Rwendo kuburikidza neThailand yapfuura chikamu 5

Sezvakataurwa nemusayendisiti ane mukurumbira Carl Sagan, "Unofanira kuziva zvakapfuura kuti unzwisise zvazvino." Mune mamwe mazwi, "kunzwisisa kuti Thailand yemazuva ano yakaumbwa sei, zvakakodzera kutarisa nhoroondo".

Iyi nhevedzano inopa mhedziso yezviitiko kubva ku1967 kusvika 2017. Chikamu chega chega chinofukidza nguva yemakore mashanu uye chine chokwadi chekubata zvinoshamisa kune vanonyanya kuziva nhoroondo yeThai buffs.

Chikamu 5: Period 1987-1991

1987 ndiro gore Central Plaza Chiang Mai Airport (yakagadzwa seTantraphan Airport Plaza) yakavhurwa, pamwe neKasem Bundit University muBangkok neMitsubushi Motors (Thailand).
Phuket King's Cup Regatta yakagadzirwa kupemberera Hukuru Hwake Mambo Bhumibol Adulyadej's 60th yekuzvarwa uye ichiri chiitiko chakakosha munyika yezvikepe kusvika nhasi. Phayathai 2 chipatara chakazvimiririra, vanogadzira zvivakwa Raimon Land PCL uye TPI Polene PCL, mugadziri mukuru wesimende uye petrochemicals, akagadzwa zvakare. Vatorwa vanorarama neHIV vakarambidzwa kupinda muThailand uye mapaki akati wandei akavhurwa anosanganisira Namtok Chat Trakan mudunhu rePhitsanulok, Khao Laem muKanchanaburi, Mae Wong muNakhon Sawan neKamphaeng Province, Phu Chong-Na Yoi muUbon Ratchathani uye Phu Toei muSuphan. Buri.

Ndira

Mumamiriro ezvinhu ekuisa nyika senzvimbo yepamusoro yekuenda kune dzimwe nyika kune vashanyi, mushandirapamwe wakarongwa pasi pezita rekuti 'Visit Thailand Year'.

Bangkok Gavhuna Chamlong Srimuang akapa kurambidzwa kweguta rose kutengesa mumigwagwa, zvichikonzera kuratidzira kwevatengesi pamberi peGovernment House. Panguva imwe cheteyo, mukuru wemapurisa weBangkok Metropolitan Administration (BMA) akati vamiririri vake vanogona kusunga vanotengesa mumigwagwa kana vakavhara nzira.

Vanenge hafu yemiriyoni vakazvipira maBuddha vakauya vachibva kumativi ose enyika kuzoona mhemberero yekupisirwa chitunha kwaLuang Poo Waen Sujinno kuWat Doi Mae Pang muChiang Mai. Akanga ari mumwe wemamongi anoremekedzwa zvikuru muThailand. Vanosvika zviuru gumi zvemamongi echiBuddha vakapindawo mhemberero yeterevhizheni yenyika inotungamirwa naMambo naMambokadzi. Mumongi akafa musi waChikunguru 10.000, 2.

Imwe yemisasa yevapoteri yekutanga muThailand yevapoteri veCambodia, Khao-I-Dang, iri makiromita makumi maviri kubva kuAranyaprathet, yakavharwa sezvo hurumende yeThai yakatanga gadziriro yekutanga kudzoreredza mazana ezviuru zvevaCambodia vakatiza nyika makore gumi apfuura. crossed. Vapoteri vaiva muKhao-I-Dang vakatamisirwa kumisasa yenguva pfupi vasati vaendeswa kuCambodia.

Mazana emauto eThailand akaungana kunze kwemusha wevaimbove mutungamiriri wehurumende MR (Amai Rajawongse)* Kukrit Pramoj kuti akumbire ruregerero kubva kwaari nekutaura kuti General Chavalit Yongchaiyudt, mukuru-mukuru weRoyal Thai Army (RTA), 'mukomunisiti. '. Achitaura paChulalongkorn University nezveramangwana rezvematongerwo enyika eThai, Kukrit akati Chavalit "akapindwa muropa nemamwe macommunist achiti hakuchina macommunist. Vakakwenya munhu wese kuISOC (Internal Security Operation Command). Iyi ndiyo hwaro hwekupinzwa kwemacommunist." Mukutaura kumwe cheteko, Kukrit akatsoropodza Prime Minister Prem Tinsulanonda achiti hapana chaakawana uye akanga ava chimwe chinhu chakaita se "gentleman of leisure" (munhu asina mabasa uye mabasa). Kukrit akaramba kupomera Chavalit kuve mukomunisiti. Sachigaro weChamber, Chuan Leekpai, akatenda kuti varindi vanogona kuratidzira mushure mekupihwa mvumo nevakuru vavo.
*(Amai Rajawongse kana kuti MR izita rehumambo rinopihwa kutungamira vazukuru vemadzimambo eChakri vasiri mumutsara wekutevedzana. Mazita acho anotenderera nezvizvarwa zvitatu; Amai Chao, Amai Rajawongse naAmai Luang mushure mezvo voguma. Mr. Kukrit Pramoj aiva hama yechipiri yaMambo Rama II.

