Chiremba Hekking pakati pevarwi vehondo yeAmerica (Mufananidzo: Iyo Indo Project)
Munzvimbo dzakawanda, kusanganisira Thailand, nguva ino inorangarira makore makumi manomwe nematanhatu ekupera kweHondo Yenyika II nekutorwa kwemauto eJapan. Nhasi ndinoda kutora nguva yekufungisisa nezvechiremba wechiDutch Henri Hekking, uyo airemekedzwa segamba muUnited States asi asina kumbobvira awana mukurumbira muNetherlands, uye izvi zvisina kururama zvachose.
Henri H. Hekking akaberekwa muna Kukadzi 13, 1903 muSurabaya pachitsuwa cheIndonesia cheJava, ipapo imwe yematombo ehushe hweDutch colonial empire. Kufarira kwake mishonga yemishonga nemiti kwakamutswa achiri muduku zvikuru. Izvi zvakava kutenda kuna ambuya vake, mbuya veZeeland Vogel, vaigara muLawang, taundi remakomo riri kumucheto kwesango riri pamusoro peSurabaya, uye vaiva nemukurumbira wakasimba sen’anga. Henri akatumirwa kwaari paakanga aine marariya uye mushure mekunge apora akabuda naambuya vake apo vakaenda kunotsvaka mishonga musango kana kuti kuitenga pamisika iri munharaunda yakapoteredza. Kaviri pavhiki aipfuura pedyo kampongs kubatsira murwere wepanyika nemishonga yake. Zvichida ruzivo rwaakawana pakutanga rwakamukurudzira kuti adzidze mushonga gare gare.
Muna 1922 akanyoresa kuFaculty of Medicine muLeiden nerubatsiro rwaakanga agamuchira kubva kubazi rezvekudzivirirwa. Mushure mokunge apedza kudzidza muna 1929, chiremba mutsva akabvumirwa kusarudza basa muSuriname kana Dutch East Indies. Yakava, pasina kuzengurira, nyika yokumusha kwake. Mushure mezvose, semuripo wekuti zvidzidzo zvake zvakabhadharwa neuto, aisungirwa kuti ashande makore gumi sechiremba wemauto ari muRoyal Netherlands East Indies Army (KNIL). Pakutanga aigara muBatavia. Asi nekuda kwekutenderera kwevanachiremba vemauto aishandiswa neKNIL, aichinja chiteshi chake makore maviri ega ega uye aipedzisira ave kuMalang uye gare gare mumauto eCelebes neSoerabaja.
Chiremba wechidiki haana kungozvidzidzisa mukurwisa zvirwere zvekupisa, asi akawedzera ruzivo rwake rwezvinomera zvinobatsira nemishonga. Wekupedzisira uyu akamborambwa achinyomba nevamwe vevaaishanda navo zvakanyanya, asi kushoropodzwa uku kwakasiya Hekking achitonhora. Hupenyu'kuMabvazuvazviri pachena kuti akazvifarira uye pakazopera kondirakiti yake akabva arega basa. Panzvimbo pokuenda kuzororo refu rakakodzera kuNetherlands, Hekking akaenda kunodzidzira kuvhiya muItaly. MunaSeptember 1939 zvidzidzo zvake zvakangoerekana zvavhiringidzwa nekutyisidzira chaiko kwehondo uye kuunganidzwa kwemauto eDutch. Mukutanga kwa1940 tinowana kaputeni wekirasi yechipiri Henri Hekking nomudzimai wake nevana vaviri muchiteshi chake chitsva chiri kumadokero, chikamu chechiDutch chechitsuwa cheTimor.
Pana February 19, 1942, Mauto Amambo eJapan akarwisa Timor nesimba rose. Mauto akabatana, musanganiswa wemaBritish, maAustralia, maNew Zealanders, maIndia, maAmerican uye zveshuwa maDutch anobva kuKNIL, vakatadza kubata basa ravo uye vakabvuma muna Kukadzi 23. Chiremba Hekking akatorwa semusungwa wehondo uye akaendeswa kumisasa yevane gumie battalion cyclists muBatavia. Mhuri yake yakavharirwa mumusasa wevanhuwo zvavo muJava.
