Zvakaitika kuna Jacobus van de Koutere, mufambi weBruges muSiam nenzvimbo dzakatenderedza (chikamu 2)
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Kungofanana nezvakawanda Farang Nhasi Van de Koutere akafadzwawo nemafungiro eSiamese kune zvepabonde:
"Next to zvinhu izvi ndakazviona pakati pevagari vehumambo ihwohwo nevePegu, kuti varume vakuru vese, vepakati, kunyange vadiki, vanopfeka mumusoro wemboro mabhero maviri, ayo apinzwa munyama. Vanodaidza mabubbles kuti bruncioles. Vanotarisa hukuru hwakafanana sezvinyorwa uye zvinonzwika zvakajeka; vakuru vakuru vanopfeka maviri uye kunyange mana mamwe. Muchikwata chevashanu vechiPutukezi ndakashanyira mandarin. Akanga achangobva kurayira kuti mumwe chiremba wokuvhiya ashevedzwe kuti abvise imwe yebrunciole yake nokuti yakanga yamukuvadza. Sezvakanga zvakaita tsika munyika iyoyo, chiremba wokuvhiya uyu, asinganyari nazvo, akabvisa bhero iroro pamberi pedu. Akatanga ashandisa badza kuvhura girazi ndokuburitsa bhero rimwe chete. Akasonanidza girazi riya kuitira kuti kana rapora adzokorore oparesheni odzosera bhero rainge rabviswa. Zvinoshamisa kuti vangadyidzana sei nechinhu ichi chinoshamisira. Vakazondiudza nezve muvambi wayo, mambokadzi wePegu. Pashure pezvose, munguva yake vagari voumambo ihwohwo vaifarira zvikuru miitiro youngochani. Akaisa mutemo une zvirango zvakakura kwazvo, wekuti vakadzi vaifanira kuvhura matinji kubva paguvhu zvichidzika, kuitira kuti zvidya zvavo zvibude pachena pakufamba. Izvi aizviitira kuti varume varavire vakadzi uye vasiye sodomi…”
Mundangariro dzake dzakanyorwa zvine mavara, Van de Koutere akakurukura nyaya dzakawanda dzaive dzamubata muSiam, kubva pakuvhima nzou kusvika kuhumbwende hwevarume veSiamese kusvika pakurangwa kunotyisa kwakapihwa namambo weSiamese. Mune imwe yendima dzinonakidza akasimbisa kuti guta guru reSiamese rakanga rizere nehunyanzvi hwakapambwa hwakabiwa nevaSiamese kubva kuCambodia. Zvese izvi zvigadzirwa zvakazorasika zvisingaite mushure mekudonha uye kupambwa kweAyutthaya nevaBurmese muna 1767:
"Mukati metemberi makanga mune mwenje mizhinji yakarembera kumativi ose uye mifananidzo yendarira yakanga imire kumativi ose; kureba kunge murume mukuru akazendamira madziro. Vakanga vakapfeka sevaRoma vekare uye vamwe vaine tsvimbo mumaoko avo; vamwe vakabata shumba dzakanga dzakasungwa. Izvi zvidhori zvakasimba zvebhuronzi zvaiita sezvipenyu zvikuru. Makore makumi mana apfuura, zviumbwa izvi zvakawanikwa muguta rakaparadzwa muumambo hweCambodia. Vagari vemo vakawana guta iri mumakomo uye havana kuziva kuti vanhu vapi vakanga vagaramo. Yakawanikwa yakanzi 'Angkor'. Tichitarisa kubva kumhando yemifananidzo yakawanikwa, vagari vangangove vaRoma… "
Jacob Cornelisz Van Neck
Chero zvazvingava, nhamba yemifananidzo yakawanikwa ye de Koutere yaishamisa zvikuru. Maererano naye, makanga mune vasingasviki 3.000 XNUMX muhoro imwe huru yetemberi pedyo nemuzinda. 'zvidhori'....
