Mharidzo yekutama kwewanano (chikamu 1)
Muna Gumiguru 2014, Hofisi yeSocial and Cultural Planning Office (SCP) yakaburitsa mushumo wekutama kwewanano. Pazasi zvinotevera - kupararira pamusoro pezvikamu zviviri - pfupiso ine kutarisa kune zvinyorwa zvine chekuita neThailand.
Ini pachangu, ndinoona zvirimo zvichinyatso zivikanwa. Ini ndinoda kunyatsotarisisa saizi uye kuumbwa kweThai muNetherlands, asi izvo zvinotora rimwe basa nenguva. Chirevo ichi chinopa zano rakanaka rekuti ndiani ari kuuya kuNetherlands kubva kuThailand uye kuti chii chavari kunetsekana nacho. Zvinyorwa zviri pasi apa ndizvo zvakawanikwa neSCP.
Vakaroorana vanotama vanobva kunyika dzakasiyana-siyana
Kunyange zvazvo nhamba yeroorano dzokutama kwevanhu vanobva muNetherlands yadzikira mumakore gumi apfuura, nhamba yeroorano dzokutama dzakavhengana iri kuwedzera. Mugove weshumba wemichato yakavhengana yekutama ine michato yevarume veko. Nyika dzakakurumbira dzekwavanobva vadyidzani vadzo, dzakadai seyaichimbova Soviet Union neThailand, dzave dzakakwirira mugumi vepamusoro 'vanogovera' vevakatamira kumuchato kwemakore. Vakaroorana vanotama vanobva kunyika dzakawanda. Munguva ye10-2007, vanenge 2011 vakaroorana vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika vakauya kuNetherlands. Pane ivava, vanhu zviuru makumi matatu vanobva munyika makumi maviri dziri pamusoro. Turkey neMorocco zvinopa vakawanda vanotama vakaroorana, vane vanopfuura zviuru zvishanu uye vanenge zviuru zvina zvakateerana (munguva ye40.000-30.000). Nevanoda kusvika zviuru zviviri nemazana mashanu vanotama kubva kune yaimbova Soviet Union uye vangangosvika chiuru nemazana masere kubva kuThailand, nyika idzi dzinotora nzvimbo yechitatu neyechina muhurongwa.
Vakaroorana vanotama vanowanzova vakuru kudarika makumi matatu uye kazhinji vakadzi
Inenge hafu yevakaroora vanotama vakura kupfuura makore makumi matatu pakusvika muNetherlands. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kune vanobva kuThailand, Ghana, Indonesia, US, Iraq, Philippines uye yaimbova Soviet Union. Izvi zvinogona kuratidza kuti kutama kwewanano kunoitika mushure mewanano yekare munyika yekwakabva. Izvi zvinoenderana nezvakawanikwa kubva mubvunzurudzo. Vazhinji vakadzi vazhinji (vanopfuura makumi manomwe muzana muzana) kupfuura varume vanouya kuNetherlands sevatorwa vakaroora. Izvi ndezvechokwadi kunyanya kune yaimbova Soviet Union, Thailand, Indonesia, China neBrazil. Vanowanzouya kuNetherlands nekuda kwechizvarwa cheDutch shamwari. Izvi zvinoshanda kune vangangoita makumi masere muzana evaThai nevePhilippines vakaroora vanotama vakauya kuNetherlands munguva ye30-70.
Romantic vacation
Kunyanya panyaya yerudo rwezororo, haisi nguva dzose kujeka kuti mubatsiri uye / kana mufambisi wewanano akaita nemaune sei hukama uye muchato semugumisiro wekudanana kwezororo. Mushure mezvose, kunewo nzvimbo dzezororo dzine mbiri iyo vakadzi nevarume veko vanobata vashanyi kunyanya nechinangwa chekuroorana, kuitira kuti vatame. Kuvarume, nzvimbo dzakadai dzinosanganisira Thailand, Cuba, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic neIndonesia. Ivo zvakare vari murunyorwa rwe 'nyika dzinopa mwenga' uye nzvimbo dzekushanya pabonde; vashanyi vanoziva kuwanikwa kwevakadzi veko (uye/kana varume) uye nemaune kubhuka mazororo kutsvaga (yenguva pfupi) wekufambidzana naye ikoko.
Hazvisi nguva dzose kujeka pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu api mubatsiri ane mukadzi kubva kunyika yekupa mwenga akasangana naye uyu. Vadyidzani vanowanzoramba vasina kujeka pamusoro peizvi, nekuti kungotaurwa kwenzvimbo yavakasangana kazhinji kunomutsa kushamwaridzana kusingafadzi muvateereri. Kuenzaniswa neavo vari muwanano dzekutama dzisina kusanganiswa, vatsigiri uye vanotamira kune muchato muwanano yekutama kwakasanganiswa vanogara vachigamuchira maitiro anodarika miganhu yehunhu. Izvi dzimwe nguva zvinoiswa se 'joke', zvichiita kuti zvinyanye kuoma kupindura. Vakaroorana vanovhiringidzwa nemhando dzekutaura uye maitiro, kunyanya kana zvichibva kuvanhu vavanovimba navo neimwe nzira.
