Green mupunga ndiyo mhinduro
Muna 1985 avhareji yezera ravarimi yakanga iri Tairendi 31 makore, iye zvino 42 makore. Makore gumi apfuura, chikamu che60 muzana chevanhu chakashanda mukurima mupunga, muna 2010 chete 20 muzana.
Kushanda muminda yemupunga kunonetsa musana wemunhu uye kunongopa mari shoma. Mamiriro okunze asingatarisirwi uye mitengo yakaderera pamusika wepasi pose zvamanikidza varimi vakawanda kupinda muurombo. Vazhinji nokudaro vakafuratira kumaruwa ndokutsvaka utiziro muguta guru.
Asi pane zvakare reverse movement. Anurug Ruangrob (45) akasiya basa rake rekuve maneja mukuru wekambani yemasoftware, Somporn Panyasatienpong (41) akasiya basa semutori wenhau anoshanda akazvimirira kumasangano enhau ekunze uye munyori wepurogiramu Wiroj Suksasunee (31) akasiyawo basa rake.
Kudzokera kumaruwa
Anurug akatanga munda wemichero muNong Ree (Chon Buri), chinhambwe cheawa imwe chete kubva kuBangkok, uye anorima muriwo nemupunga. Organic mupunga uye miriwo yakasvibirira, kureva. Somporn akabatana naye mushure memafashama egore rapfuura. MuBangkok, akarima miriwo yake yese nekuti ainetsekana nepamusoro pezvisaririra zvemakemikari mumuriwo unotengeswa pamusika.
Wiroj, anobva kumhuri yakabudirira, akaneta noupenyu hwomuguta rokuchimbidza. Akadzokera kumusha kwake kuSing Buri, maawa maviri kuchamhembe kweBangkok, uye akadzidza kurima mupunga paKhao Khwan Foundation muSuphan Buri. Nheyo inopikisa kushandiswa kwemakemikari mukurima. Anodzidzisa kurima zvisina kusimba.
Mazana mashanu evagari vemudhorobha vakatodzidziswa ikoko. Vakasarudza organic nekuti yakachengeteka, inodhura zvishoma uye inoda basa rakaderera kana zvichienzaniswa nemaitiro emazuva ese. Vamwe vakatenga minda ndokutanga hupenyu hutsva sevarimi.
Kuwanikwa kwechikafu panjodzi
Kuderera kunoshamisa kwenhamba yevarimi vemupunga uye kuchembera kunoita kuti pave nemibvunzo nezvezvokudya munyika. Ichasvika nguva apo Thailand ichafanira kuunza mupunga kunze kwenyika? Kana iyo Asean Economic Community ikatanga kushanda muna 2015, mupunga unodhura uchapinda mumusika weThai. Varimi veThai vanogona kurarama nemakwikwi? Uyezve, kubereka kwevarimi veThai kwakaderera: mu2010 463 kilos per rai zvichienzaniswa ne845 kilos muVietnam.
Sekureva kweKhao Khwan Foundation, kurima organic ndiyo mhinduro. Inodhura zvishoma uye inotora mitengo iri nani. Semuenzaniso, mutengo wakakwana wekurima mupunga nemakemikari i6.085 baht per rai; ine organic nzira chete 1780 baht. Zvakadaro varimi vazhinji vanozeza kuchinja nekuti goho rekutanga maviri kana matatu rinogara richiodza moyo. Havashinga kutora njodzi.
(Kwakabva: Bangkok Post, Spectrum, Nyamavhuvhu 12, 2012)
Aya marudzi ezvinyorwa anotonyanya kunakidza kupfuura idzo nyaya dzemabhawa. Ini handisi nyanzvi, asi ndinofunga zvakanaka kuti zvinotaurwa kuti makemikari akawandisa anoshandiswa mumiriwo yenguva dzose. Chikafu cheThai chinogona kunge chine hutano, chine michero yakawanda nemiriwo, asi iwe zvakare unodya zvisina kujeka zvakawanda. Mahomoni munyama idambudziko zvakare mune izvozvo. Hove dzinobva kuGulf of Siam, kana dzichiripo, hadzina kusununguka nezvinhu zvinokuvadza. Zvakanaka kuverenga kuti kune zvakare counter movements.
Huwandu hwemakirogiramu emupunga hunotaurwa parai (463 kg) ndewekukohwa kamwe chete kana kaviri? Zvinoita kunge zvakakwirira kwandiri, nekuti muno mumusha wandinogara (Isaan) vanongotaura nezve 1 kg per rai uye izvo zvichiri gross. Mushure mekusvuura, 2/200 inosara.