Apo rongedzero dzenjanji pakati peThailand neBurma padzakawedzera kusimba, Hekking akaendeswa kujeri hombe reChangi muSingapore, pamwe chete nezviuru zvakati kuti zvevairwara navo. Akasvika kuSingapore asina kukuvadzwa ndokuenda muna August 1942, nechitima, ari mungoro yemhuka yakatsvikinyidzana, achienda kumusasa wepasi paNong Pladuk uko akapiwa mabasa omukicheni.
Vanosvika chiuru chevasungwa vehondo vekuAmerica vakashandiswa nemaJapan munguva yeHondo Yenyika II pakuvaka nekugadzirisa njanji yeThai-Burma. Mugove weshumba wechikwata ichi vaive vezvikepe, vashandi vemu USS Houston, yeAmerican heavy cruiser, yakanyura musi wa28 Kukadzi 1942 panguva yeHondo yeGungwa reJava. Varume ava, zvikurukuru maTexans, vakanga vatumirwa kubva kumusasa wegungano muChangi (Signapore) kuenda kuThailand uko vaifanira kushanda muchitima kubvira muna October 1942. Mumusasa mukuru wekuJapan pedyo neKanchanaburi, vakanga vazivana nachiremba akanga achinjwa Hekking, uyo, pasinei nokushayikwa kwemishonga yakajairika, akanga abatsira vakati wandei vevarwere vavo nekukurumidza uye pamusoro pezvose nemazvo nemiti yemishonga. Masvondo mashoma gare gare maAmerican akafora akananga kunokorwa mvura paHintok.
Paive navanachiremba vashoma vekuBritain mumisasa iri pedyo neHintok, asi vaive nehunyanzvi hwekudimbura nhengo dzemuviri dzakakuvara kana dzine utachiona. MaAmerican aive nekutenda kushoma mavari modus operandi uye akakwanisa kupa chiokomuhomwe mumwe wevakuru vakuru vokuJapan veRailway Corps newachi mbiri dzomumaoko dzinodhura. Vakazoita kuti achinjise Chiremba Hekking kumusasa wavo. Hekking akashandisa ruzivo rwake rwepedyo rwezvinomera zvakakura chaizvo mamita mashoma kubva pamusasa kuti zvibudirire kurwisa zvirwere uye kusimbisa varume vasina simba. VeAmerica vakakurumidza kuona kuti vakanga vaita chinhu chendarama nokuunza Hekking.
Chiremba wemusasa wechiDutch, uyo akakurumidza kutumidza zita rekuti 'Jungle Doctor' akava vane zvipo, vakakunda pakuvandudza uye hunyanzvi. Nekushivirira zvipunu zvakarodzwa - pasina chiravidzo - maronda emunzvimbo dzinopisa aipfuta akadzurwa, zvikweva zvakaunganidzwa zvine mutsindo mumagaba kuti zvishandiswe nenguva yakafanira uye hembe dzakadamburwa kuita mitsetse dzaibikwa kakawanda kuti dzishande semabhandeji. Nguva nenguva, Hekking akatokwanisa kuba mishonga kubva kuJapan pantries, panjodzi yekubatwa kana akabatwa…. Hazvifaniri kukanganwika mumamiriro ezvinhu aya kuti vanachiremba mumisasa yechibharo, kufanana nevamwe vasungwa vose vehondo, havana kusunungurwa pamabasa epamba kuti vaite basa ravo. Mune mamwe mazwi, sevamwe vezera ravo, vaifanira kutora chikamu zuva rega rega mukuvakwa kweThai-Burmese Railway of Death. Muitiro wemishonga waigona kuitwa chete mukati mavonguva yekusara' mushure memaawa ekushanda. Basa iro Doc Hekking akakwanisa kupedzisa nekubudirira kutenda kune hunyanzvi hwake uye ruzivo. Vari mune dzimwe misasa vasungwa vakafa senhunzi, pavarume vangangosvika mazana manomwe vaiva pasi pake, vakakundwa 700. Hapana kana mumwe wevasungwa vekuAmerica ava aifanira kudimburwa chigunwe apo Hekking aiva chiremba wavo wepamusasa….