mei

Mambo akapihwa zita rekuti 'Mukuru' zvichitevera kuvhota kwakaitwa pakati pevanhu veThai. 34 mamiriyoni eThai akasarudza "Mambo Bhumibol Adulyade Mukuru" uye mamiriyoni matanhatu e "Mambo Mukuru Anodiwa". Pamabiko akaitwa neMutungamiriri wePrem kuImba yeHurumende, Prem akarumbidza mapurojekiti ekuvandudza kwaMambo uye vanoremekedzwa vemunharaunda nevekunze vakaimba 'Sadudi Maha Raja' mukukudza kwaMambo.

Juli

Bazi rinoona nezvemukati menyika rakurudzira kuvandudzwa kwemutemo wecondominium izvo zvinobvumidza vekunze kuti vatore zvikamu makumi maviri nezvishanu kubva muzana zvezvikamu zviri mudzimba. Nekurerutsa mitemo, hurumende yaitarisira kuti vekunze vatenge maflats pasi pemazita avo kwete mazita emakambani. Kufamba uku kunogona zvakare kubatsira kune vanogadzira zvivakwa.

Chirayu Issarangkul naAyutthaya vakasiya chigaro segurukota kuti vatore chinzvimbo semukuru weCrown Property Bureau. VaChirayu vanoti vanofara uye vanodada nekushandira humambo. Akagadzwa zvakare Grand Chamberlain uye Mutevedzeri weMunyori Mukuru we Bureau yeRoyal Household Bureau.

Augustus

Vanosvika mazana maviri masoja ePathet Lao akarwisa vachengeti veThai pamuganhu weThai-Laos une gakava pedyo nemusha weBan Rom Klao. Mauto eLaotian akati musha uye chikomo chePhu Soi Dao chaive chikamu cheLaos.

Vashandi vekuchengetedza veThai vakasunga Tomáš Beneš, wekuWest Germany anobva kuCzech uye chizvarwa cheBritish Jeoffrey Higginson. Vese vari vaviri vaipomerwa mhosva yekuva nhengo dzesangano revasori muThailand uye kuonana nevasori veSoviet KGB. Musikana waBeneš wekuThai akashanda imba yekumassage paSukhumvit Road, kwaanonzi akasangana nevamiriri vedzimwe nyika nevamwe vanhu, vese veko nevekunze, vanogona kunge vaine ruzivo rwakadzama. Beneš anonzi akapa ungwaru kuKGB. Maererano nekutaura kwake, Higginson akadzidziswa muSoviet Union kwemazuva mashanu. Hazvina kujeka kana Beneš naHigginson vaizivana. Varume vaviri ava vakadzingwa kubva kuThailand mukati memavhiki maviri ekusungwa kwavo.

Mumwe mukadzi ane makore makumi maviri nemashanu okukura wekuThai ane hurefu hwemamita 25 akaenda kuBangkok kunosangana nevakuru veBazi rezvehutano. Mukadzi uyu akakumbira rubatsiro kuhurumende mushure mekunge audzwa kuti vanachiremba vaigona kumuvhiya kuti asakura. Mudzimai uyu asina kudurwa zita rake anoti hupenyu hwemumusha mavo hwakamuomera uye aibatwa zvisina kunaka nekuda kwehurefu hwake.

Oktober

Iyo Thailand Cultural Center yakavhurwa mudunhu reHuay Kwang muBangkok. Kuvhura kwacho kwaiva chikamu chekusvitsa kwamambo makore makumi matanhatu. Nzvimbo yemagariro inosanganisira horo yezvigaro 60, imba ye2.000-zvigaro uye nhandare yekunze. Kuvakwa kwenzvimbo iyi kwakatsigirwa nemari kubva kuJapan.

Mutambi weThai ane mukurumbira Sombat Metanee akapinda muGuinness Book of World Records kune akanyanya kuoneka skrini - mazana matanhatu mune ese. Sombat aive mutambi anotungamira mumabhaisikopo ekuita, dzerudo, madhirama, makomedhi nemimhanzi. Kubudirira kwayo kwaive makumi matanhatu nemakumi manomwe. Mumakore ekuma600 akanga achiri kuonekwa mumasepe eTV, mashoo ehurukuro uye kushambadzira.

Mbudzi

Iyo Rama IX Bridge yakavhurwa zviri pamutemo pachiitiko chekuuya kwaMambo 60th zuva rekuzvarwa musi wa5 Zvita. Prem akapa kero yekuvhura uye akatungamira mhemberero inotungamirwa naHer Royal Highness Maha Chakri Sirindhorn. Vamhanyi vanenge 85.000 XNUMX vakatora chikamu mu'Royal Marathon' pakuvhurwa.

