Kutsvaga maBurmese anoteedzera muChiang Mai

Wat Sai Moon Muang (Santipap / Shutterstock.com)

Mune iyo yepamutemo Thai nhoroondoography, kune akati wandei enhoroondo zvikamu izvo vanhu vanofarira kutaura nezvazvo zvishoma sezvavanogona. Imwe yenguva idzodzo ndeyemazana maviri emakore ayo Chiang Mai aive Burmese. Iwe unogona kutotanga kubvunza nezvekuzivikanwa kweThai uye hunhu hweRosi wekuNorth, nekuti zviri pamutemo Chiang Mai, seguta guru rehumambo hweLanna, yanga isati yave chikamu cheThailand kwezana ramakore.

Chiang Mai yakavambwa muna 1269, mushure mekunge murwi ane simba weTai-Yuan Mengrai aifanira kubva pedyo neWiang Kum Kam nekuda kwemafashama epagore eRwizi rwePing. Guta rakakurumidza kukura kuita muzinda wekutonga uye wehupfumi weLanna Empire. Asi muna 1526, mimvuri yakasviba yakaungana pamusoro peChiang Mai mushure mekufa kwaPhaya Kao. Mumakore makumi maviri neshanu akatevera, vatanhatu vangangove vagari venhaka pachigaro chehumambo vakabatanidzwa mumutambo wehumambo waisanganisira Shakespearean anokwezva umo mabhindauko, kuponda uye kuuraya kwakave izvo zvakakosha. Kusagadzikana, kupandukira nehuwori zvakaparadza hurumende. Mambo weBurmese Bayinnaung, aida zvikuru kukura kwenzvimbo, aisakwanisa kuramba muedzo wekurwisa Lanna, achitora mukana wemhirizhonga yekutonga.

Muna 1558, mauto ake akatora Chiang Mai ndokuishandisa sechigadziko chekutora humwe hutungamiriri ndokuchipatsanura kuva masangano ekutonga akasiyana anotungamirwa nemagavhuna eBurma. Saka maguta-matunhu eNan (1595), Phayao, Phrae uye Chiang Rai (1600), Lampang (1614) uye Chiang Khong (1624) akagadzirwa. Pasinei nekuti paive nemuchinda weBurma pachigaro cheChiang Mai, vagari vemo havana kunyatsokurirwa uye guta raingosungirwa kubhadharisa mari yakawanda gore rega rega. Nenzira iyi, kuzivikanwa kwaLanna kwakasiyana kunogona kuchengetedzwa zvakanyanya kubva kusimba reBurmese. Zvakaipa ndezvekuti Lanna yakava nhandare yehondo kakawanda mumakumi emakore akatevera pakati pevaSiamese, vakadzosa dunhu richitongwa neAyutthaya, neBurmese. .Nepo vaLaotian vakaedzawo kuwana mugove wavo weumambo hwakaneta hweLanna nekugara kwewachi.Zvese idzi dzakanga dzisiri nhau dzakanaka kuupfumi hwenzvimbo.Nguva dzerima dzakanga dziri kuuya.Kutengeserana kwaimboitika kwakadeuka ropa kusvikira kufa uye nzvimbo zhinji dzokugara. dzakava dzisina vanhu uye dzakava maguta asina maturo.

Muna 1767 chete izvi zvakachinja. Mugore iroro maBurmese akanga aparadza guta guru reSiamese Ayutthaya nemoto nebakatwa. Kukunda kukuru kwemauto nezvematongerwo enyika, asi uko kwakange kwanetesa chinzvimbo cheBurma muLanna. Pakanga pasina mauto aivepo uye mushandirapamwe uyu wakanga watopedza hupfumi hweBurma. Mitero yakawedzerwa uye ukama hwakaipa. Mudhara waLanna akatenda kuti nguva yakanga yasvika yekugadzirisa zvibodzwa zvekare. Vachishandisa mukana uyu, vakaita mubatanidzwa nevaSiamese kuti vadzinge vaBurma kubva munharaunda yavo. Kwaive kubhejera kwakabhadhara, nekuti muna 1775 mauto aTaksin, achibatsirwa nevarume veMuchinda Kawila weLampang, vakapinda nerukundo muChiang Mai, vachipedza mazana maviri emakore ehuranda kuBurma. Zvakadaro zvaizotora makore anoda kusvika makumi matatu maBurmese ekupedzisira asati adzingwa kubva kumakona ehumambo.