Hekking aive gamba kuAmerican war veterans. Kubva muna 1956, apo USS Houston CA-30 Survivors Association yakatangwa, akanga ari muenzi wavo anoremekedzwa pamisangano yeDallas kakawanda. Muna Mbudzi 1983, akaremekedzwa zviri pamutemo muUnited States Congress, Imba yeCommons. Mu zviri pamutemo U.S. Congressional Record akadaro Otto Schwarz, mumwe wevaimbove varwere vake:…Haasi chirembawo zvake. muitiro wake wemishonga pasi pemamiriro ezvinhu akaipisisa wakanga usina kuganhurirwa kukuedza kuporesa muviri wenyama; zvakaburitsawo kugona kwake senyanzvi yepfungwa, kubata pfungwa, mweya uye mweya yeavo vasungwa vehondo vaive vasina kana chikonzero chekuvimba nezveramangwana ... ". Muna 1989 maDutch akagamuchira Jungle Doctor tsamba yekutenda kubva kuMutungamiri weAmerica Ronald Reagan. Reserve Major Hekking vakatopihwa chinzvimbo chekuremekedza cheVice Admiral weTexan Fleet, chikamu che United States Merchant Marines. Basa rake rakakosha mumisasa yechibharo rinojekeswa mumabhuku angangoita mashanu ekuAmerica. Gavan Daws inotsanangurwa mukati Vasungwa veJapan (1994) Doc Hekking se“murapi mukuru wepfungwa nemuviri”.
Zvisinei, Doctor Hekking akanga asiri sant munyika yake. Mumashure mehondo yeNetherlands, yakanyura mukudzikama, iwe unogona - iyo nyika credo "just act normal "Kungwarira - asi zviri nani usanamatira musoro wako pamusoro pemunda wekuchekerera. Kunze kwezvinyorwa zvishoma zvepepanhau uye imwe inotaura mubasa remazuva ose Vashandi paBurma Railway van Leffelaar naVan Witsen kubva ku1985, hapana tsvakiridzo yeizvi kupfuura chiremba akakodzera muDutch war historiography. Uye akanga asiri iye ega chiremba wehondo akawana kurapwa kwaamai vokurera uku. Vanachiremba gumi vakanga vashanda muKNIL vakasarudzwa nokuda kweribhoni muOrder of Orange-Nassau nokuda kwemabasa avo akasiyana-siyana munguva yehondo. Pakupedzisira, mumwe chete wavo, anonzi Henri Hekking, ndiye aizopiwa, maererano neuchapupu hweshamwari yake uye chiremba waaishanda naye A. Borstlap, anga ari mumusasa weCelebes, izvi zvakaitika "nekuti vaive vasina sarudzo nekuti vekuAmerica vaive vatomupa menduru .... "
Mubvunzurudzo yakaitwa munaNovember 11, 1995 mukati Akatendeka akaoneka, mwanasikana wake akati baba vake vaisambotaura nezvemakore ake emusasa kumba "Chete kana paine chikonzero. Ipapo iwe unogara uchinzwa nyaya dzine mavara, dzinosetsa, asi dzakanyanya kunaka, kwete iyo nhamo chaiyo. Akataura zvakakwirira, akasvetuka zvakaderera. Aisada kutaura nezvazvo...” Doc Hekking akafira muHague muna Ndira 28, 1994, pasina mavhiki maviri pamberi pemakore ake makumi mapfumbamwe nemumwe.e bhavhdhe. Aive apukunyuka gehena reThai-Burma Railway kweisingasviki hafu yezana ramakore…
Sezvineiwo kumurume akadaro, ribhoni haafanire, asi "chete" tsika kuburikidza nekurangarira uye izwi rinotaurwa nguva dzose. chaiyo” tsika.
NeRumbidzo uye Rukudzo…Selamat Jalan Dr Hekking.
Ndicho chokwadi "kusafa" ...
Ndinotenda zvakare Lung Jan nezvenyaya iyi uye pachangu izvi zvinomutsa manzwiro akavhengana nemibvunzo.
Chiitiko chese chehondo yenyika yechipiri uye hondo yekuregedza Indonesia yakave nechokwadi chekuti vanhu vaisabvumidzwa kuuya pamusoro pevhu kuti vavhare kukanganisa kwavo?