Nekudaro, kugara kwake muAyutthaya kwakangoerekana kwapera mushure mekunge apinda mukupenga kweDominican Jorge de Mota uye aifanira kutiza nekukurumidza. Muchirimo cha1602 akapotsa arasikirwa nehupenyu hwake zvakare mushure mekunetsana neVOC pachiteshi chePattani. Pasinei nenyevero pamusoro pekuvapo kweDutch, akange amisa muchiteshi ichi aine tsvina yakazara yakazara. Muvhiki yekupedzisira yaGunyana 1602, kaputeni weDutch - uye gare gare meya weAmsterdam - Jacob Cornelisz Van Neck akange atumira bato rekucherekedza mumasloops padyo neMacau, iro rakanga ratorwa nemaPutukezi uye nemunhu wese, kunze kwe vana vaiva muchikepe, vakanga vaurayiwa. Vasingazivi nezvemafambiro avo, Van Neck, mushure mekunge pasina munhu adzoka, akayera anchor musi wa3 Gumiguru ndokuenda nechikepe kuPattani kunotanga nzvimbo yekutengeserana yekutengeserana mhiripiri.
VOC Admiral Jacob Van Heemskerck
Panguva imwechete iyo Van de Koutere akasvikawo kuPattani, mazuva matatu gare gare mutungamiri weVOC Jacob Van Heemskerck akasvikawo ikoko nemashoko pamusoro pedambudziko rinosuruvarisa revaDutch vakanga vawira mumaoko echiPutukezi. Van Hemskerk aive nevasungwa vatanhatu vehondo vechiPutukezi muchikepe uye Van de Koutere akakwanisa kuvadzivirira kuti varege kusungirirwa mukutsiva. Pasinei nenyaya yekuti akakokwa kuzodya kashoma pazvikepe zveVOC, zvaive pachena kuti maDutch aisavimba naye uye kuti izvi zvaive zvakafanana. Manheru ega ega Van de Koutere aidzokera kunyika nekuti aisavimba nenyaya iyi uye izvi zvakapupurirwa nemavhesi anotevera kubva mundangariro dzake:
"Ndakaona kuti ndaisagona kudzivirira junk yacho ndoga kana pakaitika chimwe chinhu usiku. Ndakaenda kunorara kumunda uye ndakapa basa rokurinda marara akazadzwa zvakakwana kuvaranda vana bedzi. Manheru maDutch akauya ndokuboora chikepe nechemberi neshure, zvichiita kuti ngarava yacho izare zvishoma nezvishoma nemvura. Apo varanda vakamuka pakati pousiku, tsvina yakanga yoda kunyura. Mumwe wavo akauya kuzondiudza ndichibva ndangoenda kunoona kuti hapana chaigona kuponeswa here. Pandakasvika pachiteshi chengarava junk rakanga rakazara nemvura pasi; nokuti kwaiva nemvura shoma. Ndakaramba ndakamira ndichiona, ndakatsamwa, asi ndakanga ndisisakwanisi kuita chimwe chinhu nezvazvo. Gungwa rakauya uye tsvina yakanyungudika. Nekuda kweizvi ndakarasikirwa zvakare nezvose zvandaiva nazvo ... ".
Van de Koutere akanga akachenjera zvokukwanisa kuperekedzwa neboka revarwi vechiJapan muPattani, mazuva manomwe pavhiki, masikati nousiku, uye icho chaiva chinhu chakanaka nokuti VOC yaida kumuuraya. MaDutch nevamwe vavo veko vakakwanisa kuuraya munhu waaive naye, Antonio de Saldhana, ndokukomba imba yaigara van de Koutere, asi pakupedzisira aifanira kubva asina chaaita.