Taksin (Musicman JY / Shutterstock.com)

Makore anopfuura mazana maviri ayo Chiang Mai aive Burmese akasiya chiratidzo muguta. Kunyangwe kuedza kwakaitwa kudzima akawanda acho nekukasira, ndinoda kukutora iwe parwendo nemuChiang Mai nhasi uchitsvaga kutsvaga kwekuvapo uku kweBurmese. Rega nditange neWat Sai Moon Myanmar. Iyi temberi yakaoma mukona yekumaodzanyemba kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweGuta Rekare inotangira kupinda kweBurmese. Dombo rayo renheyo rakaiswa muna 1487 pasi pekutonga kwaMambo Tilokarat. Pakutanga temberi iyi yaizivikanwa seWat Saimoonmueang, iyo inonzi inoreva Saimoon Swamp iri pedyo, iyo yakazogadzirwa semugumisiro wekucherwa kwevhu kwaigadzirwa zvidhinha izvo zvakavakwa madziro eguta. Kubatana kweBurma kwakauya mushure mekunge mauto eBurma apinda kuchamhembe kweChiang Mai uye chifananidzo chaBuddha chakabviswa kubva kuChaingsaen kuenda kuChiang Mai nengoro yemombe. Ngoro yacho, ichiperekedzwa nevarwi, yakapfuura temberi iyi, mhuka dzakangoerekana dzamira ndokuramba kufamba. Vatungamiriri vakaona izvi sekupindira kwaMwari uye vakaisa chifananidzo mutemberi iyi iyo ichiripo nhasi muWihan.

Chii Buppharam

Yakavakwa muna 1497, Wat Buppharam paThaphae Road yakanyatso kupesvedzera Burmese mukuvaka kwayo. Temberi yakavambwa muna 1497 naMambo Phra Mueang Kaeo panzvimbo yeimba yasekuru vake, Mambo Tilokarat. Mushure mekutorwa kweChiang Mai nevaBurma, temberi yakashandiswa nemamongi eMon. Iyo chedi huru, iyo inopfuura mazana mana emakore uye, maererano nengano, pakutanga yaigara Buddha relic, muenzaniso webhuku remusanganiswa weBurmese-Mon style. Iyo yechando-chena pendi base inochengetedzwa nezvisikwa zvina zvinotyisa Chinten, shumba dzengano idzo dziri maBurmese maenzanisi eSiamese-Thai Singh. Iyo chedi yakasakara yakadzoreredzwa zvakanyanya muna 1958 neThai Fine Arts Dhipatimendi nekuremekedza chimiro cheBurmese. Paunenge uchishanyira iyi temberi, zvakare teerera kune yakanyanya kunaka yakawanda-yakapetwa denga retemberi Ho Monthian Tham kana kuti huru youmambo Dhamma-Hall. Ichi chinoshamisa chimiro hachina kubva panguva yekugara kweBurmese, asi yakavakwa muna 1996, pachiitiko chegore remakumi mashanu rekutonga kwaMambo Bhumibol. Chivako ichi, chine hurongwa hwepasi hwakachinjika, hunoreva zvakajeka kune yakapfuura yeBurmese yetemberi iyi ine yakajairwa yakawanda-yakapetwa denga reimba iyo inokwidziridzwa neshongwe yakaita semondop ine gobvu reBurmese spire yakaiswa mushizha regoridhe.

Iko kukwezva kukuru mune iyi temberi yakaoma zvakare ine hukama hweBurmese. Muuriri hwepamusoro hweDhamma Hall mune yakanaka teak Buddha chifananidzo muBhumisparse posture. Anoremekedzwa sePhra Phutta Naret Sakchai Phairi-Phinat, chifananidzo ichi ndicho chikuru teak Buddha chifananidzo munyika. Kuseri kwechifananidzo kune pani huru yemapuranga umo inoratidzwa nhoroondo yakakosha yemabviro echifananidzo ichi cheBuddha. Pashure pezvose, zvinonzi zvakabva pane zvakaratidzwa mambo weSiamese Naresuan Mukuru akanga agamuchira pashure pokunge amisa uto rechisimba reBurma muna 1591. Saka hazvina kuitika kuti Muchinda Kawila, mushure mekutyaira maBurma kubva kuChiang Mai muna 1775, akasarudza temberi iyi senzvimbo yekutanga kushanya kweguta panguva iyo yakacheneswa.