Zvingave zvakaitika sei kuti kushandiswa kwemiti yemishonga muNetherlands kunogona kuve nedhimoni kusvika pamwero wakadaro uye kuti izvi zvakatodzorwa mumamiriro ezvinhu eEU sechinhu chinogona kutyisidzira hutano hwevanhu?
Ndiani anosarudza nhoroondo yakakosha kuisa mumabhuku ezvidzidzo?
Hi Johnny,
Mubvunzo unonakidza wandisingakwanisi kuumba mhinduro nyore nyore ... Chandinoziva kubva pakudzidza kwangu kwakakwana kweThai-Burma Railway (s) ndechokuti vanenge vese vanyori vezvakaitika kare vanobvumirana kuti Dutch KNIL vasungwa vehondo, muchiitiko chekurwara. kana kukuvadzwa, vaiva nemukana wepamusoro wepamusoro wekupora kupfuura vezera ravo kubva kuBritish Commonwealth. Vanachiremba veKNIL vakabatwa vaive - vakasiyana nemamwe madhokotera emauto eAllied - pasina kusarudzika vakadzidziswa mushonga wemunzvimbo dzinopisa uye mazhinji emasoja eKNIL akazvarwa uye akakurira mu'De Oost' uye vaiziva, semuenzaniso, mhedzisiro yezvinhu senge quinine bark. Nehurombo, mikana yakakwira yekupona haina kushandura chokwadi chekuti vazhinji KNIL vakamanikidzwa vashandi vakafa nekuda kwenzara, kuneta uye mamwe matambudziko ...
Baba vangu vakapukunyuka upenyu hwomumusasa somusungwa weKNIL wehondo nokudya tjabe rawit nelombok merah yavakawana pavaishanda muchitima.
Ndatenda zvikuru nenyaya iyi inonakidza!
Kwandiri, Dr. Heking igamba zvakare, sezvakaita vamwe vanachiremba avo vasungwa vazhinji vanokwereta kwavari
kuva
Nyaya inofadza zvikuru.
Ko avo vekuAmerica havasi nani pakukudza magamba chaiwo? Isu isu muNetherlands tingadzidze chimwe chinhu kubva kune yedu benzi ribhoni mvura gore rega rega. Kana wakashanda muhoro yetaundi kwemakore makumi mana, uchagamuchira ribhoni pano. Zvinoseka!!!!!
Wow….. gamba rakadii, chiremba uyu!!! Uye chii chinonakidza chikamu chenhoroondo, nyaya yakanaka. RIP dr. fenzi
Yakanyatso kunyorwa uye zvechokwadi: Selamat Jalan Dr Hekking.
Gamba chairo.
Maita Lung Jan nekutumira chiyeuchidzo ichi.
Nyaya yakanaka zvakare, Lung Jan.
Ndiri kunyora nyaya nezvevaThai vazhinji vakabatsira vashandi vekumanikidzwa uye vasungwa vehondo, kunyanya gamba Boonpong Sirivejaphan. Akagamuchirawo kushongedzwa kwehumambo hweDutch.
Zvinosiririsa kuti magamba eThai anotaurwa zvishoma.
Lung Jan thanks futi, Tino, ndirikuda kuziva.
Kuti ndiDr. Fencing nyaya isingazivikanwe ne99.9% yevanhu ine chekuita nekusada kukudza vanhu nekuti izvi zvinoonekwa senyika uye ini handizive kuti chii chakaipa neurudzi mune hutano chimiro.
Marabhoni epagore chiratidzo chakanaka chekutenda, asi dzimwe nguva chinoramba chiri chinyararire, uye kana iwe usina iwo chaiwo ekubata, haufe wakaiwana.
Ndinogona kungotenda kuti Lung Jan anounza izvi kumberi.
MuNetherlands kwemakore akati wandei ikozvino, veterans vave vachikosheswa zvakanyanya uye kuchengetwa.
Apa ndinoreva vaya vakashanda pasi pehondo.
Ndinofanira kuziva, kwese kwandinoenda kumhemberero kana maveterans's, ndinowana transport yemahara yevanhu 2.
Ndinofamba here kana kuchovha panguva yeveterans day muThe Hague.
Ukaona kuti vanhu vangani, vachiombera.
