Vakadzi muBuddhism
Vakadzi vane nzvimbo yakaderera mukati meBuddhism, zvose maererano nemaonero echiBuddha uye mukuita kwezuva nezuva. Sei zvakadaro uye izvozvo zvinozviratidza sei? Chii chinofanira kuitwa pamusoro pazvo uye zvakadini kana?
Shamwari yangu yechikuru, nhengo yesangano reDhammakaya, wandaidya naye vhiki nevhiki, anofungisisa kwemaawa akawanda pazuva. Pandakabvunza kuti chii chaikonzera izvozvo, akati aida kuvandudza karma yake nenzira yokuti aizoberekwazve somurume. "Uye chii chandinofanira kuita kuti ndizvarwe patsva semukadzi?" ndakabvunza. Akaseka ndokuti, 'Zvakareruka. Iva mucheri uye karma yako ichaderera kusvika pamwero wokuti uchazvarwa patsva semukadzi.'
Bhudha nevakadzi
Siddharta Gautama akaberekerwa muLumpini Park (kwete muBangkok asi kumaodzanyemba kweNepal) apo amai vake vaiva nepamuviri zvikuru vanonzi Maya vakanga vachienda kuvabereki vake kunosununguka. Maya akafa mazuva mashoma asununguka uye Siddharta akarerwa nehanzvadzi yaamai vake, Mahapajati, uyo akanga atova nevana vaviri, mwanakomana nemwanasikana.
Pazera remakore gumi nematanhatu Siddharta akaroora Yasodhara akaenzana uye makore mashoma gare gare vakava nemwanakomana ainzi Rahula.
Isati iri nguva refu pashure pacho, iye akasiya mudzimai wake nomwana, akasiya muzinda wake ndokutsvaka zvokwadi, kutanga kupfurikidza nokushandisa chimiro chokunyanyisa chokuzvinyima uye gare gare nokufamba muNzira Yapakati. Akavhenekerwa uye akapihwa zita rekuti 'Buddha'.
Makore anoverengeka pashure pokunge ajekerwa, tete vake naamai vokurera, Mahapajati, vakabvunza Buddha kana aigona kutangwa somumongi akazara. Bhudha akaramba izvozvo pakutanga: akaona matambudziko mazhinji kana vakadzi vakava mamongi. Asi Buddha aitofanira kubvuma kuti munhu ari wose, varume navakadzi, vaigona kuvhenekerwa, kunyange zvazvo kwaizova kwakaomera zvikuru vakadzi, kunobatanidzwa zvikuru nemigariro yapasi. Pakupedzisira, akanga ari mudzidzi wake anodiwa zvikuru, Ananda, uyo akamukunda pashure pemakore okuzengurira. Mahapajati, amai vake vokurera, uye Yasodhara, mudzimai wake, vakagadzwa semamongi akazara.
Bhikkhunis
Mamongi anowanzonzi bhikkhus, uye mamongi echikadzi anonzi bhikkhunis, uye ndizvo zvandinombovadaidza kuti pano.
Mumazana emakore mushure mekufa kwaBuddha, temberi dzakawanda dzebhikkhunis dzaizovakwa muIndia, kusvika munenge muna 1000 AD. apo chiBuddha zvishoma nezvishoma chakapotsa chanyangarika zvachose muIndia. Asi tsika yemamongi evakadzi yakaramba ichirarama munyika dzakaita seChina, Korea, Japan uye gare gare muSri Lanka.
Murals anoratidza hupenyu hwaBuddha paWat Prathat Doi Suthep muChiang Mai anoratidza Buddha achitanga mapoka maviri emamongi: boka revarume kune rimwe divi uye boka rakakura zvakaenzana revakadzi kune rimwe.
Sasin Tipchai / Shutterstock.com
Vakadzi vakaderera uye vane ngozi
Mafungiro epamutemo echiThai Buddhism kune vakadzi haana kusiyana zvakanyanya kubva kune ezvimwe zvitendero, kunyangwe paine shanduko yezviri nani mune dzimwe nzira kwenguva yakati.