Wat Pao

Nepo Wat Bupparam iri chaizvo musanganiswa wakasiyana-siyana weBurmese, Lanna neLaotian style zvinhu, Wat Pa Pao kukona yekuchamhembe kwakadziva kumabvazuva kweGuta Rekare muenzaniso wakanaka wekusanganiswa kwakabudirira kwezvitaera zveBurmese neShan. Inotanga nedenga rinoyevedza regedhi rekupinda, iro rine zvisingasviki nhurikidzwa ina, asi rinotaura nezve zvese zvese kana wangopinda munzvimbo yetembere: kubva pamifananidzo ine mavara kusvika kune zvidhori zvevarwi vakasimba mune zvipfeko zveBurmese kune zvinosungirwa. Chinten pamakona mana echedi hombe. Iyo ubosot yediki uye isinganyanyo zivikanwa Wat Duang Di, kune rumwe rutivi, ine inoshamisa facade yeBurmese ine zvakaenzana zvinoshamisa zvegirazi zvinhu mugirazi rine ruvara rwakajeka. Muna 1761 Chao Khihut, mumongi akachenjera kubva mutemberi iyi, akatungamira kupandukira mambo weBurmese Naungdawgyi. Akakwanisa kusunungura Chiang Mai nerubatsiro rwemukuru weBurmese Talaban. Talaban akabva ashandisa guta sehwaro hwekurwisa Burma, asi muchirimo cha1763 mafambiro akachinja uye dunhu rakatanga zvakare pasi pehutongi hweBurma. Iwe unogona kuwana iyi temberi pakati peguta rekare paRatchapakhinai Road.

Wat Ku Tao

Wat Ku Tao - iyo nhasi inonyanya kushandiswa naShan anogara mudunhu - yakavakwa muna 1613 kunyanya kuisa masara emuchinda weBurmese Tharawad Min, mwanakomana waBayinnaung. Akanga ari gavhuna wokutanga weBurma weChiang Mai uye akafira ikoko muna 1607. Madota ake akavigwa muchedi yakagadzirwa nenzira yechienzi zvikuru ine mavhoriyamu mashanu anoderera muhuwandu ayo, neimwe fungidziro, akafanana namanwiwa. Vhoriyamu yega yega ine niche pamakona mana emakadhinari umo munogara Buddha anoratidzwa muBurmese maitiro. Unogona kuwana iyi temberi paKu Tao Raod, kunze kweguta.

Ini pachangu, ndinofunga Temberi yeChaimongkol iri paCharoenprathet Road ndeimwe yemhando yepamusoro yekusanganiswa kwezvinhu zveBurmese neMon muChiang Mai. Iyi temberi diki, iyo inosanganisirawo diki temberi yeChinese uye chiyeuchidzo chakashanyirwa kwaMambo Chulalongkorn, chiri kumahombekombe ePing uye nzvimbo diki yekuseri kuseri ndiyo imwe yenzvimbo dzandinoda pandinoda runyararo uye runyararo. . Iyo Chedi Khao kana White Stupa inozivikanwa kwazvo nhangaruvazhe muChiang Mai. Iyi yakapfava, yakacheneswa chedi inomira padivi pePing paWichayanon Road inotenderera pakati peChiang Mai Municipal Office neUnited States Consulate General.

Wat Yai Chaimongkol (Thenongphoto / Shutterstock.com)

Nei iyi chedi yakavakwa chaizvo pano inotaura ngano yakanaka. Apo vaBurma vakakomba guta zvakare muzana remakore rechigumi nematanhatu, mukuru wemauto eBurma akapikisa vadziviriri kumakwikwi ekushambira muPing. Kana mushahwi weChiang Mai aigona kugara pasi pemvura kwenguva yakareba kupfuura shasha yeBurma, maBurma aizoputsa kukomba kwacho odzokera kumba. Dambudziko racho rakagamuchirwa uye pakakwirira pakamira chedi zvino, mirwi mikuru miviri yakakandirwa murwizi umo varume, pakati pekufarira kukuru, vaizonyura. Makakatanwa akapera nekuti zvakatora nguva yakareba kuti imwe yacho isati yabuda zvakare. Yaiva shasha yeBurma yaifemereka. Vagari vakarerukirwa veChiang Mai vakamirira nemoyo murefu kuti shasha yavo, mumwe Lung Piang, auye, asi hazvina kuitika. Vachinetsekana, vanhu vakasiyana-siyana vakapinda mumvura ndokubva vaona kuti Lung Piang akanga azvisungirira padanda riri pasi pemvura uye akasarudza kunyura nemaune. Akanga apa upenyu hwake kuti aponese guta. Chedi aifanira kurangarira ushingi hwake nekuzvipira kwake zvachose Si non e vero e ben trovato vaItaly vangati.

Ndinoda kupedzisa kutsvaga kweBurmese relics muChiang Mai naKhuang Singh kana Nzvimbo yeShumba. Idzi nzvimbo dzakacheneswa chena, umo shumba dzinotyisa dzine masimba emashiripiti dzakaiswa nguva pfupi mushure mekusunungurwa kweChiang Mai, dzakamiswa naChao Kavila kudzivirira maBurmese kuti arege kudzokera kuChiang Mai. Chishuvo chehumwari chakapihwa makumi mashoma emakore gare gare apo Burma yakagarwa zvakarongeka neBritish mumafungu akati wandei…