Kuisirwa mwoyo kwekutanga muThailand kwakaitwa pamurume ane makore gumi nemapfumbamwe epaChulalongkorn Hospital muBangkok. Chikwata chevanachiremba chinotungamirwa naDr. Chavalit Ongcharit akaita kuvhiya kwakabudirira kwemaawa mana.

1988

Muna 1988, Chaopraya University yakavambwa muNakhon Sawan Province. Sangano reNGO Development and Education Programme for Daughters and Communities risingaite purofiti rakavambwa kudzivirira kubhinywa kwevana nechipfambi uye kudzivirira kodzero dzevadiki. Sangano reChristian NGO, rinozivikanwa seRahab Ministries Thailand, rakavambwawo kuti ripe rubatsiro kuvakadzi nevana vakabatwa nekutengesa vanhu nechipfambi. Hurumende yakafunga kumisa dhamu reNam Choan kumadokero kweThailand nekuda kwekupikisa kwemuno nekunze. Safari World yakavhurwa mudunhu reKlong Sam Wa muBangkok. Bato reBuddha-rakafemerwa Palang Dharma rakavambwa serudzi rwebapiro rezvematongerwo enyika reSanti Asoke sect, rakavambwa nagavhuna weBangkok, Chamlong. Bato iri rakaparara muna 2007.

Ndira

Chin Sophonpanich, mumwe wevanhu vakapfuma muAsia uye muvambi weBangkok Bank muna 1944, akafa nekuda kwekutadza kwemoyo uye matambudziko kubva kuchirwere cheshuga. Sophonpanich akaberekerwa kuChina muna 1910 uye akatamira kuSiam paaiva nemakore gumi nemanomwe.

Mushure memakore makumi matatu nerimwe ekushanda, Erawan Hotel ine nhurikidzwa ina padyo neRajprasong mharadzano yakavharwa uye yakaputswa. Mumazuva ayo, hotera iyi yaifarirwa nevanhu vane mukurumbira nevanoremekedzwa vekunze, asi nekukwira kwemahotera eumbozha kwese kwese Bangkok, mitengo yekugara yakadzikira uye hotera yehurumende yakamanikidzwa kuvhara.

Huwandu hwevaparadzanisi mazana matanhatu nemakumi mana nevamwechete vakazvipira uye vakaita mhiko yekuvimbika kuhumambo mumutambo wakatungamirwa naGeneral Chavalit. Kukanda mapfumo pasi kwakaonekwa sedanho rakakosha rekupedza kurwa kweropa kweavo vaida nyika inozvitonga kumaodzanyemba ine ruzhinji rweMuslim. Kupanduka uku kwakanzi kwakaitwa naLieutenant General Shanyira Artkhumwong weChina Mauto nekuda kwekubudirira kwechirongwa chekugadzirisa chakatangwa muna Gumiguru 641.

Kukadzi

Chibvumirano chekumisa mhirizhonga chakasainwa pakati peThailand neLaos mushure memwedzi yekurwa pamusoro pemakiromita makumi manomwe emakiromita enzvimbo ine makomo mudunhu rePhitsanulok. Varwi vanodarika mazana mashanu, vazhinji vacho veLao, vakaurayiwa muhondo.

Muchinda weChirungu Charles naLady Diana vakaenda kunoonana naMambo naMambokadzi paChitralada Palace. Muchinda namambokadzi vakabva vabhururuka kuenda kuChiang Mai uko Muchinda Charles akashanyira chirongwa chehumambo muHuay Hong Khrai. Princess Diana akashanyira yakakurumbira Bo Sang amburera fekitori.

Vakuru vezvetsika pachiteshi cheKlong Toey muBangkok vakabata makirogiramu 1280 eheroin yaienda kuUnited States. Yakanga iri dhaka guru repasi rose rine mutengo wemumugwagwa muBangkok we 180 miriyoni baht uye yakakura 51 bhiriyoni baht muUS.

Kurume

Maawa 24 chete pashure pokunge basa ratanga paThai-Belgian Bridge pamharadzano yeWireless, Sathorn neRama IV, zambuko rakanga ragadzirira kufamba kwemotokari.

Kubvumbi

Mutambi weHollywood Elizabeth Taylor uye anodhindisa magnate Malcolm Forbes vanopinda mumvura yeThai vari muForbes 'yacht Highlander. Vakakurumbira vakadya kudya kwemasikati neMutungamiriri wePrem Prem kuHurumende House uye vakapinda kudya kwemanheru kwakarongwa neMunyori weHurumende Siddhi Savetsila neRockefeller Foundation kuunganidza mari yevanachiremba vekuThai vanoda kudzidza nezvezvirwere zvinopisa paRockefeller University muNew York.