Zvokudya zvakanaka nezvinwiwa, uye varaidzo zvinowanikawo.
Uyewo Veterans Day Marine, Den Helder, Air Force Leeuwarden,
Uye kuti kune imba yekutarisira kune veterans, inowira pasi pedziviriro.
https://www.uitzendinggemist.net/aflevering/531370/Anita_Wordt_Opgenomen.html.
ona veterans vakagutsikana. yakanyorwa, nguva isati yasvika denda, panguva yedenda uye shure.
Hans van Mourik
Inoshamisa ndangariro yegamba rechokwadi. Vanhu havadi kunzwa izvi mune bourgeois inomera tsika.
Kunyange zvazvo ndiri munhu wenyama chaiye, mhuri yemudzimai wangu mushakabvu inobva kuIndia uye ndaigara ndichinzwa kuti ndakaberekerwa munyika isiri iyo.
Shamwari dzangu zhinji uye vandaizivana navo vakabva kumisasa mushure mehondo asi havana kumbobvira vataura nezvazvo nekuti ipapo maitiro ayo Kees van Kooten, waanodzidza naye, akazotsanangura zvinoyevedza kubva kumaDutch resistance heroes "do ist die bahnhof" semupiro wavo wegamba. .
Munharaunda yandaigara ndaiva nevapukunyuki venjanji yeBurma pamwe chete nemigodhi yemarasha muJapan kana kuti kutambudzwa kwekampetai. Vanhu ava vakapfuura zvikamu makumi mapfumbamwe nezvipfumbamwe kubva muzana. yevatakuri veribhoni. Ndinoremekedza vanhu venyika iyi nenzira yangu. Ndatenda nechinyorwa.
Dick41
Dai aive muAmerica, Hollywood ingadai yakatogadzira bhaisikopo. Unogona kunyora bhuku guru pamusoro peizvi.
Kuti vanhu, saka, havana kukudzwa zvakadaro.
Yakanga yakasiyana.
Ndinogona chete kutaura nezvenguva yangu.
Pakupera kwa1962 chibvumirano chakasainwa neIndonesia maererano neNw.Guinea.
Kwandave ndiri kweanopfuura makore maviri, uye ndaona zviito zvinodiwa.
Ndagamuchira menduru yangu, kubva kuna tenzi wangu mubiki, muruoko rwangu
Wasvika muDen Helder, pazororo uzviponese.
Muna 1990 ndakaenda kuSaudi Arabia nehondo yokutanga kwemwedzi mina.
Muna 1992 zvakare 4 mwedzi muVillafranca (Italy) nekuda kweBosnia.
Kwema2 ekupedzisira, takatanga kuenda kuCrete kwemavhiki e2, uko vashoma vePhysicist uye Vanachiremba vakagadzirira kukutarisira, asi isu takanwa zvakawanda.
Pakusvika muNetherlands, mhemberero yose nemhuri yose, ine menduru mharidzo.
(1990 na1992 ndaiva kuKLU semazvikokota weHIVT F16 uye handina kumbosangana nazvo).
Hans van Mourik
Zvakabva zvaita nguva dzakasiyana.
Nekutenda kwevanhu ava (magamba)
Ini pachangu ndinoona musiyano pakati pa1962 pandakadzoka kubva. New Guinea.
Musiyano mukuru nekudzoka kwa1990 na1992.
Isu tine chikwereti ichi kune zvakaitika kune veAmerica vachidzoka kubva kuHondo yeVietnam.
Nekuti kune vakawanda veterans vanotambura nePTSD nguva refu gare gare.
Iye zvino zvave kuwedzera kuruzhinji, vanhu vanotaura nezvazvo zviri nyore.
Ona mhinduro yangu yekupedzisira kubva kunhepfenyuro yakapotsa.
Vese vanhu vanopfuura makumi masere vanogona kutaura izvozvi.
Hans van Mourik
Isu maBelgian tina Baba Damiaan, asi chiremba iyeye anofanira kunge ari padivi payo nekuda kwekubatsira kwake mumamiriro ezvinhu akaoma! Zvinonyadzisa kuti murume uyu haana kukudzwa muNetherlands. Dai ari mutambi wenhabvu akanaka, zvingave zvakasiyana grrr!