Kubvunzana 1
Kuroora mutorwa: Zvakanaka, ndakasvika sei kuno kuNetherlands? Ndakanga ndiri kuThailand, ndakapedza kudzidza semunyori wenhau, ndakanga ndichangove nebasa ikoko muBangkok. Uye murume wangu, uyo akanga akarambwa panguva iyoyo, akanga ava nemakore mashomanana uye aienda kuThailand pazororo kakawanda. Uye akafunga kuti zvakanga zvakanaka kwazvo senzvimbo yezororo, sekutaura. Zvezororo, kutsvaga mukadzi, mudiwa mutsva, handizivi, anotofanira kutaura izvozvo ega. Takazosangana pane imwe nzvimbo tikakurukura, kungokurukura kwakanaka uye hongu, ngatirambe tichionana kuitira hushamwari uye kuti tizivane zviri nani, sekutaura. Yakabva yatanga.
Kubvunzurudza: Ehe, takambotaura nezvekusangana kwamakaita muBangkok.
Kuroora mutorwa: Kwete, yanga iri mu [X], iyo inzvimbo yegungwa… nzvimbo yezororo, sekutaura. Hongu, ndakanga ndiripo nokuda kwebasa. Uye akanga ari pazororo, hongu.
Kubvunzurudza: Hongu, makaonana kwezuva rimwe chete, kana kupfuura?
Kuroora mutorwa: Aiwa, rimwe zuva, kwechinguva chiduku, kwete kunyange zuva.
mukurukuri: Kero chete dzachinjana.
Kuroora mutorwa: […] Mufananidzo weThailand hauna kunaka zvakare, kubva munyaya dzevakadzi. Ehe, ivo havandizive, kuti ndiri ani uye vanofunga: unowana mumwe munhu kubva kuThailand, kubva kudunhu rechipfambi wobva watoroora nekukasika, hazvina kunaka futi. […] Saka hazvishamisi kuti vanhu vanofunga kudaro. Vamwe vanhu vanobvunza sekuti, 'Ehe, wamuwanepi muPattaya kana Phuket uye ini handizive…' Idzo dzese inzvimbo dzinozivikanwa dzevashanyi, hongu. Uye sezvineiwo takasanganawo ikoko, ichokwadi, asi ini handigare ikoko uye ndinoita usashandewo ikoko. (Mukadzi wekubva kuThai, (mufambi wekuroora), murume wekuDutch (mutsigiri))
Kubvunzana 2
Kuroora mutorwa: Uye ini zvakare ndinonzwisisa kuti vanhu vechiDutch vanofunga kuti, hongu, ndinofunga 90% kana 80% yevakadzi vechiThai vakauya nemurume wechiDutch vakasangana kuburikidza nebasa rake, sekutaura. Munonzwisisa zvandiri kureva.
mukurukuri: Hongu, uye kuita ikoko… Vanhu [vanoenda] kure… Kana vaunoshanda navo sejee, ndadaro zvakare vane ruzivo, vanoti saka iwe unoziva, sejoke.
Kuroora mutorwa: Ehe wamuwanepi?
mukurukuri: Hongu, asi vari kunze kwekunzwa kana kusanzwa… Vanonakidzwa nazvo kana saka, ndinofunga, vanoda kuona mufananidzo iwoyo.
Kuroora mutorwa: Hongu, avo ndivo vanhu vanoda chaizvo kutenda izvozvo.
Kubvunzurudza: Uye munofunga kuti zvasiyana here iye zvino, kana kuti vanhu vaya vanoramba vachidavira izvozvo?
mukurukuri: Uchiri navo vanhu ivavo.
Kuroora mutorwa: Hongu, asi handifungi kuti vanofunga saizvozvo...
mukurukuri: Aiwa, kana vakamuziva kwenguva yakareba kana chimwe chinhu… Ipapo havazombozvitaura zvakare, hongu (murume wekuzvarwa (sponsor), mukadzi anobva kuThailand (kuroora anotama)).
