munzira iyi pakusava nematuro kwevachena, - izvo zvinogona kungobatsira chiremera chaSiam.
Ehe ndakaona Chulalongkorn kakawanda panguva yekugara kwake muHague. Munhu akadaro zvokuti haakwanisi kuzvigutsa zvakakwana nechitarisiko cheHukuru; kwete imwe ine papier-mâché korona kubva ku 'Hamlet' kana chimwe chinhu chenhanho, asi chaiyo!
Vanhu vari pano vakangofarira mukana wekuona murume mudiki ane brown ari Heer kuBangkok. Pese paipfuura mudungwe wacho vanhu vainge vakatutirana kunge mhondoro. Panhambo yakadaro munhu anoshamiswa zvakare nechiverengero chisingatauriki chavanhu vane nguva pamaawa ose ezuva yokusaita chinhu kwamaawa! Vashandi, vasikana venhando, vanaamai, vana vechikoro, madzimai nevarume, mabhiza emuhofisi, nezvimwewo, zvichingodaro, nokushivirira vakamirira ipapo kuti mudungwe upfuure. KuMabvazuva, uko kuchema kuri chinhu chinozivikanwa navose, munhu angafunga kudaro, somuSpain neItaly, uko vanhu vanoitawo usimbe. Asi muno muMadokero akabatikana, ane mhirizhonga, 'edemocracy'! Icho chiri uye chinoramba chiri chiitiko chakajairika.
Mambo weSiam akakodzera kuona. Kusiyana nevakuru vePezhiya, avo vanouya kuzotifadza nechitarisiko chavo, iye munhu anofadza, anonzwira tsitsi, ane ushamwari. Pachiso chake chakacheneruka, chiyeuchidzo chakasimba chemhando yeMongolia, ine jeti-dema ndebvu pasi pemhino yake yakafara, huchokwadi, moyo wakanaka, uye kupfava kwemaonero zvinoratidzwa zvakajeka. Meso ake akanaka, akakura, akasviba kuti ndoo anotarisa mativi ose ane kutendeseka, kungwara. Makwazisa ake ane ruremekedzo uye ane hunhu. Chulalongkorn haasati ari mudiki anetsvina, ane tsvina, akashata, sezvatakaona achibva kuMabvazuva mumazuva apfuura. Iye murume ane tsika uye anonyatso anokurudzira tsitsi huru pakutanga kuona. Murangariro wacho wakaratidzirwawo mukushevedzera kwomufaro kwokufara uko ngoro ine muenzi wechienzi yakagamuchirwa nayo pano neapo. Kazhinji, varume veSiamese vanova vanhu vakasiyana zvakanyanya kupfuura kufunga kwakawanda. Kunyangwe nedzidzo ine ruzha mujogirafi, yakagamuchirwa pachikoro, pamwe saizi mbiri kana vatatu vevakomana gumi vaiziva nezve izvo Siam ndeye nyika, ndoda kuti iripi chaizvo. Vamwe vaifunga kuti vaizoona utsinye hwakawanda—vanodya vanhu, zvisikwa zvine ngozi zvokungwarira. Kana, zvino, mambo uyu akada kuratidza nyika kuti haasi munhu ane utsinye, asi ari mukuru anonzwira tsitsi weNyika yakabudirira, anenge aita chinangwa ichocho. Izvi zvinogona kunyanya kubatsira pakurwisa England. Kune korona yeChulalongkorn haina kujeka! VekuMadokero vanomurwisa kubva kumativi maviri uye zvinoda hutongi hwakanyanya kuti arambe ari kunze kwemaoko e'budiriro' yeWetersche! Pakudya kwemanheru muAmsterdam anofanira kunge akataura zvakanyanya nezveHolland-iye, muvakidzani weHumambo hukuru hweInsulinde, uyo, zvechokwadi, achazadzwa neruremekedzo rukuru rweNetherlands. Ini ndinofunga zvine musoro uye zvakakodzera kuti muchinda weSiamese agamuchirwe zvine ruremekedzo uye nemazvo. Icho chiitiko chehungwaru uye kutendeseka kwakakodzera kune nyika iri padyo nehupfumi hwedu kuEast.
Vamwe vangu vemutaundi, ndinofunga, vafunga zvishoma nezverutivi urwu rwemubvunzo pane kufara mune kumwe kunakidzwa. Iwe wakaverenga kuti vanhu vakatsikitsira sei chimwe chezviteshi kunyange pakati pehusiku kuti vaone muchinda anoshamisa zvakare. Kunyanya nemamiriro ekunze asina kunaka, ayo anopedza mwaka wezhizha pamberi penguva dzose, izvi zvakapa kuvhiringidza kunogamuchirwa.
Izwi rekuti "kutonga" mune ino chinyorwa harina kunyanya kuita nekutonga, asi kunyanya nesangano (chimiro).
Ndinogona kufungidzira kuti mambo aifarira kufamba 🙂 ... vanasikana makumi matatu….
Vhidhiyo yekusvika muguta guru reSweden, Chikunguru 13, 2440.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cs3BBpfh4RE
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Uye pano kusvika muBern, Switzerland.
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QH8opFl8kK0
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Mafirimu haana kukosha zvakanyanya maererano nezviri mukati, asi zvakakosha kuti chiitiko ichi chakange chatotorwa panguva iyoyo. Sezviri pachena chakanga chiri chimwe chinhu chinokosha zvikuru.
Mavhidhiyo akanaka, ndatenda. Zvinoratidza kukudzwa kwakagamuchirwa naMambo weSiam.
Chakanyanya kukosha munzendo dzamambo mukuru uyu kwaivewo kushanya kwake kuBelgium kwaakasangana nemupi wemazano wake mukuru (1892-1901):
https://www.thailandblog.nl/geschiedenis/thailand-anno-1895/
Mambo Chulalongkorn akashanyirawo North Cape, nzvimbo yekuchamhembe kweNorway, vanototi inzvimbo yekuchamhembe zvakanyanya pakondinendi yeEurope… Ndakaita rombo rakanaka rekuona zuva repakati pehusiku ikoko… MuNorth Cape Museum, akamisa museum diki yeThai. Zvakanakisa! Semunhu animator weBelgian cruise nyanzvi "Nzira Dzose", ndakaendako katanhatu. Inowanikwa muNorth Cape Museum, mune imwe kamuri mukoridho pasi.