Juli

Sarudzo huru dzakaitwa musi wa24 Chikunguru. Vakapinda vaiva 63,6%. Chart Thai Party inotungamirwa naChatichai Choonhavan yahwina zvigaro makumi masere nezvinomwe, ichiteverwa neSocial Action Party inotungamirwa naSiddhi Savetsila ine zvigaro makumi mashanu nezvina. Bato reDemocratic Party rinotungamirwa naVaBhichai Rattakul rawana zvigaro makumi mana nemasere. United Thai Party nePalang Dharma Party vakahwina zvigaro makumi matatu nemana negumi nemana zvichiteerana.
Mushure mekunge General Prem varamba kukokwa kwemapato mashanu emubatanidzwa kuti vadzoke semukuru wehurumende, Chatichai Choonhavan akava mutungamiriri mutsva.

Oktober

Manookrit Roopkachorn, mutungamiriri wokupandukira kwakakundikana muna September 1985, akadzokera kuThailand pashure peanopfuura makore matatu ari nhapwa muGermany. Iye nevamwe vatungamiri vekupandukira hurumende, kusanganisira munun’una wake Manase, vakaregererwa. Mukadzi wechiThai, mauto maviri uye vatori venhau vaviri vekune dzimwe nyika vakaurayiwa mukuedza kupidigura hurumende.

Mbudzi

11th century Narai Bantomsin lintel yakasvika paDon Muang Airport nendege yekuAmerica. Chishongo chinokosha chamwari wechiHindu Vishnu ari panzvimbo yakatsenhama chakabiwa mutemberi muBuriram mumaXNUMX. Iyo lintel yakabva yatengeswa kune mutengesi weNew York antiques uye yakatengwa nemuunganidzi wemifananidzo akaiisa kuChicago Art Institute. Kudzoka kwechigadzirwa chinodiwa chakakurukurwa kweinopfuura gore pakati peChicago Museum nehurumende yeThai. Vazhinji vagari veThai vanogara muUS, pamwe nevezvematongerwo enyika, vamiriri uye mapoka akasiyana ezvidzidzo akakumbira kuti vadzoke.

Mushure mechikamu chechina chezana ramakore rekuchera uye kudzoreredza basa, nyanzvi dzekune dzimwe nyika neThai dzakadzoreredza zvishoma 193 tembere dzeBuddhist, moats uye zvimwe zvivakwa zvakaumba chikamu chakakosha cheguta rekare reSukhothai makore 700 apfuura. Kuedza kuchengetedza Sukhothai kwakatanga muna 1953 uye kwakatangazve mushure menguva yekusaita basa pakati pemakore ekuma1978. Kuedza kwakatanga kukurumidza muna 10 mushure mekunge hurumende yeThai neUNESCO yatanga chirongwa chemakore gumi, $10 miriyoni master plan.

1989

1989 ndiro gore iro Total Access Communication PCL, inozivikanwa zviri nani seDTAC, yakavambwa. Kambani yemagweta Tilleke & Gibbins yakavhura museum wayo we Counterfeit Goods muBangkok. Iyo Thai Human Imagery Museum muNakhon Pathom Province uye kambani yenhau Workpoint Entertainment PCL yakavambwa uye kufamba kwakave nyore kune vashanyi uye vagari venzvimbo nekuvhurwa kwePattaya Railway Station muBang Lamung Dunhu reChonburi Province uye Samui Airport, yakavakwa neBangkok Airways paKoh. Samui.

Ndira

Mumwe pfuti akauraya Saleh al-Malik masikati machena apo munyori wechitatu weSaudi Arabia Embassy muBangkok achifamba paSoi Pipat 1 Road pedyo neSathorn Road. Maererano nemumwe chapupu, mumwe murume akaita semuArabu akatevera mumiriri uyu ndokupfura mabara masere. Malik akarohwa mumusoro kanokwana kana ndokufa pakarepo, achisiya mudzimai ane pamuviri, mwanasikana ane makore matatu uye mwanakomana ane mwedzi misere. Kutsvaga kukuru kwemhondi kwakatanga mushure mekupfurwa. Saudi Arabia yakaratidza kushushikana nekurwiswa uku uye yakakurudzira kuchengetedzwa kwakanyanya kune vamiriri vavo muBangkok.

Mutungamiriri weCambodian, Hun Sen, akashanya muchivande kuThailand kunosangana neMutungamiri Chatichai. Kunyangwe Gurukota rezvekunze, VaSitthi, vakamboti vanga vasingazive nezvemusangano uyu, asi vemauto vakazoramba izvi. Hun Sen anonzi akagara husiku kuBang Saen muChonburi asati asangana nemutungamiri wehurumende kumba kwake kuSoi Ratchakhru. Chatichai akati kushanya uku hakureve kuti Bangkok inoziva hutongi hwaHanoi hwakaiswa muCambodia. Source akati kushanya kwaHun Sen kwakarongwa nemukuru wemauto Chavalit.

Chalerm Thai Theatre yakavharwa mushure memakumi mashanu emakore ekuratidzwa kwemafirimu uye yakadzokera zviri pamutemo kuBazi reMari kuti igadzirire nzira yekuvakwa kweimba yekugamuchira yehumambo uye chifananidzo chaMambo Rama III. Imba yemitambo yaive nevashandi makumi mashanu nevatatu, vese vakawana mari dzekurovha. Zvizhinji zvemichina yemitambo yemitambo yakapihwa kuNational Film Archive.

