Chikamu chemukaka muThailand (1)
Munyaya yangu "Dairy in Tairendi” Kurume wapfuura ndakatokuudza chimwe chinhu nezvekugadzirwa kwemukaka muThailand, panguva ino zvakadzama uye kunyanya nezvemapurazi emukaka.
General muchikamu chino ruzivo uye dzimwe nhamba pamusoro pechikamu chemukaka, muchikamu chechipiri ndinopfupikisa chidzidzo chakashandiswa nemudzidzi weWageningen sechirongwa chekupedza kudzidza, uye pakupedzisira muchikamu chetatu kubvunzurudzwa kwakanaka nevarimi vemukaka veThai.
Thailand haina tsika mukugadzirwa kwemukaka, makore makumi matatu kusvika makumi mana apfuura mombe dzemukaka dzaichengetwa pamapurazi madiki, asi kudyiwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemukaka kwaive kuchiri kutsamira pane zvinotengeswa kunze kwenyika (kunyanya kubva kuAustralia neNew Zealand. Hurumende yeThai akatsigira kukura kwechikamu chemukaka chakaita, uye izvi zvakanyanya kuratidzwa mune yakakura chirongwa chemukaka wechikoro, chakatangwa muna 30. Vana vechikoro veThai vane mamiriyoni matanhatu vanogamuchira "girazi remukaka" zuva rega rega mukati megore rechikoro, pakutanga kwakavakirwa pa (imported). ) mukaka wehupfu, asi zvishoma nezvishoma uchitsiva nemukaka mutsva.
Ichi chirongwa chakabudirira, asiwo kuvandudzwa kwemari, kukura kwemaguta uye kukura kwevanhu kwakawedzera kudiwa kwevatengi kwemukaka uye zvigadzirwa zvemukaka. Thailand yaona kuti chikamu hachidi kungowedzerwa chete, asi chinodawo kuvandudzwa kwakawanda uye humwe hunyanzvi. Kuwedzera kwekuwedzera kwemutengo wehupfu hwemukaka pamusika wepasi rose muna 2007 kwakasimbisa zvakare kuti yakawanda sei Thailand inotsamira pane zvinodhura kunze kwenyika.
Kugadzirwa kwemukaka muThailand parizvino kwakatenderedza 750.000 matani pagore neboka remombe dzinopfuura 400.000. Huwandu hwemapurazi emukaka hunonzi hunosvika zviuru makumi maviri nezviviri, zvikamu makumi mana kubva muzana (22.000) mombe dziri pasi pegumi, 40% dzine mombe dzemukaka makumi maviri kozoti 10% dzasara dzine mombe dzinodarika makumi maviri. Chikamu chemukaka chave chakadzivirirwa nemitengo yakakwira yekunze, kugadzirisa mitengo uye rubatsiro, asi ikozvino iri pasi pekumanikidzwa kubva kuWTO, iyo inoraira kutengeserana kwemahara. Chinetso cheThailand chiri mukukwikwidzana nezvigadzirwa zvemukaka zvekunze nekudzikisa mutengo wemutengo uye kuita kuti chikamu chive chakasimba kubva pakuona kwehupfumi, magariro uye kwezvakatipoteredza.
Netherlands yanga ichitsigira marudzi ese emapurojekiti madiki ekuvandudza maketani emukaka muAsia kwemakumi emakore akati wandei, uye "isu" tiri kushandawo muThailand. Kwemakore akati wandei ikozvino, Wageningen University yakazvimisikidza sesimba rekufambisa kuseri kwekusimudzira nekuvandudzwa kwechikamu chemukaka muThailand.
Pakutanga kwa2010, boka reprojekiti rakaumbwa richitungamirirwa naIr. Bram Wouters weWUR (Wageningen University uye Tsvagiridzo), iyo inosanganisirawo Kasetsart University, Surananee University, Thai Livestock department, Thai Bovine Practioners Club uye Foremost (iyo FrieslandCampina dairy fekitori). Hurumende yeDutch, iyo inopa mari zvirongwa zvakawanda, inomiririrwa neAgricultural Council yeEmbassy.
Zvinhu zvinotariswa kuboka reprojekiti ndeizvi:
- Kuvandudza kunaka kwemukaka
- Kudzikisa mutengo wemutengo, zvichiita kuti zvikwikwidze nezvigadzirwa zvinobva kunze kwenyika.
- Kuvandudza mamiriro ehutsanana pamapurazi emukaka.
- Kuwedzera kugadzirwa kwemukaka pamombe.
Thailand inonakidza kune nyanzvi nekuti yave kutoonekwa seyakanakisa nyika yemukaka mudunhu. Kugadzirwa kwemukaka pamombe kunosvika 3.000 malita pagore, kuderera zvakanyanya pane avhareji ye8.400 malita pagore muEurope, asi zvakare yakakwirira kwazvo kupfuura munyika dzakavakidzana.
