Iyo Thailand blog edition yaChivabvu 30, 2022 yaive nechinyorwa chakanaka nezve shiri dzakashata, idzo dzungu rascals mubindu remunyori. Anofara uye ari kunakidzwa nazvo.
Ngatinyatsotarisisai shiri duku yeThai...nekuti zvakanga zvisingaite kuwana shiri duku muAsia yose. Uye mubvunzo unotevera: shiri duku muThailand dzose dzinonzwisisana here?
Cherechedza: mumutauro wechiDutch unogona kutaura shiri duku se 'iye' kana 'iye'. Mushure mezvose, yedu WNT (Dutch Mutauro Glossary, boka rinozivikanwa zviri pamutemo reDutch neFlemish manejimendi) rinoraira 'm/f'. MuNetherlands vanhu vangada kutaura shiri duku se 'iye', muFlanders se'she'. Tora nguva yekufunga nezvako…
Zvakadaro, handisati ndaziva kana zvienzaniso zvisina kwazvakarerekera pavarume zvakatoonekwa pakati peshiri duku, nokuti ipapo dambudziko remutauro rinozomuka. Uye ndodaidza shiri duku here, semuenzaniso, 'seshiri - inorira', kana 'kurira kwadzo' kana zvimwe zvakadaro. Sezvineiwo, hatisati tasvika.
Vanodzidza nezvezvinhu zvipenyu vanotenda kuti shiri duku yakatanga semhando zviuru gumi zvemakore zvakapfuura kuMiddle East, apo vanhu veNeolithic ikoko vakaparadzira mbeu dzeuswa hwekutanga (akashanduka kuva gorosi, bhari, chibage) anozivikanwa muvhu uye akakohwa sezviyo. . Izvi zvinozivikanwa seNeolithic Agriculture revolution. Saka kuvapo kwechikafu chiripo cheshiri. Saka sungano yake nemunhu. Uye nokudaro kugovanisa kwayo kwenzvimbo kwakarongeka kumabvazuva nekumadokero.
Shiri ine inogoneka kuchinjika. Nzvimbo dzeAmazon chete, nharaunda dzepakati nepakati peAfrica ndidzo pakati penzvimbo shoma dzaanotadza kuenda.
Shiri, sembwa (aka domestic wolf), inoita kunge 'muteveri wetsika' kubva pakutanga, i.e. inotevera nharaunda dzevanhu, inodya zviyo zvakadeuka muminda uye inorarama mumakwenzi, muruzhowa, mumafuro nemakomba kwainoiwana. anovaka dendere. Munhu chaiye anofadza vanhu.
Asi zvinoshamisa, munyori wechinyorwa angave ane vatorwa vekuChina (6th 7th chizvarwa ??) mubindu rake muThailand, vachitonga nekutaura kwake kuti vane ruzha ... 555. Sei?
Eya, kubvira muna 1958 kusvikira muna 1964 mapoka makuru e‘vapoteri veshiri duku’ vakatama vachibva kuChina munguva yokudzvinyirirwa kwaMao neshiri duku uye zvitambudzo nokuurawa kwakatevera kwaiitwa nemhomho yakashatirwa. Izvi zvinogona kunge zvakakonzera kuti ndege dzeshiri duku dzeChinese dzigumire mumapindu eThailand.
Mutungamiri mukuru akavhenekerwa Mao Zedong akanga akonzera nzara huru muma50 nema60 kuburikidza nehutungamiri husina kunaka uye akanga achitsvaga mbudzi kuti arege kuzvidavirira. Haana kukwanisa kuramba achiuraya nekutambudza vanhu vake saka akabva afunga zano rakanaka.
Akanga averenga kuti shiri duku imwe neimwe yaitora makirogiramu mana ezviyo pagore. Akanga averengawo kuti mugore rimwe chete, nokudzinga shiri duku dzinenge miriyoni imwe chete, kwaizova nemimwe miromo yezviyo 4 1. Mupfungwa izvo zvakanga zvakarurama.