Mushure mekunetsana kwaakaita neVOC, Jakobus van de Koutere akazvipira zvizere mukutengesa matombo anokosha, achinyanya kuita bhizinesi nemukuru weIndia weBijapur, uye izvi hazvina kumukuvadza. Muna May 1603 akaroora Dona Catarina do Couto muGoa. Muchato wakakomborerwa nevanakomana vaviri. Makore matatu gare gare, semutakuri wekorona yechiSpanish-chiPutukezi, akatanga rwendo rwakaoma rwepamusoro kuti atange kuenda kuLisbon kuburikidza neBaghdad neAllepo. Zvisinei, muGungwa reMediterranean akabatwa nevaMoorish pirates ndokuiswa mujeri somuranda wechiKristu wengarava munhare yeTunisia. Zvisinei, nerutsigiro rweFrance aigona kudzikinurwa. Mumakore akatevera, akafamba asinganeti nemuFar East achitsvaga rombo rakanaka uye akasangana nezviitiko zvakawanda umo vasina kuvimbika vekuEastern despots, vakuru vakuru vechiPutukezi, vapambi veDutch VOC, vapambi veMalay vane hutsinye uye nehutsinye hwevapambi vekaravhani veArab vakaita basa rinotungamira.
Pashure pokunge adzokera kuGoa, zvisinei, kwakakurumidza kuva pachena kuti hama dzaKoutere dzakanga dzaita zvakanaka navaPutukezi. Kusvika panguva iyoyo, vaive vakwanisa kudzivirira kudzingwa kubva kuMabvazuva makoroni, senge vese vasiri maPutukezi, pahwaro hwemitemo miviri yehumambo kubva 1605 na1606. Nokutumira zvikumbiro, varoorani vavo vechiPutukezi, kuenzanisa zvine hunyanzvi pakati pezvido zvechiPutukezi nechiDutch uye zvichida chiokomuhomwe chakawanda, vakakwanisa kugara vasingakuvadzi kwemakore, asi muchirimo cha1623 nyaya yavo yakanga yapera. Vakasungwa uye vakaendeswa kuLisbon uko vakapedzisira vaiswa mujeri vachifungidzirwa kushanda pamwe neDutch ...
Mwedzi mishomanana gare gare, shamwari yavo yebhizimisi, mupfumi weGermany Fernao do Cron, mumiririri weFuggers wokuAsia, akasungwawo ndokudzingwa munyika yacho. Muzviitiko zvose zviri zviviri, shanje dzeava vapfumi vasingazivi dzingave dzakabatanidzwawo muchisarudzo chokuvasunga ndokuvatorera zvinhu zvavo. Zvisinei, dare reSpain rakakwanisa kusunungura hama, pashure pacho Jacobus akapinda muutongi hwoudzori Madrid. Akashinga kuzivisa magavhuna muIndies kuti vangatyaira sei kana kuramba VOC munzvimbo iyi. Semuenzaniso, haana kungotsigira chete kugadzwa kwemauto akamira muIndia asiwo kuumbwa kweboka rezvikepe zvehondo 12 zvine zvombo zvikuru.yerudzi rweDunkirk' uye nevashandi vakavhengana veFlemish-Spanish kuti vape VOC kuravira kwemishonga yayo ... Zvakamuwanira hnighthood muMutemo weSt.
Pasinei zvapo nemibato yake yakabatikana, akawana nguva mumakore 1623-1628 yokuraira ndangariro dzake kumwanakomana wake Esteban, uyo akadzibudisa mumavhoriyamu matatu pasi pomusoro unoti 'Vida. de Jacques de Coutre, natural de la ciudad de Bruges, puesto en la forme que esta, por su hijo don Estevan de Coutre' bundled. Manyoro kubva ipapo akachengetwa muNational Library yeMadrid uye ave neshanduro yeChirungu neyechiDutch. Iyo yekupedzisira yakabudiswa muna 1988, yakagadziriswa naJohan Verberckmoes naEddy Stols, pasi pezita rokuti '.Asian Wanderings - Iyo nyaya yehupenyu yaJacques de Cotre, Bruges mutengesi wedhaimani 1591-1627 paEPO.
Jacobus van de Koutere akafa muna July 1640 muZaragoza, paaiva muboka reumambo hweSpain achigadzirira kurwisa Catalonia. Kuti Van de Koutere akange zvino ave akakosha munharaunda zvinoratidzwa nekuti muzhizha raipisa vakaita nhamburiko yekuendesa mutumbi wake kuMadrid uko, nemvumo yehumambo, vakavigwa zvine mutsindo mune mausoleum mune chapel yeSan Andrés de. uye Flamencos.
Zvinonakidza kuverenga nezvenhoroondo iyi.