Kuroora vanotama vane chizvarwa cheDutch chinotsigira: mikana yekubatanidzwa
Wanano vanotama vane chizvarwa cheDutch chinotsigira kazhinji vanopedzisira vari mumamiriro ezvinhu umo mune vashoma vekwakabva munzvimbo. Uye vamwe vanobva kune dzimwe nyika vanenge varipo kazhinji havasi 'verudzi chairwo': vanobva kune rimwe dzinza kana boka rechitendero, boka revanhu rakasiyana, mwero wedzidzo kana bato rezvematongerwo enyika. Somugumisiro, vanotama vakaroorana vanonzwa batano shoma nazvo. Vadyidzani vekunze verudzi rwechiDutch saka kazhinji vanonzwa sezvazviri uye nenzira yekufananidzira 'iye ega' munzvimbo yavo yepedyo nemamiriro akafanana, kazhinji ari wekunze munharaunda yavo yepedyo. Kune nzvimbo dzekusangana dzevatorwa vanobva kune mamwe mapoka ekwakabva. Vakaroorana vakasanganiswa vane musanganiswa chaiwo wemamiriro ezvinhu vanowanawo mumwe nemumwe (semuenzaniso vakadzi vekuzvarwa vane murume wekuTurkey kana varume vekuzvarwa vane mukadzi wechiThai). Kusangana nevamwe vakaroorana vakasanganiswa (kungava kana kwete) nemumwe wekune imwe nyika wekwakabva kune imwe sosi yekuzivikanwa nerutsigiro, zvakare kune anotsigira.
Nezve mamiriro ehupenyu hwevakaroora vanotama muwanano yekutama yakasanganiswa, munhu angashamisika kana mugari wemuDutch anotsigira anopa mukana pane anomutsigira iye pachake ane kare semutorwa kana muzukuru wevanotama. Tingatarisira kuti maererano nekuwana mutauro weDutch, kushamwaridzana nevanhu vechiDutch uye (nekuda kweizvozvo) kuwana nzvimbo iri nani yemagariro nehupfumi. Panyaya yezviviri zvekutanga, zvinoita sekunge kune mhedzisiro yakanaka kubva kune chizvarwa chinotsigira: vanoroora vanotamira kune chizvarwa chinotsigira vane maDutch akawanda ekutaura uye vanotaura chiDutch kakawanda muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva. Kune rimwe divi, vadyidzani vevanhu vekuDutch vekuzvarwa havaite zvakanyanya zvirinani pamusika wevashandi pane vamwe vanoenda kuroora. Chiyero chedzidzo yevadyidzani chinoratidzika sechine basa rakakosha pano: kana izvo zvichienderana, pane mukana mukuru wekuti mubatsiri ane vanhu vanobatika vanopa vanoenda kumuchato mukana wekuwana basa (padanho chairo). Kana paine musiyano mukuru pakati pevadyidzani maererano nedanho redzidzo, hazvisi pachena kuti mubatsiri wechiDutch akawedzera kukosha mukutsvaga basa.
Zvakare pakutsvaga nzira yako muNetherlands, vanhu havasi kugara vari nani newakaberekerwa wechiDutch. Uyu munhu anowanzova nenzwisiso shoma mumhoteredzo yokugara kwomutami uye zvinetso nokukangaidzika izvo mutami akaroora anofanira kubata nazvo mukati momuitiro wake wokubatanidzwa. Zvakare, mubatsiri wemuno haagare aine mhando yemari uye network inopa mikana kune anotama anoroora. Vanhu vane zviitiko zvavo pachavo zvekutama vanogona kupa rubatsiro rwuri nani mune izvi.
Pedzisa chikamu 1
Kunobva: www.scp.nl/Publicaties/Alle_publicaties/Publicaties_2014/Huwelijksmigration_in_Nederland
Zvakanaka, chirevo chakadaro, asi kunze kwenhamba dzinonakidza, isinganyatso kuburitsa kune vakadzi veThai vane hanya.
Zvandinoda kuona zvichiongororwa ndizvo chaizvo 'murevereri', sekudaidzwa kunoitwa murume wechiDutch mumushumo. Ivo vanhu vakaita sei, idanho ripi redzidzo, mamiriro api, zera, chii chiri chinangwa chekuroora mukadzi weThai uye kuti vauye kuNetherlands?
.
Ipapo mushumo uchaiswa pamwe chete zvakanaka kana iwe neni tikasawana zviri mukati zvinoshamisa.
Ini ndinofunga kuti mareferenzi profiles akasiyana kwazvo, kubva kuvarume vakuru vane mari shoma uye yepamusoro kusvika kuvarume vechidiki uye nemhando dzese dzedzidzo. Mushure mezvose, boka rakasiyana revanhu rinoendawo kuzororo kuThailand. Asi pamwe mamwe maprofayiri anogona kuzivikanwa pakati peavo vanotsvaka rudo rweThai/Asia kune rumwe rutivi uye neavo zvinoitika kune rumwe rutivi? Asi ini ndinofungidzira kuti zvakangosiyana zvakanyanya kuti ndikwanise kubatanidza ma profiles kune izvi.