Yakanga iri mhirizhonga uye, pamusoro pezvose, mushandirapamwe wechimbichimbi wakakanganisa zvakanyanya kusiyana-siyana kwezvinhu zvipenyu muAsia. Asi mafungiro aMao aive mutemo mucommunist utopia. Ko vadzvinyiriri vese vari munyika havasi ivo vane kona inoita kuti vape mirairo isina musoro here?
Mudzvanyiriri mutsvuku akatanga yake 'Mushandirapamwe wekuparadza wemadambudziko mana. Rondedzero iyoyo yaisanganisira gonzo, nhunzi, mosquito ... uye shiri duku, iyo isiri pane iyi nhema yemhuka dzinokuvadza zvachose.
Chii chaiva chirongwa chekuita? MaChina ose, kubva kumukuru kusvikira kumuduku, aifanira kuita ruzha rukuru kwose kwose uye panguva dzose, achidzingirira shiri duku nokudzichengeta dziri mudenga kutozosvikira dzadonha dzafa nokuneta. Chokwadi, shiri duku dzaigonawo kuurayiwa nedzimwe nzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Mass hysteria!
Mumakore matanhatu iwayo, zvinofungidzirwa kuti izvi zvichaguma neshiri dzinosvika bhiriyoni dzakafa kana kuti nhanga.
Sezvineiwo, mhedzisiro yacho yaive njodzi zvakaenzana. Mhomho dzedzimwe shiri dzakadonha nekusaziva, asiwo dzakavhimwa, sevakabatwa neMao's 'Campaign of Destruction'. Nyanzvi dzezvinhu zvipenyu dzinoti China haisati yapora kubva pakurwisa kwayo shiri.
Unogona kugumisa kuti 'Mushandirapamwe wekuparadza wemadambudziko mana ingadai yakaburitsa mhedzisiro uye yakaponesa zviuru zvevanhu vekuChina vaiziya nenzara. Nehurombo, pano zvakare nenjodzi asi inofanotaurwa mhedzisiro mumutsetse wechipiri. Njodzi yechipiri yenzara yakaitika apo matambudziko mazhinji emhashu akaparadza China uye akaparadza zviyo zvese… nekuda kwekushaikwa kwevavengi venyama, iyo yakanyanya kukosha yaive shiri duku.
Achiona zvishoma sezvaaiva, Mao akanga akundikana kurangarira migumisiro isingadzivisiki uye ine ngwavaira nokuda kwemhoteredzo.
MuNetherlands neBelgium, shiri duku yave iri pandandanda 'tsvuku' yemarudzi ari mungozi kubvira muna 2004. Huwandu hwevanhu hungadai hwakatove nehafu. Pane zvimwe zvikonzero zvinozivikanwa zveizvi. Inofungidzirwa kuti 'usutu virus', inokonzeresa kufa, kusanganisira neshiri nhema. Asi chivako chisingadzorwi chine maguta ekongiri ari kuwedzera muhukuru uye achisiya mukana mudiki wematendere akanyarara muheji nemakwenzi zvakare muparidzi.
Uye pakupedzisira: chii nezve shiri duku dzeThai dzinorira nekuimba muchiChinese?
Mumakore ekuma80, nyika yezvipenyu muEurope, US neCanada yakatanga tsvakiridzo yesainzi mumutauro weshiri. Munyika yose, vakasarudza shiri nhema sechinhu chekudzidza. Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti shiri nhema dzairidza muridzo zvakasiyana muEurope kupfuura muNyika Itsva kana Australia. Vaishandisa toni dzakasiyana, mutinhimira uye mafambiro. Asi ivo vanotevera yedu Western tonal division mu do-re-mi.
Makarekodhwa eshiri nhema dzekuCanada akaunzwa kune shiri nhema dzeBritish, Germany neFrench uye dzakapindura dzisingadaire kana kuvhiringika. Tsvagiridzo yakawedzera yakagumisa kuti zvakapesana ndizvo zvaivewo, nekusiyana kunyangwe pakati pemapoka eCanada neAmerican blackbird. Kuimba kwavo kunofanira kuita, pakati pezvimwe zvinhu, neruzha rwekwavanogara, mumaguta-kumaruwa, vacheche veshiri yeblackbird vanodzidza kuimba mutauro sezvinoita vabereki vavo, kuitira kuti misiyano ibude, kungofanana nemitauro yedu.