MuThai Buddhism, vakadzi vanoonekwa sevakaderera uye kunyange vane ngozi. Sezvatsanangurwa pamusoro apa, vane karma shoma uye ndivo chikonzero chevarume vepabonde. Uko Buddhism inoparidza kuparadzaniswa nezvishuwo zvepasi, vakadzi chipingamupinyi munzira yekuvhenekerwa. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kumamongi. Mitemo 227 yevinaya, chirango chemongi, inonyanya kubata nevakadzi. (bhikkhunis inofanira kutevera mitemo ye331). Ndinowanzonzwa ruvengo rwakati kuvakadzi mumamongi.
Chinzvimbo chemusisi mumatemberi muenzaniso weizvi. Iva masisita mae chi ataurwa, vanofanira kutevedzera 8 mitemo, ndebvu uye kupfekedzwa nguo chena uye vari kure pazasi mamongi chinzvimbo. Kusiyana nemamongi, hapana kana tsigiro kwavari kubva kutemberi kana nyika. Mamongi anogashira dzidzo, mari nerukudzo izvo zvakanyimwa mae chi. Vanoshumira sevashumiri vemongi. Mumwe mae chi anokudzwa, akadai saMae Chan, mumwe wevatangi veDhammakaya movement uye mudzidzisi wekufungisisa.
Mamongi echikadzi, mabhikkhuni, anotarisirwa pasi, kwete zvakanyanya nevatendi, asi nemamongi nevakuru, kana vasati vatove pachena uye kuseri kwezviitiko vanoseka uye vachipomerwa.
Dalai Lama (360b / Shutterstock.com)
Dalai Lama
Dalai Lama, anozviti mukadzi, haawani mutsivi wechikadzi dambudziko, asi anofanira kunge akanaka uye akanaka, akatotaura kakati wandei. Kunze kwehupfumi, chimiro uye njere, runako runowanzoonekwawo sekutsanangurwa nekarma yemunhu.
Vakadzi vanofanira kuongororwa nebhikkhunis. Mutsara webhikkhunis wakafa muThailand uye ndicho chikonzero chakakwana chechiremera cheBuddha chenyika muThailand kurambidza mamongi echikadzi.
Aya maitiro echiBuddhism kune vakadzi zvinosiririsa ane kukanganisa kwakashata munharaunda yeThai yese, iyo inokoshesa Buddhism, nyika uye humambo sembiru uye sehunhu.
Bhikkhunis muThailand
Pamwe aiva Narin Phasit wekutanga kukwevera pfungwa kune kutangwa kwevakadzi sevatsva kana mamongi. Narin akanga ari muratidziri akazvipira kuzvikonzero zvakawanda, asi kugadzirisa tsika yeBuddhism ndiko kwaiva kunetseka kwake kukuru. Muna 1925 iye pachake akatanga temberi yake ine nhurikidzwa nomwe pamahombekombe eChao Phraya uye akakumbira mumongi kuti atange vanasikana vake vaviri vadiki, Sara naChongdi, sevatsva. Vatendi vakanaka nazvo asi vakuru vaive nemufaro mushoma. Mapurisa akatora nguo dzemamongi nechisimba kubva kuvana ndokuvavharira mujeri kwemazuva mashoma. Narin akabva aunza mbatya dzvuku dzemamongi kubva kuJapan uye zviremera zvakasiya vana vari voga.
Mutungamiriri wesangano reBuddhist Santi Asoke, asingazivikanwe neiyo yepamutemo monasticism, iyo Sangka, monk. Phra Bodhirak (anozivikanwawo sePitirak) akagadza varume nevakadzi zana semamongi akazara muna 1989. Vese vakapomerwa mhosva 'yekunyepera kutevedzera mamongi chaiwo'. Bodhirak akatongerwa makore anopfuura mashanu mujeri. (Ndinotenda kuti mutongo wakamiswa uye hauna kuitwa asi ndisina chokwadi).