Chirevo chinonyora pamapeji 148 kusvika ku190 nezve vagari veko (kure ruzhinji rweThais vane vaanogara navo, chikamu chidiki chine mudiwa wekuThai uye chikamu chidiki kwazvo vamwe), asi chimiro chaicho (va) avo vari chizvarwa. haisi kuoneka:
"Michato yevanotama vakasanganiswa: vatsigiri veko vane ruzivo rushoma
nekutama Vanowedzera chizvarwa cheDutch vanhu vanopinda muukama kana muchato nemumwe
kubva kunze kweEU. Pane misiyano yakajeka pakati pemichato yekutama kwakasanganiswa
zvevarume verudzi rwechivanhu uye zvevakadzi vechivanhu. Musiyano iwoyo unonyanya kuwanikwa
mukuti vatsigiri vechikadzi vanonangidzira zvishoma pane vatsigiri vechirume
uchiziva kuti uri kutsvaga wekufambidzana naye kubva mhiri kwebhodha. Misiyano pakati
'kuzviziva' uye 'kungoerekana' michato yakatangwa yekutama inotsanangurwa zvakare
ndima S.5 (..)
Munguva yemaitiro, vatsigiri vemunharaunda vanowanzotarisana kekutanga nezvirambidzo parusununguko rwekufamba kwevanotama: chokwadi chekuti vanofanirwa kusangana nemamiriro akaomarara kuti vauye kuNetherlands uye kuzogara pano. Vanofunga kuti izvozvo hazvina kunaka uye vanorevesa
mumutemo wekufambisa uye nenzira iyo iyo Immigration uye Naturalization Service (ind) nezvimwe zviremera zvinobata faira yavo, shoko rokuti vanoenda kune dzimwe nyika havagamuchirwi muNetherlands.
(...)
Pane musiyano unokosha pakati pezvinangwa zverumwe rutivi
uyo akaziva akafamba achitsvaka shamwari kubva mhiri kwemuganhu, nevaya
vakawira murudo zvakangoerekana zvaitika panguva yezororo, chidzidzo chepasi rose kana chiitiko chebasa
kubva kune mumwe wevabatsiri.
Vagari vemo vane migration muchato avo nemaune vakaenda kunotsvaka
VaDutch vanobatana, kune rumwe rutivi, havadi kuroora mumwe munhu wenyika. Izvozvo zvinowanzoitawo
nechido chevadyidzani vane chitarisiko chakati kana nemamwe majini
maonero avanoshamwaridzana nevabatsiri vanobva mhiri kwemuganhu. An exotic look
haawani munhu wese anokwezva: vamwe vanoda wekuroorana naye 'akasiyana', asi ndiani
kunze akafanana navo. …
(..)
Migration michato inoitika zvega kazhinji inotangira mu
mararamiro emarudzi ose evaya vanobatanidzwa. Ava vakagara nekuda kwezororo, (Fri-
voluntary) kushanda kana kudzidza kunze kwenyika. Vakanga vasina chinangwa
kudanana kana kusangana nemumwe wehupenyu, asi zvakangoitika. Zvakanaka
kazhinji kune vadikani vakadzidza zvikuru vanozopedzisira vave munyika yemumwe nemumwe kunze kwenyika.
uya.”
Ndezvipi zvisina maturo zviri kuziviswa muchinyorwa ichi, 80-90% vanowana mudzimai wavo mu disco / gogo zvinonyatsotaurwa.
"Ini ndinofunga 90% kana 80% yevakadzi vechiThai vakauya nemurume wechiDutch vakasangana nebasa rake, sekutaura"
Mazuvano neinternet iwe unongove nevakuru vechidiki vari kudanana. Ehe, iwe unogara uine varume vane 2-3 zera / huremu hweThai mudiwa, asi kune vakawanda vakajairwa vakaroorana.
Icho hachisi chekuwana mumushumo, asi maonero / chirevo che1 chevakadzi vechiThai pachavo. Muchikamu 2 iwe uchaona kuti akati wandei Thais anodaidza vamwe vavo Thais seanobva kwakashata. Chirevo chakazara hachiratidzi kuti maThai anonyanya kubva kubhawa, asi kuti kune misiyano yakawanda uye akati wandei akadzidza Thais. Zvisinei, zvinoratidzirwa kuti vakaroorana vakabvunzurudzwa kazhinji kazhinji vakaramba vasina kujeka pamusoro pokuti vakanyatsoonana sei. Uyu ndiwo muenzaniso hongu, mufananidzo wechokwadi waizobuda nevakawanda vakaroora. Asi ini handikwanise kupokana nemhedzisiro yemushumo.