Mutungamiriri wenyika, VaChatichai, vakasimbisa kuti vekunze havabvumidzwe kutenga "inch yenharaunda yeThai" kana hurumende yaisa mutemo. Mutungamiriri wehurumende akakumbira mukuru webazi reLand Department kuti vazivise dare remakurukota pamusoro pemitemo yemutemo wakadhindwa kuti uomerwe pakutenga minda nevekunze. Mutemo waibvumidza makambani akazvimirira ega ane makambani ekunze nerubatsiro rwekudyara mari kutenga ivhu, asi kwete kune vekunze.

Kurume

Somchai Khunpluem akakunda musarudzo kuti ave meya wekutanga weBang Sean Municipality mudunhu reChonburi. Somchai, anozivikanwa zviri nani saKamnan Poh, haana kupokana. Aizivikanwa se "Godfather of Chon Buri".

mei

Mauto eThai neBurmese akarwisana mushure mekunge mauto eBurmese angangosvika mazana mana akapakatira zvombo zvidiki, zvinosanganisira pfuti nemichina, apinda mudunhu reThailand reMae Sot. Yakanzi isati yatanga kurwisana, vaBurmese vakarwisa nzvimbo huru yevapanduki inogarwa nevanenge 400 vedzinza reKaren neKachin vapanduki uye vadzidzi vasingateereri.

Dhipatimendi reMasango rakati kupindirwa kubva kumabasa ekushanya kwakapa njodzi kune zvitsuwa zvePhi Phi kunyangwe nzvimbo yezvitsuwa yakanzi ipaki yenyika muna 1983.

Paramende yeThailand yapasisa chisungo chinopa Bazi rezvekurima simba rekukanzura chibvumirano chekutema matanda uye kutora matanda anenge akohwewa kudzamara zvazivikanwa zviri pamutemo. Gurukota rezvekurima, VaSanan Kachornprasat, vakati danho iri rakakosha zvichitevera mafashama aNovember 1988 akauraya vanhu vanosvika mazana mana kuSouth. Mafashamu aya anonzi akakonzerwa nekutema matanda munzvimbo dzine mvura. Kuitira hanya kutsakatika kwokukurumidza kwemasango kwakabetserawo kukurambidzwa kwedare remakurukota, uko kwakaponesa raini mamiriyoni 400 esango.

Juni

Bazi rezveutano rakazivisa kuti maapuro anobva kuUnited States ane huwandu hune ngozi hwemakemikari anogona kukonzera kenza. Minister Chuan Leekpai vakati maapuro akaedzwa mumisika yeBangkok airatidza mazinga asina kuchengetedzeka edaminozide, kemikari yakapfapfaidzwa pamuchero kugadzirisa kukura.

7-Eleven yakavhura bazi rayo rekutanga muThailand pakona yePatpong neSurawong. Muridzi weFranchise Charoen Pokphand (CP) akapa kodzero dzekushanda kuzvitoro zviri nyore izvo zvabuda muhuwandu hukuru munyika yose.

Juli

Mumutongo wakareba kwazvo wemujeri wakambotemerwa nedare munhoroondo yeThai, mambokadzi wemafuta emafuta Chamoy Tipyaso nevamwe vanomwe vaaishanda navo vakagamuchira makore 143.965 ehutsotsi. Zvakatora vatongi vatatu maawa maviri kuti vaverenge mutongo wakanyorwa nemaoko wemapeji 186 wakawana vapomeri vasere vaine mhosva yekubira vatengi 16.231 ne4,6 bhiriyoni yekukuvadza. Zvakadaro, vangangoshanda makore makumi maviri chete nekuda kwebumbiro remutemo rakagadziridzwa raiti mutongo wakateedzana wakateedzana wemamwe mhosva haungapfuuri makore makumi maviri.

Oktober

Mutambi wekuBritain anonzi Billy Idol nevamwe vake vakaparadza masutu emahotera panguva yekushanya kuThailand. Maneja weRoyal Cliff Hotel muPattaya akati muimbi neshamwari dzake vakakonzeresa inodarika mazana mashanu ezviuru baht mukukuvara mumahotera matatu akasiyana: Royal Cliff, Oriental Bangkok neRoyal Orchid Sheraton muBangkok. Mapurisa akadaidzwa asi hapana matanho emutemo akatorwa nekuti Idol yaipa muripo wemari. Kukuvadzwa kweRoyal Cliff kwaisanganisira TV yakaputsika, macheya akati wandei, matafura, teak fenicha uye mahwindo egirazi akapwanyika. Mune imwe kamuri, chandelier nerambi rose zvakaparadzwa. Imwe nhare inotambira yakasiiwa muzvikamu makumi maviri.