Dhammananda Bhikkhuni
Parizvino, kune anenge 170 bikkhunis muThailand, akapararira pamusoro pematunhu makumi maviri. (Uye kune vangangosvika zviuru mazana matatu emamongi echirume akapararira pamusoro pematemberi 20). Mumwe wavo ndiye Bhikkhuni Dhammananda (Dhammananda zvinoreva kuti 'Mufaro weDhama, Dzidziso'). Zita rake rainzi Chatsumarn Kabilsingh asati agadzwa semumongi muSri Lanka muna 2003, akashanda sePurofesa weChitendero uye Philosophy paThammasat University pakati pe1975 ne2000, akanga akaroora uye ane vana vatatu. Iye zvino ave benzi reTembere yeSongdhammakalyani muNakhorn Pathom uye anoshanda munyika uye nepasirese pabasa revakadzi muBuddhism.
Mubhuku rinonzi "Thai Women in Buddhism" pazasi, anodana Buddha "mukadzi wekutanga" uye anoti mazhinji ezvirambidzo zvevakadzi muBuddhism kune dudziro dzakazodzidziswa naBuddha. Anotaurawo nezvekunetswa uko bhikkhunis anofanira kutsungirira, kwete zvakanyanya kubva kuvatendi asi kubva kune mamwe mamongi uye kubva kune zviremera.
Somuenzaniso, vhiza rakarambwa kumamongi aibva kuSri Lanka avo vaida kuuya kuThailand kuzoparidzira vakadzi vakawanda semamongi. Uye musi waZvita 9, 2016, boka revabhikkhunis vaida kubhadhara mutero kuna Mambo wekupedzisira Bhumibol vakarambwa kupinda mumuzinda wamambo. Vaifanira kubvisa hanzu dzavo kuti vapinde, vose vaine chikumbiro ku'mutemo'.
Buddhism ichafanirwa kufunga zvakare maitiro ayo kune vakadzi.
Source
- Main source: Chatsumarn Kabilsingh, Thai Women in Buddhism, Parallax Press: Berkeley, 1991.
- Zvimwe pamusoro peNarin Phasit: www.thailandblog.nl/boeddhisme/narin-phasit-the-man-die-against-the-hele-world-fight/
- Nyaya pfupi uye mifananidzo yebhikkhunis muThailand: www.aljazeera.com/indepth/inpictures/2013/06/20136295128230163.html
- Nezve Bhikkhuni Dhammananda: www.nationalcatholicreporter.org/globalpers/gp051403.htm
- en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dhammananda_Bhikkhuni
Taura chitendero chinokodzera vakadzi. Haipo.
Mwari akasiyana 100% kumukadzi! Zvakaitwa nemunhu pazviri imwe nyaya. Uye mukati meBuddhism, umo kuberekwa patsva kuchiri kugamuchirwa, ndinofunga kuti uyu mufananidzo wekare wemukadzi unofanirwa kunyungudika wega, nekuti maererano nemitemo imwechete yekuzvarwa patsva munhu anodzoka semurume uye semukadzi. Saka varume in a next life semukadzi uchadzokera mundiro yako zvaungave wakonzeresa manje. Chikonzero nemhedzisiro, mutemo wechisikigo.
Varume chete, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, vanorasika uye kuita zvimwe zvivi vanodzoka sevakadzi. Varume vanonamata vanodzoka sevarume uye nhanho imwe pedyo nekuvhenekerwa. Sezvo hafu yevanhu iri vakadzi, zvinoreva here kuti hafu yevarume ine zvibvumirano zvinonyadzisa mutsika?
Chinyorwa chakanaka ... chinonakidza kwazvo.
Ndatenda nekuda kweakaundi yako inovhenekera.
"Mafungiro aya echiBuddhism kune vakadzi zvinosiririsa ane mhedzisiro yakaipa munharaunda yeThai yese." (quote).