Chidimbu chinonakidza kwazvo. "vhiki yekupedzisira yaGunyana 1602" inofanira kunge iri "1601". Van Neck akasvika muPatani musi waNovember 7, 1601. Van Heemskerk akasvika musi waAugust 19/20, 1602. Van de Koutere akasvika mazuva matatu Van Heemskerk vasati vasvika, izvo zvingadai zvakave pedyo neAugust 3/16, 17. Zvikepe zvisingasviki zvitanhatu zveDutch zvakamiswa muPatani pakati paNyamavhuvhu 1602 na20, 22. Kusvika kweKoutere uye kurasikirwa kwemarara / kutakura kwaiva chiitiko chitsva kwandiri.
Chipikiri chepamusoro chinofanira kunge chaive svondo rekupedzisira raGunyana 1601. Izvi ndizvo zvinoitika kana iwe ukashanda pane akati wandei enhoroondo zvinyorwa panguva imwe chete uye wozviverengera zvisina tsarukano. Ndinovimbisa pamweya wangu wechirairo kuti ndichaverenga zvakanyatsonaka kubva zvino zvichienda mberi ... Nhoroondo yaJames wedu pamusoro pekufamba kwake muPattani yakanga ichijekesa mukuremekedza kunopfuura imwe chete nokuti, semuenzaniso, akasimbisawo mukurumbira wevanhu kuti Van Neck. anofarira muVOC nhoroondo uye akasimbisa maitiro ake eruremekedzo, akasiyana neakanyanya kuomarara Van Heemskerck. Nyaya yekuti zvikepe zvitanhatu zveDutch zvakamiswa pedyo nePattani muna Nyamavhuvhu 1602 zvaiva nechekuita neVOC post yekutengesa mhiripiri, yakatsanangurwa naJakobus seimba yemapuranga mu'Flemish' style….
Anodiwa Lung Jan,
Ndanakidzwa nenyaya yako yenhoroondo kwemazuva maviri, chapeau!!
Kumasimba ose eEurope, kutengeserana nehondo muMabvazuva zvakanga zvakabatana zvisingaparadzanisiki. Jan Pietersz Coen akati: 'Hondo kutengeserana uye kutengeserana ihondo'.
Imomo unobva wangotaura nezvemurume asingafadzi (?) munyika, uyo kunyange munguva yake pachake akaudzwa kubva kumativi akasiyana-siyana kuti zvinhu zvinogona kuva zvishoma. Handizivi mashoko akataurwa nomusoro, asi ndinovimba kuti vanhu vakawanda zvino vava kuziva kuti mutsivi wake (kana kuti chii akanga ari akamutangira?) akashora zviito zvaJP seutsinye husina kufanira.
Izvozvo zvakatipa mukurumbira unoshamisa. Netherlands yakawana mukurumbira wokuva vanhu vane utsinye zvikuru pasi pano. Somuenzaniso, mumwe muMalay akanyora muna 1660, kuti: “Inzwai, varume, ndinokukumbirai, musambofa wakaita ushamwari namaDutch! Vanoita semadhimoni, kwavanoenda hakuna nyika ichachengeteka!”. Vanhu vazhinji vakatuka maDutch/VOC semadhiyabhorosi, asingavimbike, akadzokera shure, imbwa dzenhema uye dzine utsinye.
Kutengeserana ihondo, hondo kutengeserana. Mafungiro eVOC. Ndichiri nemubvunzo here kana kuti chaive chikamu chetsika dzechiDutch?
Nyaya yakanaka, yakati rebei. Asi kana zvisina kudaro haungazvinzwisise, ndinofungidzira?
Chakandibaya mwoyo muiyi diptych inonakidza ndechekuti Jakobus nemukoma wake Jozef vese vaive vakaroora mukadzi anobva kumhuri yekwaDe Couto. Sisters?
Ndainakidzwa nekuverenga. Yakanyanya kutsanangurwa uye inonakidza nyaya. Ini ndinoshamiswa kwazvo nenjodzi dzese nezviitiko zvakasangana nemurume uyu uye akakwanisa kurarama.
Zvimwe zveizvi ndapota.