MuNetherlands panofanira kunge paine tsvagiridzo yematinji makuru nemakunguwo uye hongu - iwe wakazvifungidzira - isa Zeeland huru tit pakati pevezera rayo muDelfzijl uye maDelfzijl matinji makuru anotaridzika kushamisika, kuvhiringidzika uye kuvhiringidzika. Shiri hadzina kusiyana nevanhu… 555!
Paunonzwa shiri duku pakufamba kwako kunotevera mubindu rako muWiang Pa Pao, Lang Sua, Nong Rua kana Det Udom, unogona kushamisika kana dziri kutaura muchiChinese kana mumutauro chaiwo weThai? Muchiitiko chekutanga, ndivo vakapona Mao uye kupenga kwake kwaunonzwa, vafambi vakabhururuka nendege mukutanga kwemaXNUMX uye vakanyorera hupoteri muThailand.
Alphonse,
Yakanyorwa zvakanaka.
Mumaguta echiDutch, mamwe marudzi eshiri akatogadzira mutauro wakasiyana pane wekumaruwa.
Shiri duku dziri mumaguta makuru dzinokura dzine ruzha rwemotokari uye dzinodzitevedzera.
Frans de Waal angangove mumwe wenyanzvi dzemhuka dzine mukurumbira.
Mabhuku ake anopa maonero akasiyana zvishoma enyika, patimire pane zvatakarerwa nazvo.
https://www.amazon.com/Frans-De-Waal/e/B000APOHE0%3Fref=dbs_a_mng_rwt_scns_share
Kuti ndipindure mubvunzo wako: Ndaigara ndichiteerera shiri duku dzichitaura muThailand uye zvaisanzwisisika saka inofanira kunge yaive mutauro wechiChinese. Iwe unoziva zvakare chii chinoitika kune chattering Thais? Vese vanobva kuChina mumakore chiuru apfuura. Vakawanda vanoonawo izvozvo zvisinganzwisisike!
Haha, Tino, mhinduro yakanaka. Dzimwe nguva ndinofunga kuti vakadzi veThai vanogona kutaura pamwe chete neshiri duku uye zvakangooma kunzwisisa.
Ndichiri muduku, ndinoyeuka ndichiudzwa kuti shiri duku dzakabva kuChina.
Asi tsvakiridzo mumakumi emakore achangopfuura yakatarisa kuMiddle East, nekuda kwekutanga tsika dzekurima dzakabuda imomo mune inonzi Neolithic shanduko yezviuru gumi zvemakore apfuura. Uye nekuda kwekuti shiri ishiri yetsika inotevera vanhu.
Uye shiri duku ingadai yakabva yabhururuka ichipinda muEurope kubva kumabvazuva ndokutora Asia kubva kumadokero. Sezvakaita Homo erectus, achibva kuAfrica uye akatanga kusvika kuMiddle East.
Handizivi kana tsvakurudzo itsva yakaitwa panguva ino.
Ini handina kumbofunga nezvazvo nekuti sezviri pachena ndakafungidzira kuti shiri duku dzaizotaura mutauro mumwe chete pasi rose.
Zvino mubvunzo unomuka kana paine chaizvoizvo tsananguro yokuti nei rudzi rumwe cheterwo sezviri pachena ruchikudziridza mutauro wakasiyana munzvimbo dzakasiyana, pasinei zvapo neidi rokuti iwo marudzi mamwe chetewo.
Ndinozviona zvinoshamisa!
Ini ndinotojairana nedzidziso dzaChomsky dzakadai seHypothesis yeUniversal Grammar, asi inoenderana chete netsananguro yekuvandudzwa kwemutauro pachayo uye, sekuziva kwangu, kwete kunharaunda yehukama hunogona kuitika pakati pemitauro yakasiyana siyana.
Ndiri kuda kuziva kana paine anoziva chimwe chinhu pamusoro peizvi nekuti ini intuitively ndine pfungwa yakasimba yekuti panofanirwa kuve nekubatana pakati pemitauro pachayo uye mukati memhando imwechete.
Ndinokutendai mberi,
Rukwaziso rwose. Berry Summer Field