Pano panopinda mumaonero akajairika emurume wekuMadokero uyo - akakurira mu20th uye achigara muzana ramakore rechi21 - anotenda kuti varume nevakadzi vakaenzana kwese uye nguva dzese. Nei zvinosuruvarisa? Sei asina kunaka? Kana wakakurira muNetherlands muzana ramakore rechi 18 kana rechi 19 kana mugore ra2000 mumapoka echiPurotesitendi anongwarira (bhandi reBhaibheri) ungadai usina kunyora pasi mashoko iwayo 'zvinosuruvarisa' uye 'negative'. Uye ungave wakanyanya radical nemafungiro ako. MuChechi yeKatorike muna 2018, vakadzi havasati vakwanisa kuve vapirisita, mabhishopi kana mapapa. Zvimwe chetezvo ndezvechokwadi mumachechi akawanda akavamba panheyo dzechiKristu.
Zviri nani here kana kuti zvaive nani (nokuti vanhu vashoma uye vashoma vari kutaura kune chitendero) kuti mafungiro aya ane pesvedzero yakaipa panzanga yechiDutch? Uye mugari wese weThai muBhudha zvekuti anokudza misimboti yeBuddha (kana izvo zvakazoitwa nezvizvarwa zvemongi)?
Nokuda kwezvikonzero zvakasiyana-siyana, kusava nenyika kuri kuwedzera nokukurumidza zvakapetwa kakawanda kupfuura kupengereka kwechitendero. Kana vakadzi nevarume muchiBuddha, machechi eKaturike nePurotesitendi vasingadi kurwa, ‘dambudziko’ racho richazvigadzirisa pacharo mumakumi emakore ari kuuya.
"Mafungiro aya echiBuddhism kune vakadzi zvinosiririsa ane mhedzisiro yakaipa munharaunda yeThai yese." (quote).
Uye newe:
'Pano zvinokambaira mumaonero akajairika emurume wekuMadokero uyo - akakurira mu20th uye achigara muzana remakore re21st - anotenda kuti varume nevakadzi vakaenzana, kwose kwose uye nguva dzose.'
Ini ndinokuvimbisa kuti yekutanga quote zvakare uye pamusoro pezvese zvekumabvazuva uye zvinojairika maonero evazhinji vanyori veThai, varume nevakadzi. Hauna kuverenga here kuti ini ndakaratidzira akawanda eThai? Uyewo mune zvinyorwa? Ndinogona kutaura mamwe mashoma, akadai saThianwan, Chit naKulaap. Ndizvo zvandinogara ndichiedza: regai vaThai vataure zvavanoda. Hazvibvumirwi here?
Hongu unogona, asi iwe unorega rimwe boka reThais richitaura naro iwe - semunhu wekuMadokero - unobvumirana. Hazvina kuoma kudaro kunyora chidimbu pamusoro pemafungiro mamwe chete pamusoro pevakadzi munyika yemadzibaba uye kurega Christian Reformed Dutchmen kubva kuSGP neCL chete kutaura. Ipapo iwe unogona kutanga kufunga kuti iyo yose yeNetherlands inofunga nenzira iyi.
Apo Prime Minister Rutte akashanyira Putin (ndinofunga muna 2016), Rutte aida kumudzidzisa nezvechinzvimbo cheungochani muRussia. Izvo Putin akapindura zvakanaka kuti muNetherlands ine hutongi hwejekerere kune kunyange mapato ezvematongerwo enyika uko vakadzi vasingade kupa vakadzi kodzero dzekuvhota dzemukati nekunze ……… uye kuti hurumende yaRutte hapana chairi kuita nezvazvo…..
Chris,
Ini ndakamirira nechido zvinyorwa nevanyori vechiThai nevanofunga vanofunga kuti chinzvimbo chevakadzi muBuddhism chakarurama. Ndapota usandiita kuti ndimire kwenguva refu
Wati wambonzwa nezvevazhinji vakanyarara here? Sei ndichifanira kusimudza basa revakadzi muBuddhism kana ndichigutsikana nemamiriro ezvinhu aripo iye zvino?
Vazhinji vakanyarara. Ungagamuchira mhinduro iyoyo kubva kuvadzidzi vako here? Kune nguva dzose vanhu vashoma vanonyora pamusoro pechidzidzo (kana chakafanana) kuti vazive kuti chimwe chinhu chinofanira kuchinjwa kana kuchengetwa, kana kuti kuita kuti avo vanoda shanduko kana kuti vanotsoropodza vazive kuti vari kuzviita zvisizvo.