Zvita

Chibvumirano pakati peHurumende yeMalaysia neMalayan Communist Party (MCP) chekupedza kurwisana chakasainwa chikasimbiswa neMCP nehurumende yeMalaysian neThai paLee Gardens Hotel muHat Yai. Chibvumirano chakaratidza kupera kwemhirizhonga yemakominisiti yeMalaysia muna 1968-89 chaida kuti MCP iparadze mauto ayo, imise mabasa echiuto, iparadze zvombo uye ipike kuvimbika kuna Hukuru Yang di Pertuan Agong wekuMalaysia. Nhumwa dzekuMalaysia dzaisanganisira Wan Sidek Wan Abdul Rahman, Munyori Mukuru weBazi rezvemukati menyika. Rutivi rweThai rwakamiririrwa, pakati pevamwe, Anek Sithipresasana, Munyori Mukuru weMutungamiriri Wemukati. MCP yanga yakamirirwa nemunyori wayo.

1990

1990 raive gore rekuvhurwa kweCentral World shopping plaza uye yakaoma muBangkok neMepu Ta Phut Industrial Estate mudunhu reRayong. Bato reNew Aspiration rakaumbwa naGeneral Chavalit mushure mekusiya basa semukuru weRTA. Central Group yakatanga iyo posh ZEN Department Store uye IT yekukurukurirana conglomerate True Corporation yakatangwa sechikamu cheCP Group.

Ndira

Chamlong akasarudzwa zvakare kuva gavhuna weBangkok, akahwina matunhu ese eguta makumi matatu nematanhatu nezvikamu makumi matanhatu neimwe muzana yemavhoti. Bato rake rePalang Dharma rakahwina ruzhinji rwakajeka mukanzuru yekanzuru, richitora makumi mashanu pazvigaro makumi mashanu nenomwe.

Kriangrai Techamong akasungwa achipomerwa mhosva yekuba matombo anokosha akawanda uye zvishongo zvinodarika 500 miriyoni baht kubva kuSaudi Arabian Prince Faisal Fahd Abdulaziz. Iye ane makore makumi maviri nemapfumbamwe akashanda semurimi pamuzinda weSaudi muRiyadh. Mushure mekudzokera kuThailand, Kriangrai akatengesa zvishongo kuburikidza nemurevereri. Vamwe vasungwa vatatu vakasungwa mukupera kwaZvita 29.

Bangkok Airways yakagamuchira mvumo kubva kubazi rezvekutakurwa uye Nhaurirano yekushandisa nzira nhanhatu dzepamba kubva kuU-Tapao Airport. Ndege yakapa ndege kuenda nekubva kuBangkok, Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Phuket, Hat Yai neHua Hin.

Kukadzi

Vakuru vatatu vemumiriri weSaudi Arabia muBangkok vakaurayiwa mukati memaminitsi mashanu emumwe nemumwe mupfuti mbiri dzakasiyana pavakasvika kudzimba dzavo kure nemakiromita. Vakaurayiwa vaive consul General Abdullah Abdel-Rahman al-Basri, vanonamatira Fahd Abdullah al-Bahli uye telex operator Ahmed Abdullah al-Seif. Saudi Arabia yakashora kuuraya uku ichiti mhondi idzi dzibatwe.

Kurume

Zvinoenderana neongororo yakaitwa neAsia Institute of Technology (AIT), Bangkok yakanyura kusvika masendimita zana nemakumi matanhatu pakati pa1960 na1988 uye budiriro yenzvimbo isina kurongwa iri kukonzera kudzikira. Iyo AIT yakati kuwedzera kusingadzoreki kwenzvimbo dzekugara uye maindasitiri kunze kweBangkok, uko kwakanga kusina nzira dzemvura dzepamusoro, kwakawedzera dambudziko reguta. Iyo subsidence yakanga ichiitika pamwero unotyisa weanopfuura 160 cm pagore uye yaive padanho rakakosha, mushumo weAIT wakataura.

Central Department Store yakazivisa hurongwa hwekuvhura zvitoro munyika yose mushure mekusaina chibvumirano chekurenda 16.000 square feet paKad Suan Kaew shopping centre muChiang Mai. Iyo yaizove yakakura retail cheni muguta rekuchamhembe. Samrit Chirathivat, mukuru weCentral Group, akati vakawana shamwari yeko kuti vagadzire bazi muKhon Kaen uye vaitsvaga nzvimbo yekuvaka chimwe chitoro kuSouth.

mei

Bazi rezvedzidzo rakabvuma kuvhura zvimwe zvikoro zvepasi rose muThailand, richirasa chisungo chedare remakurukota chinorambidza kuvhurwa kutsva. Muna 1990, kwaingova nezvikoro zvishanu zvepasi rese muThailand - zvina muBangkok uye chimwe muChiang Mai.

