Ngano dzeAesop uye Folktales muThailand

Mae Nak Phra Khanong

Tinofanira kuverenga sei ngano? Pazasi imwe kubva kuGreece yekare uye imwe kubva kuThailand.

Shumba nembeva

Kare mune imwe nyika iri kure kwaiva nebako rinotonhorera umo shumba ine simba yairara. Mubako umu maivewo nekambeva kaigara mubako muya kaingotenderera zuva rese ichitsvaga chekudya. Rimwe zuva akagumburwa ndokuwira pamusoro peshumba. Shumba yakamubata nechanza, yakamutarisa ndokuti:

“Zvakanaka, tinei pano? Chikafu chinonaka! Ndine nzara.'

“Aa, shumba ine simba, chengetedza hupenyu hwangu, ndapota.

"Ndingazviitirei, kambeva?"

“Kana mukandirega ndichirarama, pamwe ndingakubatsirai munguva yenyu yokushayiwa!”

Shumba yakadzvova nekuseka. “Iwe, chinhu chisina kunaka, ndibatsire? Asi unosekesa, ndichakurega uende.

Mushure memazuva mashoma mbeva yakanzwa kudzvova kunorwadza kubva musango.

“Shumba!” zvakapinda mupfungwa dzake.

Yakamhanyira musango. Nechekure akaona shumba yabatwa nemambure evavhimi.

“Ndichakubatsira,” kambeva kakadaidzira, uye nemazino ako akapinza kakaruma mambure ndokusunungura shumba.

Nang Nak

(นางนาค inonzi naang nâak, naang ndi madam uye nâak ndiyo nyoka yengano inoonekwa mumatemberi ese, zvakare izita. Nyaya yacho inoitika munenge muna 1840.)

Nak mudzimai akavimbika uye ane rudo wemusoja, Mak. Anoshevedzwa kurwisa maBurmese (kana Vietnamese) apo Nak ane pamuviri. Akakuvara zvakaipisisa, asi nekuda kwekutarisirwa kwakanaka kwemumongi, Somdet To, anopora. Somdet Kukumbira Mak kuti abatane nemonasticism, asi Mak anoramba nekuti anoshuvira mukadzi wake nemwana. Anodzokera kumusha kwake, Phra Khanoong, kwaanogara zvakare nemufaro naNak nemwanakomana wavo.

Rimwe zuva Mak achitema huni musango kuti agadzirise imba yake, shamwari yechikuru ichipfuura inomuudza kuti Nak nemwanakomana wavo zvipoko nekuti vose vakafa panguva yekusununguka. Mak haana kudaira vakabva varwa. Paanosvika kumba anonanaidzana naNak nezvenyaya iyi, asi anoramba uye Mak anomudavira. Mangwana acho shamwari yekare yakafa uye mumazuva anotevera Nak anouraya chero munhu anganyevera murume wake. Brahmin ane simba, mǒh phǐe (anodzinga mweya), anouraiwawo.

Mak anodzidza chokwadi kana aine basa pasi pemba pamatanda. Nak ari kugadzirira kudya kwemanheru muimba yepamusoro, asi ndimu inodonha nepaburi repauriri uye anotambanudza ruoko rwake mamita gumi kuti atore muchero. Mak aona kuti chokwadi mukadzi wake chipoko akabva atiza mumba. Mutemberi yeMahabhute yemunharaunda mamongi anoedza kudzinga mweya Nak asi anokundikana. Nang Nak anonyomba kushaya simba kwemamongi uye, nekuda kwehasha, anodyara rufu nekuparadzwa mumusha.

Ipapo mumongi Somdet Kuonekwa zvakare. Anotora munhu wese kuguva raNang Nak uye anotanga kugunun'una minamato yechiBuddha. Nak anosimuka kubva muguva nemwanakomana wake mumaoko ake. Wese munhu anovhunduka asi mumongi anoramba akadzikama. Anoudza Nang Nak kuti anofanira kurega kushamwaridzana kwake naMak nenyika ino. Anobva akumbira Mak kuti auye kuzoonekana nemukadzi wake nemwana. Vachichema vanombundirana vachisimbisana rudo rwavo.

Somdet Kududza mamwe mafomula murwiyo-rwiyo toni, mushure mezvo muviri waNak nepfungwa zvinopera.

A novice anocheka chidimbu chebhonzo kubva pahuma yaNak umo mweya waNak wakabatwa. Somdet Kutakura bhonzo naye kwemakore mushure mekuti muchinda weThai agare nhaka, asi kubva ipapo yakarasika.

Izvi zvinopedzisa iyi pfupiso pfupi yeimwe yengano dzakakurumbira muThailand.

Kufunga

Ndaiwanzoverengera mwanakomana wangu nyaya manheru oga oga. Zvakare iyo yeshumba nembeva. Akagamuchira shoko, asi haana kumboti, "Hachigoni kuva chokwadi, baba, nokuti shumba nembeva hazvigoni kutaura."

Muzana ramakore rechi 19 makava nokukamukana muchechi yePurotesitendi muNetherlands. Rimwe boka rakati nyoka muParadhiso yaisagona kutaura, rimwe boka rakati Bhaibheri rinotaura chokwadi chose. Imwe nyanzvi yezvechitendero yakadavira kuti zvakanga zvisingakoshi kuti nyoka yakanga yataura here kana kuti kwete, chaikosha ndezvaakanga ataura.

Anenge munhu wese weThai anoziva nyaya yaMae Nak Phra Khanoong uye anonamatwa nekuremekedzwa munzvimbo zhinji sekunge ndimwarikadzi.

Mibvunzo

Uye ndiwo mubvunzo wangu kuvaverengi vanodiwa: Sei vakadzi veThai vachinamata Mae Nak ("Amai Nak" sezvaanowanzo kushevedzwa neruremekedzo)? Chii chiri shure kwayo? Sei vakadzi vazhinji vaine hukama naMae Nak? Nderipi riri shoko guru reiyi nyaya yakakurumbira zvikuru?

Uye chimwe chinhu chandinogara ndichishamisika: iwo meseji sezvaunoiona yepasirese here kana kungoti Thai/Asian? Inogona kunge iri pfungwa yakanaka kutarisa firimu iri pazasi kutanga.

Nuts

Mweya unoburitswa kana mukadzi afa pamwe chete nemwana wake asati azvarwa unonzi phǐe: tháng wakakwira '' mweya wechiyero chose'. Zvipoko zvechikadzi zvine njodzi kupfuura zvechirume zvakadaro, asi chipoko ichi ndicho chakasimba uye chine njodzi pane ese.

Munguva yeHumambo hweAyutthaya (kusvika 1350-1780), mukadzi ane pamuviri mupenyu dzimwe nguva akakandwa mugomba uye murwi wenheyo yemuzinda mutsva wakafambiswa nemaari. Mweya wambotaurwa wakabva wasunungurwa wakadzivirira dare. Zvibayiro zvevanhu zvaiva chikamu chemazuva akanaka ekare.

Mae Nak Phra Khanoong (Phra Khanoog yave kuwanikwa muSukhumvit 77, Soi 7), inonamatwa munzvimbo dzakawanda, asi kunyanya patemberi iri padyo netemberi yeMahabhute ipapo.