Thailand ichiri kutsamira pane zvinotengwa kunze kwenyika kweinongopfuura makumi mashanu muzana yezvinodiwa nevatengi, nepo kune dzimwe nyika mudunhu iri inopfuura 50%, nePhilippines senzvimbo yakaderera, uko kugadzirwa kwemukaka wemuno kunongovhara 75% yezvinodiwa.
Muchikamu chechipiri kunouya chinyorwa van Herjan Bekamp, uyo akapedza kudzidza neizvi muWageningen uye parizvino ari kutsvaga Msc. (aimbova Ir.) angataura.
Hello,
Tine varimi vazhinji veThai munzvimbo ino vane mhou shoma kana, sezvakanyorwa, dzimwe dzine nhamba dzinopfuura makumi maviri.
Chinonyanyondibaya moyo unonaka mukaka. Gara uchitenga rita kana maviri kubva kumuvakidzani wangu. Zviri pachena kuti kuravira kwakasiyana pane kuNetherlands; hapana mafuro akanaka anoonekwa pano. Mhou dzinowanzofamba dzichimira mumatope. Vane nzvimbo shoma uye saka zvese zvinotsikwa. Nguva yakapfuura ndakatora mufananidzo wemapied matema aive nerusununguko rwakati wandei patsoka yegirinhi yegumbo, asi izvo zvinosiyana. Zvichiri kugadzirira murimi muThailand.
John D Kruse
Hongu, ndinofunga kuti kune nyika yakavhurika kune varimi vemombe dzemari pano, asi nzira yekuibata nayo ichava mubvunzo mukuru.
Mhoroi, madhaka haasi mukaka, izvo zvakajeka, asi (zvitsva) uswa hwakasvibira!
John D Kruse
Ex murimi, kuCanada kwandichiri kugara,
Ndinofunga kuti ndakawana ruzivo mumakore ose aya
rombo rakanaka ndakabudirirawo uye kunakidzwa nekuchembera kwakanaka,
Ini zvino ndinopedza hibernation yangu yegore negore muThailand
Ndiri kufarirawo kuti kunorimwa sei ikoko.
Ndava kuzivawo kuti purazi remukaka ririko chete
kugadzirwa kwemukaka sezvatinoziva hazvigoneke ipapo
kwakanyatsojeka… kwanyanya kupisa ipapo!
Ndakataurawo kune vashoma vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika vanochengeta mombe dzemukaka,
Handisi kutaura nezvekugadzirwa ipapo,
zvirokwazvo hazvina kukodzera kutaurwa
Ini handisati ndaona mhou dzinounza kugadzirwa kwepamusoro muThailand.
Ndinotenda zvichange zvakaoma kuona izvi pano,
nekuti vagadziri vakapusa vepamusoro vanokupa chikafu chakanyanya kunaka
kuthailand ndekupi chikafu chepamusoro ichi?
kungotaura, mhou pano inobereka p.day 40 50 ltr.
Holstein-Frisian mhando.
kambani yemukaka yakakura kwazvo nhasi inounza mombe pano
dzisisiri munzvimbo yekukama, mhuka dzinoenda kunotora mukaka zvichienderana nemanzwiro adzo, dzinopinda chinyararire muimba yekukama, uye zvese zvinonyorwa zvakanaka. comp. system inotora mamwe mavhitaminzi nezvimwe zvese panguva ino mune yakarongwa system.
zvakare zvinonakidza kutaura, kuUSA kune makambani ane faira remombe dzemukaka 8-10.000 XNUMX. Mukaka unopombwa uchienda kumaguta makuru
Los Angeles oade murimi ari kunyanya pacommump yake. kupfuura kuti anoona mhuka.
zvakare ine vet yayo, veMexico vanoita basa chairo.
muchidimbu inyika yakasiyana zvachose muAsia kazhinji inopisa zvikuru Holstein Frisian mhou haigoni kumira kana kupisa uku dzimwe nguva kwakanyanyisa kuvanhu.
Inonakidza nyaya Jo, asi iwe unonzwisisa kuti bhizinesi sezvawakatsanangura kuThailand richiri kure, kure.
Ndorega kurima mombe dzemukaka here? Kwete hazvo kwete! Mukaka chinhu chakakosha chekudya, vana vanokura nacho nekuda kwehuwandu hwekudya mumukaka. Kudiwa kwezvigadzirwa zvemukaka kuri kuwedzera, zvakare muThailand, uye zvino zvine musoro kuti chikamu chemukaka chisimuke kubva pane izvi.
Ikozvino nenhevedzano yezvisizvo, asi kuburikidza neruzivo uye kudzidziswa, Thailand inodawo kukwidza iyo chikamu padanho repamusoro. Zvakanaka, handizvo?