Hurumende yakaunza chimurenga chekusununguka kwezvidzoreso zvekuchinjana. Mutungamiri wehurumende, VaChatichai, vatungamira mhemberero dzekuzivisa chisungo chekuvandudza mitemo iyi zvichienderana nemitemo yeInternational Monetary Fund, IMF. IMF yakaita chiziviso chakafanana muWashington DC. Kusununguka kwacho kwakaratidza chimiro cheThailand chakasimba chehupfumi uye kugona kushandira zvikwereti zvayo kuIMF.

Oktober

Mumwe mudzidzi wepaRamkhamhaeng University akafira muchipatara chemapurisa mushure memazuva mana azvipisa nekuratidzira pakamba yemapurisa. Mutumbi wake wakaendeswa kumusha kwake mudunhu reNakhon Si Thammarat. Vamwe vadzidzi vapfumbamwe vakatyisidzira kuzvipisa vakasungwa nemapurisa. Kuratidzira kwakanyanya uku kwakakonzerwa nemisangano yevadzidzi yakaitika paine kunetsana kwakanyanya pakati pevadzidzi, mauto nehurumende. Gurukota rezvemukati menyika, VaBanharn Silpa-archa, vakapomera sangano rezvematongerwo enyika risingazivikanwe rinozivikanwa seRevolutionary Council nekunyengera vadzidzi. Vadzidzi ava vati hurumende yaVaChatichai ine huwori chose uye inofanira kusiya basa vakawanda.

Mbudzi

Guva guru rawanikwa mudunhu reKanchanaburi rine masara evasungwa vehondo nevaranda vakafa panguva yekuvakwa kwe "Death Railway" muBurma munguva yeHondo Yenyika II. Kucherwa kweguva kwakatanga mazuva mashoma kusati kwaitwa mutambo wepagore weRwizi Kwai Bridge uye kwakaitwa nePothipawana Songkroh Foundation, boka rechiBhudha rakazvipira kuona kuvigwa kwakakodzera. Vashandi gumi nevaviri vakachera zvisaririra mumunda wenzimbe. Guva revanhu vakawanda raive mamaira matatu kubva pabhiriji rakaitwa mukurumbira mufirimu reHollywood ra400 'The Bridge on the River Kwai'.

Zvita

Hurumende yakadzoreredza mitemo yekudzora indasitiri yemafirimu yeThai kuti iwedzere kukwikwidzana nezvinoitwa kunze kwenyika. Vagadziri vemafirimu vakakumbira hurumende kuti ipedze nguva yakawanda ichicheka mitengo yekuongorora uye nguva shoma yekucheka mafirimu avanenge vagadzira.

1991

1991 raive gore iro Queen Sirikit National Conventional Center muBangkok yakavhurwa kune veruzhinji. Jusco Rattanathibet, ikozvino Central Plaza Rattanathibet, yakavhurwa muNonthaburi. Bepanhau reThai remazuva ese Khao Sod, zvinoreva kuti nyowani kana nhau dzazvino, rakatanga kutsikisa. NGO iyo Mirror Art Group, yava kuzivikanwa seMirror Foundation, yakavambwa nechinangwa chekubatsira madzinza emumakomo uye yaive muMae Yao, Chiang Rai Province. Thai Beverage, inozivikanwa zviri nani seThaiBev, yakatangwa, sezvakaita Thaicom kambani, yaimbova Shin Satellite.

Ndira

Laem Chabang Port yakapedzwa. Pamberi pekuvhurwa zviri pamutemo kwakarongwa, HUAL Favorita, muridzi weHöegh-Ugland Auto Liners yeNorway, akaburitsa marori makumi mana nematatu kuti aendeswe kuRoyal Thai Army.

Kukadzi

Boka reMuslim rine mhirizhonga rakaparadzira mapepa mudunhu rePattani richidana vagari venzvimbo iyi kuti varatidzire vachipokana neUnited States, iyo yaiti iri kurwa hondo yekuparadza Iraq. Vekuchengetedza veThai vakati boka iri rinoumbwa nevaMuslim vechidiki kubva mudunhu reYala vanozviti Kubatana kwevanhu muSouth Group. Iyo inotungamirwa neUS Operation Desert Storm yakatanga muna Ndira 16.

Mukuru Wemauto General Suchinda Kraprayoon, Supreme Commander General Sunthorn Kongsompong, Mutungamiriri weAir Force Kaset Rojananil nenhengo dzeFifth Kirasi yeChulachomklao Royal Military Academy vakaita mhirizhonga isina ropa kuti vapidigura hurumende yakasarudzwa neMutungamiri Chatichai. Sezvakaitika kare, mauto akaumba National Peace Keeping Council (NKPC) kuti itungamirire nyika. NKPC yakavimbisa “kudzorera masimba kuvanhu” nekunyora bumbiro idzva remitemo yenyika uye kuita sarudzo mukati memwedzi mitanhatu. Paramende nebumbiro zvakaparadzwa uye Thailand yakaiswa pasi pemutemo wemauto. Chatichai nevamwe vake vakavharirwa mundege yeAir Force nevarindi veAir Force paDon Muang Airport. Musangano uyu waisanganisira aimbove mutevedzeri wemutungamiri wenyika uye mutevedzeri wegurukota rezvekudzivirirwa kwenyika General Arthit Kamlang-ek.