"Negative kukanganisa munharaunda yese yeThai" Unogona here kupa mienzaniso yeiyo, kwandiri semushanyi havaonekwe. Ndiri kuona kushomeka kwevakadzi pane dzimwe nyika.,
Nanhasi handisati ndasangana nechitendero chandinobvumirana nacho.
Ndakanzwira tsitsi chiBuddha kutozosvikira ndawana kuti Buddha aitamburawo nokunzwa kwomukuru pane humwe upenyu.
Pandakanga ndiri muBali kwemavhiki mana ndakashamiswa nekushivirira uye kusununguka kwemaitiro evanhu neshanduro yavo yeBalinese yechiHindu. Zvisinei, ndinotya kuti pane chimwe chinhu chisina kururama nechitendero ichocho mukuona kwanguwo.
Pfungwa yokuva mukuru pane vamwe vanhu nohumwe upenyuwo zvahwo, ndinofunga, ndicho chinetso chikuru chezvitendero zvose zvandinoziva nezvacho uyewo chisakiso chenhamo zhinji pasi pano.
Chimwe chinokonzeresa masangano ezvitendero ndechekuti kana chitendero changowana kuteverwa kwakawanda, vanhu - kazhinji varume - vanobuda vanoedza kuchidzora kuti vashatise nekuchishandura kuti chive chishandiso chesimba uye kutonga pamusoro (mapoka makuru) evanhu. kuti vabatsirwe nokukudzwa kukuru nokukudzwa kunobva kwavari.
Mukuona kwangu kutenda kunofanira kunge kuri uye kuramba kuri chiitiko chega, chinopesana nehutungamiriri nemitemo nedzidziso dzakatemerwa kubva kumusoro.
Saka ndinoomerera kuzvirevo zvangu: edza kubata vamwe nenzira yandinoda kubatwa nayo uye edza kusanzwa ndakakwirira kana kuti ndakaderera kune humwe upenyu.
Nyaya inofadza. zvakakodzera kuwedzera ruzivo rwako
Munhu anofanira kusiyanisa pakati pekunzwa ari pamusoro pevamwe vanhu (vatema hupenyu chinhu) uye kunzwa ari pamusoro pemamwe marudzi ehupenyu. Vanhu vanongova vakakwirira kupfuura chimwe chinhu chipi nechipi choupenyu. Vanhu chete ndivo vanokwanisa kufunga uye kuita zvine musoro. Chokwadi chokuti izvi zvinosuruvarisa kazhinji kushayikwa imwe nyaya. Zvamazvirokwazvo nemhaka yokuti munhu mukuru, munhu ane basa rokubata nenzira ine ungwaru norumwe rudzi rwose rwoupenyu. Pachine rwendo rurefu rwekufamba.
Izvozvo zvakangoitika!
Rakatsikiswa nhasi neYunivhesiti yeNetherlands: Paul van der Velde (Radboud University Nijmegen) anokutora achipinda newe mumba make akazadzwa naBuddha uye anoratidza divi rakasviba rekutenda kwenyika ino.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=P5TXSv6gprg
Zvakakodzera kutariswa mumaonero angu.
Ndakazvionawo nezuro. 🙂 Sumo yakanaka, kunyanya kune avo vanofananidza Buddhism nekufungisisa, zen uye kwete zvimwe zvakawanda. Izvozvo hazvingambonzi Buddhism. Chero ani zvake anoteerera zvishoma muAsia angaziva kuti mamongi ave ane chisimba zvikuru kune vaMuslim, macommunist (ivo vakatonyanya kuderera pane mapete uye unogona kuvabatsira nyore nyore kune hupenyu hunotevera, maererano nemumongi ane mbiri), kushungurudzwa (kurova. , kutsvangadzira uye kupfuura vana), uye kuti somukadzi anotamba fivha yechipiri. Kure nekukwana, asi kune dambudziko pane zvitendero zvaAbrahama (Judaism, Christianity, Islam).