Kurume

Chatchai akaburitswa neNKPC munaKurume 9 ndokubhururuka kuenda kuUnited Kingdom. Mazuva mashoma apfuura, Anand Panyarachun, aimbova mumiriri uye mukuru weFederation of Thai Industries, akava mutungamiriri weThailand wechigumi nesere. Hurumende yenguva yenhengo makumi matatu neshanu inoumbwa nevemabhizimusi uye matekinoroji yakabvumidzwa namambo musi wa18 Kurume.
Mutungamiri Anand akazivisa kuti peturu isina lead ichaunzwa muna Chivabvu kurwisa kusvibiswa kwemhepo kuri kuwedzera uye yaizodhura zvishoma pane peturu ine lead.

Hondo yeThai yakapedzisa kubviswa kwemauto padivi pemuganhu wakapokana neLaos mumatunhu ePhitsanulok neUttaradit. Chibvumirano chakasvika pakushanya kuVientiane nenhume yeThai inotungamirwa nemukuru wemauto Suchinda.

Kubvumbi

Mutemo mutsva wakadzikwa neBMA unorambidza kuputa fodya munzvimbo dzinosanganisira mapaki, nhandare dzemabhaisikopo, mabhazi, zvikoro, zvipatara nemakamuri akavharirwa ane air-conditioning. Rambidzo yacho yaizotanga kushanda pana March 31, 1992, uye vaityora mutemo vaizoripiswa. Maererano nemukuru mukuru weBMA, zvigubhu zvefodya zvinenge 6.000 XNUMX zvaiunganidzwa zuva nezuva muChatuchak Park, zvichiita kuti BMA itange kurambidza kusvuta.

Sangano reWorld Wildlife Fund (WWF) rakaparura chirongwa chekumisa kutengeswa kwemhuka dzesango zvisiri pamutemo. Dr. Simon Lyster, mukuru mukuru weWWF, akarondedzera Thailand se "zvichida nyika yakaipisisa pasi rose nokuda kwekutengeserana kusiri pamutemo kwemhuka dzesango dziri mungozi ... Hapana mitemo inodzora kutengwa kwemarudzi asiri eThai uye kudzvinyirira vatengesi vasina kutendeseka" akadaro Dr. Lyster. .

Gunyana

Mambo weJapan Akihito naEmpress Michiko vakapedza mazuva mashanu muThailand.
Mambo akasangana namambo pamuzinda weChitralada ndokugamuchira kiyi yeguta kubva kuna gavhuna weBangkok, Chamlong.

Shinawatra Computer and Communications yakasaina kondirakiti ye5 bhiriyoni yebhaht nehurumende yekuparura hurongwa hweThailand hwekutanga hwakatsaurirwa setiraiti. The 30-year concession was the first commercial satellite project uye zvaida kuti masangano ese ehurumende ashandise Shinawatra satellite kwemakore masere.

Oktober

Musangano weWorld Bank (WB) wakaitwa paQueen Sirikit Convention Center ichangobva kuvhurwa muBangkok wakabudirira zvikuru. Kuderedza kuwandisa kwemotokari, mazuva maviri omusangano wacho akanzi izororo revoruzhinji. Mukutaura kwavo, Prime Minister Anand akanongedzera kudzikiswa kwemakakatanwa ezvematongerwo enyika uye akadzokorora kufona kuri kuwedzera kwekuderedzwa kwemari yemauto pamusangano weWorld Bank neInternational Monetary Conference. Akasimbirira kuti zvakawanda zvakaiswa mu "maturusi erunyararo" pane "zvishandiso zvehondo."

Zvita

Vaimbove mutungamiriri wehurumende, VaChatichai, vakakwaziswa nemufaro nemhomho yezviuru zvevanhu pavakadzokera kumusha kwavo kuNakhon Si Ratchasima. Chatichai akamanikidzwa kuenda kune imwe nyika mushure mekutora hurumende muna February 1991. Pakudzoka kwake, mwanakomana waChatichai, Kraisak Choonhavan, akati chiitiko ichi "chiratidzo chedemokrasi." Uku kugamuchirwa kwemutungamiri wehurumende akamanikidzwa kusiya basa nepfuti panguva iyo vakabata pfuti vachiri kutonga.

*Mabviro enyaya iyi anosanganisira zvakachengetwa kubva kuUPI, AFP, AP, Bangkok Post, The Nation, neWikipedia uye yakaturikirwa pachena kubva kuBig Chilli online magazine. https://is.gd/SwxEcW

Postscript: Zvese zvinoramba zvakaparadzana. Coup pano, coup ipapo uye mushure menguva yekudzingwa unobvumidzwa uye unobvumidzwa kudzoka. Kunze kwemutemo uyu usina kunyorwa unoitirwa mhuri yeShinawatra uye ndinofunga izvi zvichabata kwenguva yakareba.